Apache基本配置
curl -I +域名|ip ##獲取域名或ip的header資訊,包括HTTP返回狀態碼,server型別,文字型別,快取時間等。
1.anpache的安裝
yum install httpd -y
systemctl start httpd
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl enable httpd
systemctl disable firewalld
apache資訊
1.apache的預設釋出檔案
index.html
2.apache的配置檔案
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf
3.apache的預設釋出目錄
/var/www/html
4.apache的預設埠 80
2. apache的基本配置
1.修改預設釋出檔案
1> vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
164 DirectoryIndex westos.html (/var/www/html/westos.html)
2> systemctl restart httpd
2.修改預設釋出目錄
當selinux是disable狀態
1> vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 DocumentRoot "/westos/html"
<Directory "/westos/html">
Require all granted
</Directory>
2> systemctl restart httpd
當selinux是enforcing狀態
1> vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 DocumentRoot "/westos/html"
<Directory "/westos/html">
Require all granted ##允許所有人訪問
</Directory >
2> systemctl restart httpd
3> semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t ‘/westos(/.*)?’ ##修改安全上下文
4> restorecon -RvvF /westos
修改完成重啟服務,可在瀏覽器訪問。
3.apache的訪問控制
設定ip的訪問
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 <Directory "/westos/html"> ##允許所有人訪問/westos/html目錄但是拒絕250主機
Order Allow,Deny ##控制順序,先讀Allow檔案再讀Deny檔案
Allow from All
Deny from 172.25.254.250
</Directory>
120 <Directory "/westos/html"> ##只允許250主機訪問html目錄
Order Deny,Allow
Allow from 172.25.254.250
Deny from All
</Directory>
設定使用者的訪問
1> htpasswd -mc /etc/httpd/conf/userfile admin ##建立認證檔案
New password:
Re-type new password:
當再次新增使用者時 :
htpassword -m
2> vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/westos/html">
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/userfile ##使用者認證檔案
AuthName "Please input your name and password"##使用者認證提示資訊
AuthType basic ##認證型別
Require valid-user ##認證使用者,認證檔案中所有使用者都可以通過
[Require user admin##只允許認證檔案中admin使用者訪問,二寫一]
</Directory>
訪問時需要密碼認證,admin使用者成功登陸
4.apache的虛擬主機
1.定義
可以讓我們的一臺apache伺服器釋出多個預設網頁,在被訪問不同域名的時候顯示不同的主頁
2.建立測試頁
1> mkdir /var/www/westos/news.westos.com -p
mkdir /var/www/westos/game.westos.com -p
2> echo “news.westos.com” >/var/www/westos/news.westos.com/index.html
echo “game.westos.com” >/var/www/westos/game.westos.com/index.html
3.配置
1> vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/default.conf ##未指定域名的訪問都訪問default
<Virtualhost_default_:80> ##虛擬主機開啟的埠
DocumentRoot "/westos/html" ##虛擬主機的預設釋出目錄
CustomLog "logs/default.log" combined ##虛擬主機日誌
</Virtualhost>
2> vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/news.conf ##指定域名news.westos.com的訪問到指定預設釋出目錄中
<Virtualhost *:80>
ServerName news.westos.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/westos/news.westos.com
CustomLog "logs/news.log" combined
</Virtualhost>
<Directory "/var/www/westos/news.westos.com"> ##預設釋出目錄的訪問授權
Require all granted
</Directory>
3> vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/game.conf ##指定域名game.westos.com的訪問到指定預設釋出目錄中
<Virtualhost *:80>
ServerName game.westos.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/westos/game.westos.com
CustomLog "logs/game.log" combined
</Virtualhost>
<Directory "/var/www/westos/game.westos.com"> ##預設釋出目錄的訪問授權
Require all granted
</Directory>
4.測試
在瀏覽器所在主機中修改hosts
vim /etc/hosts
nameserver 172.25.254.229
systemctl restart network
在瀏覽器訪問:
www.westos.com ,在登陸時需要使用者認證是因為之前的設定
news.westos.com
game.westos.com