MDN JS學習之json
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-01
json.md
1.json是一種資料傳輸格式,幾乎可以看作是js object, 大體上符合js object物件的語法規範。
之所以說是大體上主要是因為:1.陣列也可以是json物件 2.它只有properties,沒有methods 3.json物件member的name 必須要用雙引號。也就是不用識別符號作為properties,只用string來做properties
2.json的載入
主要是通過XMLHttpRequest的物件來實現的,或者說Ajax
var requestURL = 'https://mdn.github.io/learning-area/javascript/oojs/json/superheroes.json'; var request = new XMLHttpRequest(); request.open('GET', requestURL); request.responseType = 'json'; request.send(); request.onload = function() { var superHeroes = request.response; populateHeader(superHeroes); showHeroes(superHeroes); } function populateHeader(jsonObj) { var myH1 = document.createElement('h1'); myH1.textContent = jsonObj['squadName']; header.appendChild(myH1); var myPara = document.createElement('p'); myPara.textContent = 'Hometown: ' + jsonObj['homeTown'] + ' // Formed: ' + jsonObj['formed']; header.appendChild(myPara); } function showHeroes(jsonObj) { var heroes = jsonObj['members']; for (var i = 0; i < heroes.length; i++) { var myArticle = document.createElement('article'); var myH2 = document.createElement('h2'); var myPara1 = document.createElement('p'); var myPara2 = document.createElement('p'); var myPara3 = document.createElement('p'); var myList = document.createElement('ul'); myH2.textContent = heroes[i].name; myPara1.textContent = 'Secret identity: ' + heroes[i].secretIdentity; myPara2.textContent = 'Age: ' + heroes[i].age; myPara3.textContent = 'Superpowers:'; var superPowers = heroes[i].powers; for (var j = 0; j < superPowers.length; j++) { var listItem = document.createElement('li'); listItem.textContent = superPowers[j]; myList.appendChild(listItem); } myArticle.appendChild(myH2); myArticle.appendChild(myPara1); myArticle.appendChild(myPara2); myArticle.appendChild(myPara3); myArticle.appendChild(myList); section.appendChild(myArticle); } }
3.json和string之間的相互轉換
從string到json:JSON.parse()
request.open('GET', requestURL); request.responseType = 'text'; // now we're getting a string! request.send(); request.onload = function() { var superHeroesText = request.response; // get the string from the response var superHeroes = JSON.parse(superHeroesText); // convert it to an object populateHeader(superHeroes); showHeroes(superHeroes); }
從json到string:JSON.stringify()
var myJSON = { "name": "Chris", "age": "38" };
myJSON
var myString = JSON.stringify(myJSON);
myString