1、檢視mysql版本
方法一：status;
方法二：select version();

2、Mysql啟動、停止、重啟常用命令
a、啟動方式
1、使用 service 啟動：
[[email protected] /]# service mysqld start (5.0版本是mysqld)
[[email protected] etc]# service mysql start (5.5.7版本是mysql)

2、使用 mysqld 指令碼啟動：
/etc/inint.d/mysqld start

3、使用 safe_mysqld 啟動：
safe_mysqld&

b、停止

2、使用 mysqld 指令碼啟動：
/etc/inint.d/mysqld stop

3、mysqladmin shutdown

c、重啟
1、使用 service 啟動：
service mysqld restart 
service mysql restart (5.5.7版本命令)

2、使用 mysqld 指令碼啟動：
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

service mysqld stop
Absolute path to 'service' is '/sbin/service', so it might be intended to be run only by user with superuser privileges (eg. root).
-bash: service: command not found

只有管理員才能使用service命令

mysqladmin shutdown
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)'
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' exists!

沒有sock檔案

mysqladmin shutdown -S"/etc/mysock/ad2.sock"
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'ad2'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'

預設使用的linux終端使用者沒有許可權本地訪問資料庫。

查一下mysql.user表，也沒有這個終端使用者。

mysqladmin shutdown -S"/etc/mysock/ad2.sock" -u my_dba
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'my_dba'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'

沒有使用密碼，無法操作

mysqladmin shutdown -S"/etc/mysock/ad2.sock" -u my_dba -p

Enter password: 
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'my_dba'@'localhost' (using password: YES)'

雖然手動輸入了密碼，但是密碼不正確。

輸入正確密碼，一切OK。

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/msock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin  --mysqld=mysqld


161222 16:33:34 mysqld_safe The file /home/build/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation




mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
依舊報相同的錯誤


mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin  
161222 17:01:58 mysqld_safe Logging to '/test/cu_ipsad/data/cu_ipsad/duizhang_phy.err'.
161222 17:01:58 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /test/cu_ipsad/data/cu_ipsad
161222 17:02:03 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /test/cu_ipsad/data/cu_ipsad/duizhang_phy.pid ended
沒有成功


mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/msock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin 
成功
說明必須包含basedir和ledir選項


增加後臺啟動
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin &
成功


mysqladmin shutdown -S'/etc/mysock/ad.sock' -u my_dba -p
成功


mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin >/dev/null 2>&1 &
成功


mysqladmin shutdown -S'/etc/mysock/ad.sock' -u my_dba -p




檢視選項mysqld_safe 

mysqld_safe --help
Usage: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe [OPTIONS]
  --no-defaults              Don't read the system defaults file
  --defaults-file=FILE       Use the specified defaults file
  --defaults-extra-file=FILE Also use defaults from the specified file
  --ledir=DIRECTORY          Look for mysqld in the specified directory
  --open-files-limit=LIMIT   Limit the number of open files
  --core-file-size=LIMIT     Limit core files to the specified size
  --timezone=TZ              Set the system timezone
  --malloc-lib=LIB           Preload shared library LIB if available
  --mysqld=FILE              Use the specified file as mysqld
  --mysqld-version=VERSION   Use "mysqld-VERSION" as mysqld
  --nice=NICE                Set the scheduling priority of mysqld
  --plugin-dir=DIR           Plugins are under DIR or DIR/VERSION, if
                             VERSION is given
  --skip-kill-mysqld         Don't try to kill stray mysqld processes
  --syslog                   Log messages to syslog with 'logger'
  --skip-syslog              Log messages to error log (default)
  --syslog-tag=TAG           Pass -t "mysqld-TAG" to 'logger'


All other options are passed to the mysqld program.