近期發現一款appium小工具，看著功能不錯，就在自己的ubuntu機器搭建了一個appium的環境，其中遇到好幾個問題，這裡將遇到的問題及解決方案分享出來。

安裝後無法使用

問題

Appium will not work if used or installed with sudo
error: Appium will not work if used or installed with sudo. Please rerun/install as a non-root user. If you had to install Appium using `sudo npm install -g appium`, the solution is
 
 to reinstall Node using a method (Homebrew, for example) that doesn't require sudo to install global npm packages.

[1]+  Exit 1                  appium

該問題顯示appium不能使用root使用者來安裝，不然無法執行，所以需要解除安裝用root使用者安裝的appium，該用一般使用者來安裝。

解決方案

• 改變node的所有者

cd /usr/local/lib
sudo chown -R bixiaopeng node_modules
 

• 問題1: 解除安裝appium

npm uninstall appium -g

• 重新安裝appium

npm install -g appium

• 啟動

appium &

問題2: 一般使用者安裝問題

問題

非root使用者在執行npm install -g appium安裝時可能會遇到以下問題

> [email protected]0.4.31 install /lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/ws
> (node-gyp rebuild 2> builderror.log) || (exit 0
 
)

  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/bufferutil/src/bufferutil.o
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/bufferutil.node
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/bufferutil.node: Finished
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/validation/src/validation.o
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/validation.node
  SOLINK_MODULE(target) Release/validation.node: Finished
npm WARN engine [email protected]0.10.2: wanted: {"node":"0.8.x"} (current: {"node":"v0.10.28","npm":"1.4.15"})
npm WARN engine [email protected]0.1.3: wanted: {"node":"0.8.x"} (current: {"node":"v0.10.28","npm":"1.4.15"})
npm WARN engine [email protected]0.1.4: wanted: {"node":"0.8.x"} (current: {"node":"v0.10.28","npm":"1.4.15"})
npm WARN engine [email protected]0.7.6: wanted: {"node":"0.8.x"} (current: {"node":"v0.10.28","npm":"1.4.15"})
npm WARN engine [email protected]0.3.8: wanted: {"node":"0.8.x"} (current: {"node":"v0.10.28","npm":"1.4.15"})
npm ERR! Error: EACCES, symlink '/lib/node_modules/appium/bin/appium.js'
npm ERR!  { [Error: EACCES, symlink '/lib/node_modules/appium/bin/appium.js']
npm ERR!   errno: 3,
npm ERR!   code: 'EACCES',
npm ERR!   path: '/lib/node_modules/appium/bin/appium.js' }
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Please try running this command again as root/Administrator.

npm ERR! System Darwin 13.2.0
npm ERR! command "node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "install" "-g" "appium"
npm ERR! cwd /Users/stefanow/Code/jqueryuk-workshop-2014
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.28
npm ERR! npm -v 1.4.15
npm ERR! path /lib/node_modules/appium/bin/appium.js
npm ERR! code EACCES
npm ERR! errno 3
npm ERR! stack Error: EACCES, symlink '/lib/node_modules/appium/bin/appium.js'
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR!     /Users/stefanow/Code/jqueryuk-workshop-2014/npm-debug.log
npm ERR! not ok code 0

該問題顯示沒發訪問部分檔案，請使用root使用者重試，很顯然是許可權不夠，但是，問題1已經說過不能使用root使用者進行安裝。那麼關鍵問題就是怎麼解決許可權問題了，首先我們想到的是修改目錄的許可權，執行以下命令：

sudo chmod 777 /lib/node_modules -R 

但是，重新執行發現問題依舊。
檢視/lib/node_modules目錄，我們發現並沒有/lib/node_modules/appium/bin/appium.js檔案。顯然，該檔案是安裝時生成的，因此問題應該出在安裝起npm上，檢視npm相關文件我們發現日誌中提到的符號連結的路徑是可以修改的，因此，解決許可權問題可以將該符號連結修改到使用者有許可權的目錄中。

解決方案

• 執行以下命令修改符號連結路徑

npm config set prefix '~/.npm-packages'

• 將新路徑新增到環境變數

vim ~/.bashrc  
# 在檔案中新增以下內容
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.npm-packages/bin"

• 使環境變數生效

source .bashrc

問題3: appium啟動問題

問題

appium啟動時可能會遇到下列問題

[email protected]:~$ appium
error: uncaughtException: fn must be a function
See http://goo.gl/916lJJ
date=Sat Nov 21 2015 10:37:25 GMT+0800 (HKT), pid=2504, uid=501, gid=20, cwd=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium, execPath=/usr/local/bin/node, version=v0.10.34, argv=[node, /usr/local/bin/appium], rss=103559168, heapTotal=86062080, heapUsed=56309664, loadavg=[1.6328125, 1.86767578125, 1.81103515625], uptime=39552, trace=[column=15, file=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/node_modules/appium-support/node_modules/bluebird/js/main/promisify.js, function=Function.Promise.promisify, line=268, method=Promise.promisify, native=false, column=13, file=lib/fs.js, function=, line=46, method=null, native=false, column=26, file=module.js, function=Module._compile, line=456, method=_compile, native=false, column=10, file=module.js, function=Object.Module._extensions..js, line=474, method=Module._extensions..js, native=false, column=32, file=module.js, function=Module.load, line=356, method=load, native=false, column=12, file=module.js, function=Function.Module._load, line=312, method=Module._load, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=Module.require, line=364, method=require, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=require, line=380, method=null, native=false, column=11, file=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/node_modules/appium-support/build/lib/tempdir.js, function=, line=12, method=null, native=false, column=26, file=module.js, function=Module._compile, line=456, method=_compile, native=false, column=10, file=module.js, function=Object.Module._extensions..js, line=474, method=Module._extensions..js, native=false, column=32, file=module.js, function=Module.load, line=356, method=load, native=false, column=12, file=module.js, function=Function.Module._load, line=312, method=Module._load, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=Module.require, line=364, method=require, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=require, line=380, method=null, native=false, column=19, file=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/node_modules/appium-support/build/index.js, function=, line=11, method=null, native=false, column=26, file=module.js, function=Module._compile, line=456, method=_compile, native=false, column=10, file=module.js, function=Object.Module._extensions..js, line=474, method=Module._extensions..js, native=false, column=32, file=module.js, function=Module.load, line=356, method=load, native=false, column=12, file=module.js, function=Function.Module._load, line=312, method=Module._load, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=Module.require, line=364, method=require, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=require, line=380, method=null, native=false, column=42, file=lib/proxy.js, function=, line=2, method=null, native=false, column=26, file=module.js, function=Module._compile, line=456, method=_compile, native=false, column=10, file=module.js, function=Object.Module._extensions..js, line=474, method=Module._extensions..js, native=false, column=32, file=module.js, function=Module.load, line=356, method=load, native=false, column=12, file=module.js, function=Function.Module._load, line=312, method=Module._load, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=Module.require, line=364, method=require, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=require, line=380, method=null, native=false, column=17, file=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/build/index.js, function=, line=9, method=null, native=false, column=26, file=module.js, function=Module._compile, line=456, method=_compile, native=false, column=10, file=module.js, function=Object.Module._extensions..js, line=474, method=Module._extensions..js, native=false, column=32, file=module.js, function=Module.load, line=356, method=load, native=false, column=12, file=module.js, function=Function.Module._load, line=312, method=Module._load, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=Module.require, line=364, method=require, native=false, column=17, file=module.js, function=require, line=380, method=null, native=false, column=28, file=lib/chromedriver.js, function=, line=3, method=null, native=false, column=26, file=module.js, function=Module._compile, line=456, method=_compile, native=false, column=10, file=module.js, function=Object.Module._extensions..js, line=474, method=Module._extensions..js, native=false, column=32, file=module.js, function=Module.load, line=356, method=load, native=false], stack=[TypeError: fn must be a function, , See http://goo.gl/916lJJ, , at Function.Promise.promisify (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/node_modules/appium-support/node_modules/bluebird/js/main/promisify.js:268:15), at Object.<anonymous> (lib/fs.js:46:13), at Module._compile (module.js:456:26), at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10), at Module.load (module.js:356:32), at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12), at Module.require (module.js:364:17), at require (module.js:380:17), at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/node_modules/appium-support/build/lib/tempdir.js:12:11), at Module._compile (module.js:456:26), at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10), at Module.load (module.js:356:32), at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12), at Module.require (module.js:364:17), at require (module.js:380:17), at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/node_modules/appium-support/build/index.js:11:19), at Module._compile (module.js:456:26), at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10), at Module.load (module.js:356:32), at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12), at Module.require (module.js:364:17), at require (module.js:380:17), at Object.<anonymous> (lib/proxy.js:2:42), at Module._compile (module.js:456:26), at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10), at Module.load (module.js:356:32), at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12), at Module.require (module.js:364:17), at require (module.js:380:17), at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver/node_modules/appium-jsonwp-proxy/build/index.js:9:17), at Module._compile (module.js:456:26), at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10), at Module.load (module.js:356:32), at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12), at Module.require (module.js:364:17), at require (module.js:380:17), at Object.<anonymous> (lib/chromedriver.js:3:28), at Module._compile (module.js:456:26), at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10), at Module.load (module.js:356:32)]

google我們發現問題是node.js版本太低導致。
首先我們想到的解決方案是直接使用以下命令

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs

很可惜這種方式在unbuntu 14.04預設安裝的nodejs版本還是v0.10.34，不支援我們安裝的appium（版本1.4.16），那隻能採用原始碼升級方式了。（注：檢視nodejs版本號方法node -v，檢視appium版本方法appium -v）

解決方案

原始碼升級notejs

# Using Ubuntu
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_0.12 | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

將nodejs版本升級到v0.12之後，appium就可以正常執行了。
至此大功告成！>_<