Android 對全域性程式異常崩潰的捕捉
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-02
以下為異常捕捉處理程式碼：
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.io.Writer; import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import android.content.Context; import android.content.pm.PackageInfo; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Looper; import android.util.Log; import android.widget.Toast; /** * UncaughtException處理類,當程式發生Uncaught異常的時候,有該類來接管程式,並記錄傳送錯誤報告. * * 需要在Application中註冊，為了要在程式啟動器就監控整個程式。 */ public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler { public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler"; //系統預設的UncaughtException處理類 private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler; //CrashHandler例項 private static CrashHandler instance; //程式的Context物件 private Context mContext; //用來儲存裝置資訊和異常資訊 private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>(); //用於格式化日期,作為日誌檔名的一部分 private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss"); /** 保證只有一個CrashHandler例項 */ private CrashHandler() {} /** 獲取CrashHandler例項 ,單例模式 */ public static CrashHandler getInstance() { if(instance == null) instance = new CrashHandler(); return instance; } /** * 初始化 */ public void init(Context context) { mContext = context; //獲取系統預設的UncaughtException處理器 mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(); //設定該CrashHandler為程式的預設處理器 Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this); } /** * 當UncaughtException發生時會轉入該函式來處理 */ @Override public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) { if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) { //如果使用者沒有處理則讓系統預設的異常處理器來處理 mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex); } else { try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e); } //退出程式 android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid()); System.exit(1); } } /** * 自定義錯誤處理,收集錯誤資訊 傳送錯誤報告等操作均在此完成. * * @param ex * @return true:如果處理了該異常資訊;否則返回false. */ private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) { if (ex == null) { return false; } //收集裝置引數資訊 collectDeviceInfo(mContext); //使用Toast來顯示異常資訊 new Thread() { @Override public void run() { Looper.prepare(); Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程式出現異常,即將退出.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); Looper.loop(); } }.start(); //儲存日誌檔案 saveCatchInfo2File(ex); return true; } /** * 收集裝置引數資訊 * @param ctx */ public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) { try { PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager(); PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES); if (pi != null) { String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName; String versionCode = pi.versionCode + ""; infos.put("versionName", versionName); infos.put("versionCode", versionCode); } } catch (NameNotFoundException e) { Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e); } Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { try { field.setAccessible(true); infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString()); Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null)); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e); } } } /** * 儲存錯誤資訊到檔案中 * * @param ex * @return 返回檔名稱,便於將檔案傳送到伺服器 */ private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) { String key = entry.getKey(); String value = entry.getValue(); sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n"); } Writer writer = new StringWriter(); PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer); ex.printStackTrace(printWriter); Throwable cause = ex.getCause(); while (cause != null) { cause.printStackTrace(printWriter); cause = cause.getCause(); } printWriter.close(); String result = writer.toString(); sb.append(result); try { long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); String time = formatter.format(new Date()); String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log"; if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/"; File dir = new File(path); if (!dir.exists()) { dir.mkdirs(); } FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName); fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes()); //傳送給開發人員 sendCrashLog2PM(path+fileName); fos.close(); } return fileName; } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e); } return null; } /** * 將捕獲的導致崩潰的錯誤資訊傳送給開發人員 * * 目前只將log日誌儲存在sdcard 和輸出到LogCat中，並未傳送給後臺。 */ private void sendCrashLog2PM(String fileName){ if(!new File(fileName).exists()){ Toast.makeText(mContext, "日誌檔案不存在！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } FileInputStream fis = null; BufferedReader reader = null; String s = null; try { fis = new FileInputStream(fileName); reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK")); while(true){ s = reader.readLine(); if(s == null) break; //由於目前尚未確定以何種方式傳送，所以先打出log日誌。 Log.i("info", s.toString()); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ // 關閉流 try { reader.close(); fis.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
針對異常的捕捉要進行全域性監控整個專案，所以要將其在Application中註冊(也就是初始化)：
import android.app.Application; public class CrashApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance(); catchHandler.init(getApplicationContext()); } }
現在模擬一個空指標異常：
import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; public class CatchExceptionLogActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private String s; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); System.out.println(s.equals("hello")); // s沒有進行賦值，所以會出現NullPointException異常 } }
別忘了在配置檔案中對Application進行註冊：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.forms.catchlog"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
<span style="color:#ff0000;">android:name=".CrashApplication"></span>
<activity
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:name=".CatchExceptionLogActivity" >
<intent-filter >
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>