from：http://bkeep.blog.163.com/blog/static/12341429020113156582685/

一、JSON的格式:

1,物件:

{name:"Peggy",email:"[email protected]",homepage:"http://www.peggy.com"}

{ 屬性 : 值 , 屬性 : 值 , 屬性 : 值 }

2,陣列是有順序的值的集合。一個數組開始於"["，結束於"]"，值之間用","分隔。

[

{name:"Peggy",email:"[email protected]",homepage:"http://www.peggy.com"}, {name:"Peggy",email:"

{name:"Peggy",email:"[email protected]",homepage:"http://www.peggy.com"}

]

3, 值可以是字串、數字、true、false、null，也可以是物件或陣列。這些結構都能巢狀。

4,json示例：

import json

# Converting Python to JSON

json_object = json.write( python_object )

 #注：read/write是json-py.py和minijson.py的方法，而python2.6開始自帶的lib庫裡用的是simplejson.py，其沒有read/write方法，而是load/loads/dump/dumps

# Converting JSON to Python

python_object = json.read( json_object )

5,simplejson 示例：

import simplejson

# Converting Python to JSON

json_object = simplejson.dumps( python_object )

# Converting JSON to Python

python_object = simplejson.loads( json_object )

二、python從web介面上查詢資訊

1，先看個例子

>>> import urllib

>>> url='http://a.bkeep.com/page/api/saInterface/searchServerInfo.htm?serviceTag=729HH2X'

>>> page=urllib.urlopen(url)

>>> data=page.read()

>>> print data           //這個就是json的資料結構，str型別

{"total":1,"data":[{"outGuaranteeTime":"","assetsNum":"B50070100007003","cabinet":"H05","deviceModel":"PowerEdge 1950","hostname":"hzshterm1.alibaba.com","logicSite":"中文站","memoryInfo":{"amount":4,"size":8192},"ip":"172.16.20.163","isOnline":true,"useState":"使用中","serviceTag":"729HH2X","cpuInfo":{"amount":2,"masterFrequency":1995,"model":"Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5405  @ 2.00GHz","coreNum":8,"l2CacheSize":6144},"cabinetPositionNum":"","buyTime":"2009-06-29","manageIp":"172.31.58.223","idc":"杭州德勝機房","responsibilityPerson":"張之誠"}],"errorMsg":"","isSuccess":true}

>>> type(data)

<type 'str'>

2，有了json資料結構，我卻不知道怎麼把它解析出來，幸虧有了李建輝的指導。大概思路是：

首先，json基本上是key/value的，python中就叫字典。既然是字典，那就應該安照讀字典的方式去讀。

將上面的data轉為字典型別，這裡用json模組的read方法。

>>> import json

>>> ddata=json.read(data)

>>> ddata

{'isSuccess': True, 'errorMsg': '', 'total': 1, 'data': [{'isOnline': True, 'idc': '\xe6\x9d\xad\xe5\xb7\x9e\xe5\xbe\xb7\xe8\x83\x9c\xe6\x9c\xba\xe6\x88\xbf', 'assetsNum': 'B50070100007003', 'responsibilityPerson': '\xe5\xbc\xa0\xe4\xb9\x8b\xe8\xaf\x9a', 'deviceModel': 'PowerEdge 1950', 'serviceTag': '729HH2X', 'ip': '172.16.20.163', 'hostname': 'hzshterm1.alibaba.com', 'manageIp': '172.31.58.223', 'cabinet': 'H05', 'buyTime': '2009-06-29', 'useState': '\xe4\xbd\xbf\xe7\x94\xa8\xe4\xb8\xad', 'memoryInfo': {'amount': 4, 'size': 8192}, 'cpuInfo': {'coreNum': 8, 'l2CacheSize': 6144, 'amount': 2, 'model': 'Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5405  @ 2.00GHz', 'masterFrequency': 1995}, 'cabinetPositionNum': '', 'outGuaranteeTime': '', 'logicSite': '\xe4\xb8\xad\xe6\x96\x87\xe7\xab\x99'}]}

>>> 

看看ddata已經是dict型別了

>>> type(ddata)

<type 'dict'>

其次，我們以讀字典中key為”data”對應的鍵值

>>> ddata['data']    //檢視字典的方法！

[{'isOnline': True, 'idc': '\xe6\x9d\xad\xe5\xb7\x9e\xe5\xbe\xb7\xe8\x83\x9c\xe6\x9c\xba\xe6\x88\xbf', 'assetsNum': 'B50070100007003', 'responsibilityPerson': '\xe5\xbc\xa0\xe4\xb9\x8b\xe8\xaf\x9a', 'deviceModel': 'PowerEdge 1950', 'serviceTag': '729HH2X', 'ip': '172.16.20.163', 'hostname': 'hzshterm1.alibaba.com', 'manageIp': '172.31.58.223', 'cabinet': 'H05', 'buyTime': '2009-06-29', 'useState': '\xe4\xbd\xbf\xe7\x94\xa8\xe4\xb8\xad', 'memoryInfo': {'amount': 4, 'size': 8192}, 'cpuInfo': {'coreNum': 8, 'l2CacheSize': 6144, 'amount': 2, 'model': 'Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5405  @ 2.00GHz', 'masterFrequency': 1995}, 'cabinetPositionNum': '', 'outGuaranteeTime': '', 'logicSite': '\xe4\xb8\xad\xe6\x96\x87\xe7\xab\x99'}]

>>>type(ddata[‘data’])

<type 'list'>

發現ddata[‘data’]是一個列表，列表就要用序號來查詢

>>> ddata['data'][0]         //檢視列表的方法！

{'isOnline': True, 'idc': '\xe6\x9d\xad\xe5\xb7\x9e\xe5\xbe\xb7\xe8\x83\x9c\xe6\x9c\xba\xe6\x88\xbf', 'assetsNum': 'B50070100007003', 'responsibilityPerson': '\xe5\xbc\xa0\xe4\xb9\x8b\xe8\xaf\x9a', 'deviceModel': 'PowerEdge 1950', 'serviceTag': '729HH2X', 'ip': '172.16.20.163', 'hostname': 'hzshterm1.alibaba.com', 'manageIp': '172.31.58.223', 'cabinet': 'H05', 'buyTime': '2009-06-29', 'useState': '\xe4\xbd\xbf\xe7\x94\xa8\xe4\xb8\xad', 'memoryInfo': {'amount': 4, 'size': 8192}, 'cpuInfo': {'coreNum': 8, 'l2CacheSize': 6144, 'amount': 2, 'model': 'Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5405  @ 2.00GHz', 'masterFrequency': 1995}, 'cabinetPositionNum': '', 'outGuaranteeTime': '', 'logicSite': '\xe4\xb8\xad\xe6\x96\x87\xe7\xab\x99'}

>>> 

呵呵，ddata[‘data’]列表的0號元素是個字典。。

好，那我們查查key為idc的鍵值是多少

>>> ddata['data'][0]['idc']          //檢視字典的方法！

'\xe6\x9d\xad\xe5\xb7\x9e\xe5\xbe\xb7\xe8\x83\x9c\xe6\x9c\xba\xe6\x88\xbf'

>>> print ddata['data'][0]['idc']   //呵呵，為什麼print搞出來的是漢字呢？

杭州德勝機房

看到這裡終於明白怎麼解析json資料結構了。。。

那就是”一層一層往下剝”

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#! /usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import json

s = '[{"name":"鳥巢","point":{"lat":"39.990","lng":"116.397"},"desc":"奧運會主場地"},{"name":"北大乒乓球館","point":{"lat":"39.988","lng":"116.315"},"desc":"乒乓球比賽場地"},{"name":"北京工人體育場","point": {"lat":"39.930","lng":"116.446"},"desc":"足球比賽場地"}]'

locations = json.read(s) 

 #注：read是json-py.py和minijson.py的方法，而python2.6開始自帶的lib庫裡用的是simplejson.py，其沒有read方法，而是load/loads
print str(len(locations))
for location in locations:
    print location["name"]
    print location["point"]["lat"]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 #!/usr/local/bin/python

#coding = utf-8

import os

import json Res='[{"brief":"ooooo","class_extid":13,"create_time":1131783174,"face_id":4,"flag":6777217,"flag_ext":0,"level":0,"max_member":100,"memo":"[email protected]~B","name":"10502","option":2,"ul":[{"flag":4,"u":285},{"flag":4,"u":35}]}]'

qDic = json.loads(Res)

for i in qDic:

   print i["class_extid"] 

       for j in i["ul"]:

            print str(j["flag"]) + "===" + str(j["u"])

=================================================================================

# python t4.sh
13
4===285
4===35
#

PS：更多範例請參考