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Maven(二)——Maven管理簡單Web專案例子

Tomcat(一)中的Restaurant專案為例,寫一個用Maven構建Java Web專案的例子。

  • 建立一個資料夾:maven-restaurant

  • 開啟CMD視窗,到maven-restaurant下,執行mvn archetype:generate命令,建立名為Restaurant的Java Web專案:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.meteor -DartifactId=Restaurant -Dpackage=com.meteor -Dversion=1.0.0-SNAPSHOT -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype
-webapp
  • maven-restaurant下生成了Restaurant專案的目錄結構,如圖:
    這裡寫圖片描述

在main下,建立名為java的資料夾,把開發的java檔案放在這個目錄,這也是maven預設的約定。

  • 修改pom.xml檔案
    • 加入Servlet的依賴。
    • 配置maven編譯外掛,maven-compiler-plugin
    • Tomcat外掛,tomcat7-maven-plugn。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation
="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.meteor</groupId> <artifactId>Restaurant</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Restaurant Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>Restaurant</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <port>8181</port> <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding> <finalName>Restaurant</finalName> <server>tomcat</server> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
  • 在java目錄下,建立包,名為com.meteor。
  • 建立BraisedChickenServlet.java類
package com.meteor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class BraisedChickenServlet extends HttpServlet{
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();

        String size = request.getParameter("size");
        String spicy = request.getParameter("spicy");

        if (size == null && size.equals("")) {
            size = "small";
        }

        if (spicy == null && spicy.equals("")) {
            spicy = "no spicy";
        }

        writer.println("<html><body>");
        writer.println("<h1> give me a "+size+" and "+spicy+" chicken</h1>");
        writer.println("</body></html>");
    }
}
  • 修改web.xml檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0">
  <display-name>Restaurant</display-name>
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>choose</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
        com.meteor.BraisedChickenServlet
      </servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>choose</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/choose</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
  • 在webapp下建立BraisedChicken.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Restaurant-BraisedChicken</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1> 今天中午去吃黃燜雞米飯</h1>
</body>
</html>