Android開發之一個簡單的通訊錄實現（原始碼）
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-01
通訊錄就是一個ListView，我們需要通過資料庫和ContentProvider來活動通訊錄的資料，當然，我們應該提供選中後編輯的功能。
很簡單的一個通訊略Demo，所以，直接上程式碼，需要的看一下就知道。不解釋。
檔案1： MyContacs
主活動頁面。
package com.yarin.android.MyContacts; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.ContentUris; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.ContextMenu; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter; public class MyContacts extends ListActivity{ private static final int AddContact_ID = Menu.FIRST; //private static final int EditContact_ID = Menu.FIRST+1; private static final int DELEContact_ID = Menu.FIRST+2; private static final int EXITContact_ID = Menu.FIRST+3; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setDefaultKeyMode(DEFAULT_KEYS_SHORTCUT); Intent intent = getIntent(); if (intent.getData() == null) { intent.setData(ContactsProvider.CONTENT_URI); } getListView().setOnCreateContextMenuListener(this); Cursor cursor = managedQuery(getIntent().getData(), ContactColumn.PROJECTION, null, null,null); //註冊每個列表表示形式 ：姓名 + 行動電話 SimpleCursorAdapter adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, cursor, new String[] {ContactColumn.NAME, ContactColumn.MOBILENUM }, new int[] { android.R.id.text1, android.R.id.text2 }); setListAdapter(adapter); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); //新增聯絡人 menu.add(0, AddContact_ID, 0, R.string.add_user) .setShortcut('3', 'a') .setIcon(R.drawable.add); Intent intent = new Intent(null, getIntent().getData()); intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_ALTERNATIVE); menu.addIntentOptions(Menu.CATEGORY_ALTERNATIVE, 0, 0, new ComponentName(this, MyContacts.class), null, intent, 0, null); //退出程式 menu.add(0, EXITContact_ID, 0, R.string.exit) .setShortcut('4', 'd') .setIcon(R.drawable.exit); return true; } //處理選單操作 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case AddContact_ID: //新增聯絡人 startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_INSERT, getIntent().getData())); return true; case EXITContact_ID: //退出程式 this.finish(); return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu); final boolean haveItems = getListAdapter().getCount() > 0; if (haveItems) { Uri uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(getIntent().getData(), getSelectedItemId()); Intent[] specifics = new Intent[2]; specifics[0] = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_EDIT, uri); specifics[1] = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); MenuItem[] items = new MenuItem[2]; //新增滿足條件的選單 Intent intent = new Intent(null, uri); intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_ALTERNATIVE); menu.addIntentOptions(Menu.CATEGORY_ALTERNATIVE, 0, 0, null, specifics, intent, 0, items); if (items[0] != null) { //編輯聯絡人 items[0].setShortcut('1', 'e').setIcon(R.drawable.edituser).setTitle(R.string.editor_user); } if (items[1] != null) { //檢視聯絡人 items[1].setShortcut('2', 'f').setTitle(R.string.view_user).setIcon(R.drawable.viewuser); } } else { menu.removeGroup(Menu.CATEGORY_ALTERNATIVE); } return true; } //動態選單處理 //點選的預設操作也可以在這裡處理 protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { Uri uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(getIntent().getData(), id); String action = getIntent().getAction(); if ( Intent.ACTION_EDIT.equals(action) ) { //編輯聯絡人 startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_EDIT, uri)); } else { //檢視聯絡人 startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri)); } } //長按觸發的選單 public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View view, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo info; try { info = (AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo) menuInfo; } catch (ClassCastException e) { return; } //得到長按的資料項 Cursor cursor = (Cursor) getListAdapter().getItem(info.position); if (cursor == null) { return; } menu.setHeaderTitle(cursor.getString(1)); //新增刪除選單 menu.add(0, DELEContact_ID, 0, R.string.delete_user); } @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item){ AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo info; try{ info = (AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo(); }catch (ClassCastException e){ return false; } switch (item.getItemId()){ case DELEContact_ID:{ //刪除一條記錄 Uri noteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(getIntent().getData(), info.id); getContentResolver().delete(noteUri, null, null); return true; } } return false; } }
檔案2 DBHelper
資料庫相關操作。
package com.yarin.android.MyContacts; import android.content.Context; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "mycontacts.db";//資料庫名 public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 2; //版本 public static final String CONTACTS_TABLE = "contacts"; //表名 //建立表 private static final String DATABASE_CREATE = "CREATE TABLE " + CONTACTS_TABLE +" (" + ContactColumn._ID+" integer primary key autoincrement," + ContactColumn.NAME+" text," + ContactColumn.MOBILENUM+" text," + ContactColumn.HOMENUM+" text," + ContactColumn.ADDRESS+" text," + ContactColumn.EMAIL+" text," + ContactColumn.BLOG+" text);"; public DBHelper(Context context) { super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION); } public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { db.execSQL(DATABASE_CREATE); } public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + CONTACTS_TABLE); onCreate(db); } }
檔案3 ContentsProvider
內容提供
檔案4 ContactViewpackage com.yarin.android.MyContacts; import android.content.ContentProvider; import android.content.ContentUris; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.UriMatcher; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.SQLException; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteQueryBuilder; import android.net.Uri; import android.text.TextUtils; public class ContactsProvider extends ContentProvider{ private DBHelper dbHelper; private SQLiteDatabase contactsDB; public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.yarin.android.provider.ContactsProvider"; public static final String CONTACTS_TABLE = "contacts"; public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/"+CONTACTS_TABLE); /*=====================================================*/ //下面是自定義的型別 public static final int CONTACTS = 1; public static final int CONTACT_ID = 2; private static final UriMatcher uriMatcher; static { uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH); uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"contacts",CONTACTS); //單獨列 uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"contacts/#",CONTACT_ID); } /*=====================================================*/ @Override public boolean onCreate() { dbHelper = new DBHelper(getContext()); //執行建立資料庫 contactsDB = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); return (contactsDB == null) ? false : true; } // 刪除指定資料列 @Override public int delete(Uri uri, String where, String[] selectionArgs) { int count; switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { case CONTACTS: count = contactsDB.delete(CONTACTS_TABLE, where, selectionArgs); break; case CONTACT_ID: String contactID = uri.getPathSegments().get(1); count = contactsDB.delete(CONTACTS_TABLE, ContactColumn._ID + "=" + contactID + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ")" : ""), selectionArgs); break; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri); } getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null); return count; } // URI型別轉換 public String getType(Uri uri) { switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { case CONTACTS: return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.yarin.android.mycontacts"; case CONTACT_ID: return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.yarin.android.mycontacts"; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri); } } // 插入資料 public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues initialValues) { if (uriMatcher.match(uri) != CONTACTS) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri); } ContentValues values; if (initialValues != null) { values = new ContentValues(initialValues); } else { values = new ContentValues(); } // 設定預設值 if (values.containsKey(ContactColumn.NAME) == false) { values.put(ContactColumn.NAME, ""); } if (values.containsKey(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM) == false) { values.put(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM, ""); } if (values.containsKey(ContactColumn.HOMENUM) == false) { values.put(ContactColumn.HOMENUM, ""); } if (values.containsKey(ContactColumn.ADDRESS) == false) { values.put(ContactColumn.ADDRESS, ""); } if (values.containsKey(ContactColumn.EMAIL) == false) { values.put(ContactColumn.EMAIL, ""); } if (values.containsKey(ContactColumn.BLOG) == false) { values.put(ContactColumn.BLOG, ""); } long rowId = contactsDB.insert(CONTACTS_TABLE, null, values); if (rowId > 0) { Uri noteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(CONTENT_URI, rowId); getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(noteUri, null); return noteUri; } throw new SQLException("Failed to insert row into " + uri); } // 查詢資料 public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) { SQLiteQueryBuilder qb = new SQLiteQueryBuilder(); qb.setTables(CONTACTS_TABLE); switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { case CONTACT_ID: qb.appendWhere(ContactColumn._ID + "=" + uri.getPathSegments().get(1)); break; default: break; } String orderBy; if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder)) { orderBy = ContactColumn._ID; } else { orderBy = sortOrder; } Cursor c = qb.query(contactsDB, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, orderBy); c.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri); return c; } // 更新資料庫 public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where, String[] selectionArgs) { int count; switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { case CONTACTS: count = contactsDB.update(CONTACTS_TABLE, values, where, selectionArgs); break; case CONTACT_ID: String contactID = uri.getPathSegments().get(1); count = contactsDB.update(CONTACTS_TABLE, values, ContactColumn._ID + "=" + contactID + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ")" : ""), selectionArgs); break; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri); } getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null); return count; } }
package com.yarin.android.MyContacts;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class ContactView extends Activity
{
private TextView mTextViewName;
private TextView mTextViewMobile;
private TextView mTextViewHome;
private TextView mTextViewAddress;
private TextView mTextViewEmail;
private TextView mTextViewBlog;
private Cursor mCursor;
private Uri mUri;
private static final int REVERT_ID = Menu.FIRST;
private static final int DELETE_ID = Menu.FIRST + 1;
private static final int EDITOR_ID = Menu.FIRST + 2;
private static final int CALL_ID = Menu.FIRST + 3;
private static final int SENDSMS_ID = Menu.FIRST + 4;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mUri = getIntent().getData();
this.setContentView(R.layout.viewuser);
mTextViewName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView_Name);
mTextViewMobile = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView_Mobile);
mTextViewHome = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView_Home);
mTextViewAddress = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView_Address);
mTextViewEmail = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView_Email);
mTextViewBlog = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView_Blog);
// 獲得並儲存原始聯絡人資訊
mCursor = managedQuery(mUri, ContactColumn.PROJECTION, null, null, null);
mCursor.moveToFirst();
}
protected void onResume()
{
super.onResume();
if (mCursor != null)
{
// 讀取並顯示聯絡人資訊
mCursor.moveToFirst();
mTextViewName.setText(mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.NAME_COLUMN));
mTextViewMobile.setText(mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM_COLUMN));
mTextViewHome.setText(mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.HOMENUM_COLUMN));
mTextViewAddress.setText(mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.ADDRESS_COLUMN));
mTextViewEmail.setText(mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.EMAIL_COLUMN));
mTextViewBlog.setText(mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.BLOG_COLUMN));
}
else
{
setTitle("錯誤資訊");
}
}
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
{
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
//新增選單
menu.add(0, REVERT_ID, 0, R.string.revert).setShortcut('0', 'r').setIcon(R.drawable.listuser);
menu.add(0, DELETE_ID, 0, R.string.delete_user).setShortcut('0', 'd').setIcon(R.drawable.remove);
menu.add(0, EDITOR_ID, 0, R.string.editor_user).setShortcut('0', 'd').setIcon(R.drawable.edituser);
menu.add(0, CALL_ID, 0, R.string.call_user).setShortcut('0', 'd').setIcon(R.drawable.calluser)
.setTitle(this.getResources().getString(R.string.call_user));
menu.add(0, SENDSMS_ID, 0, R.string.sendsms_user).setShortcut('0', 'd').setIcon(R.drawable.sendsms)
.setTitle(this.getResources().getString(R.string.sendsms_user));
return true;
}
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
{
switch (item.getItemId())
{
//刪除
case DELETE_ID:
deleteContact();
finish();
break;
//返回列表
case REVERT_ID:
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
finish();
break;
case EDITOR_ID:
//編輯聯絡人
startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_EDIT, mUri));
break;
case CALL_ID:
//呼叫聯絡人
Intent call = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,Uri.parse("tel:"+mTextViewMobile.getText()));
startActivity(call);
break;
case SENDSMS_ID:
//發簡訊給聯絡人
Intent sms = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO,Uri.parse("smsto:"+mTextViewMobile.getText()));
startActivity(sms);
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
// 刪除聯絡人資訊
private void deleteContact()
{
if (mCursor != null)
{
mCursor.close();
mCursor = null;
getContentResolver().delete(mUri, null, null);
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
}
}
}
資料表定義
package com.yarin.android.MyContacts;
import android.provider.BaseColumns;
//定義資料
public class ContactColumn implements BaseColumns{
public ContactColumn(){}
//列名
public static final String NAME = "name"; //姓名
public static final String MOBILENUM = "mobileNumber";//行動電話
public static final String HOMENUM = "homeNumber"; //家庭電話
public static final String ADDRESS = "address"; //地址
public static final String EMAIL = "email"; //郵箱
public static final String BLOG = "blog"; //部落格
//列 索引值
public static final int _ID_COLUMN = 0;
public static final int NAME_COLUMN = 1;
public static final int MOBILENUM_COLUMN = 2;
public static final int HOMENUM_COLUMN = 3;
public static final int ADDRESS_COLUMN = 4;
public static final int EMAIL_COLUMN = 5;
public static final int BLOG_COLUMN = 6;
//查詢結果
public static final String[] PROJECTION ={
_ID,
NAME,
MOBILENUM,
HOMENUM,
ADDRESS,
EMAIL,
BLOG,
};
}
編輯狀態下的頁面
package com.yarin.android.MyContacts;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class ContactEditor extends Activity{
private static final int STATE_EDIT = 0;
private static final int STATE_INSERT = 1;
private static final int REVERT_ID = Menu.FIRST;
private static final int DISCARD_ID = Menu.FIRST + 1;
private static final int DELETE_ID = Menu.FIRST + 2;
private Cursor mCursor;
private int mState;
private Uri mUri;
private EditText nameText;
private EditText mobileText;
private EditText homeText;
private EditText addressText;
private EditText emailText;
private EditText blogText;
private Button okButton;
private Button cancelButton;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
final Intent intent = getIntent();
final String action = intent.getAction();
//根據action的不同進行不同的操作
//編輯聯絡人
if (Intent.ACTION_EDIT.equals(action))
{
mState = STATE_EDIT;
mUri = intent.getData();
}
else if (Intent.ACTION_INSERT.equals(action))
{
//新增新聯絡人
mState = STATE_INSERT;
mUri = getContentResolver().insert(intent.getData(), null);
if (mUri == null)
{
finish();
return;
}
setResult(RESULT_OK, (new Intent()).setAction(mUri.toString()));
}
else
{
finish();
return;
}
setContentView(R.layout.editorcontacts);
nameText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText01);
mobileText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText02);
homeText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText03);
addressText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText04);
emailText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText05);
blogText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText06);
okButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button01);
cancelButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button02);
okButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
String text = nameText.getText().toString();
if(text.length()==0)
{
//如果沒有輸入東西，則不新增記錄
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
deleteContact();
finish();
}
else
{
//新增一條資料
updateContact();
}
}
});
cancelButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
if(mState == STATE_INSERT)
{
//不新增記錄
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
deleteContact();
finish();
}
else
{
//恢復到編輯前的狀態
backupContact();
}
}
});
// 獲得並儲存原始聯絡人資訊
mCursor = managedQuery(mUri, ContactColumn.PROJECTION, null, null, null);
mCursor.moveToFirst();
}
protected void onResume()
{
super.onResume();
if (mCursor != null)
{
// 讀取並顯示聯絡人資訊
mCursor.moveToFirst();
if (mState == STATE_EDIT)
{
setTitle(getText(R.string.editor_user));
}
else if (mState == STATE_INSERT)
{
setTitle(getText(R.string.add_user));
}
String name = mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.NAME_COLUMN);
String moblie = mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM_COLUMN);
String home = mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.HOMENUM_COLUMN);
String address = mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.ADDRESS_COLUMN);
String email = mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.EMAIL_COLUMN);
String blog = mCursor.getString(ContactColumn.BLOG_COLUMN);
nameText.setText(name);
mobileText.setText(moblie);
homeText.setText(home);
addressText.setText(address);
emailText.setText(email);
blogText.setText(blog);
}
else
{
setTitle("錯誤資訊");
}
}
protected void onPause()
{
super.onPause();
if (mCursor != null)
{
String text = nameText.getText().toString();
if (text.length() == 0)
{
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
deleteContact();
// 更新資訊
}
else
{
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(ContactColumn.NAME, nameText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM, mobileText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.HOMENUM, homeText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.ADDRESS, addressText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.EMAIL, emailText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.BLOG, blogText.getText().toString());
getContentResolver().update(mUri, values, null, null);
}
}
}
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
{
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
if (mState == STATE_EDIT)
{
menu.add(0, REVERT_ID, 0, R.string.revert)
.setShortcut('0', 'r')
.setIcon(R.drawable.listuser);
menu.add(0, DELETE_ID, 0, R.string.delete_user)
.setShortcut('0', 'f')
.setIcon(R.drawable.remove);
}
else
{
menu.add(0, DISCARD_ID, 0, R.string.revert)
.setShortcut('0', 'd')
.setIcon(R.drawable.listuser);
}
return true;
}
//選單處理
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
{
switch (item.getItemId())
{
case DELETE_ID:
deleteContact();
finish();
break;
case DISCARD_ID:
cancelContact();
break;
case REVERT_ID:
backupContact();
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
//刪除聯絡人資訊
private void deleteContact()
{
if (mCursor != null)
{
mCursor.close();
mCursor = null;
getContentResolver().delete(mUri, null, null);
nameText.setText("");
}
}
//丟棄資訊
private void cancelContact()
{
if (mCursor != null)
{
deleteContact();
}
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
finish();
}
//更新 變更的資訊
private void updateContact()
{
if (mCursor != null)
{
mCursor.close();
mCursor = null;
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(ContactColumn.NAME, nameText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM, mobileText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.HOMENUM, homeText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.ADDRESS, addressText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.EMAIL, emailText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.BLOG, blogText.getText().toString());
getContentResolver().update(mUri, values, null, null);
}
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
finish();
}
//取消用，回退到最初的資訊
private void backupContact()
{
if (mCursor != null)
{
mCursor.close();
mCursor = null;
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(ContactColumn.NAME, nameText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.MOBILENUM, mobileText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.HOMENUM, homeText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.ADDRESS, addressText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.EMAIL, emailText.getText().toString());
values.put(ContactColumn.BLOG, blogText.getText().toString());
getContentResolver().update(mUri, values, null, null);
}
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
finish();
}
}