JDK原始碼-HashMap-resize擴容方法(JDK7和JDK8)
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-03
擴容操作可以認為是HashMap原始碼中最複雜的
resize方法的不是public的,不能通過client觸發,所以只能直接進入原始碼檢視
JDK 7
void resize(int newCapacity) {
Entry[] oldTable = table;
int oldCapacity = oldTable.length;
if (oldCapacity == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
return;
}
Entry[] newTable = new Entry[newCapacity] ;
boolean oldAltHashing = useAltHashing;
useAltHashing |= sun.misc.VM.isBooted() &&
(newCapacity >= Holder.ALTERNATIVE_HASHING_THRESHOLD);
boolean rehash = oldAltHashing ^ useAltHashing;//判斷是否需要對原node重新hash定位table的index
transfer(newTable, rehash); //擴容核心方法
table = newTable;
threshold = (int)Math.min(newCapacity * loadFactor, MAXIMUM_CAPACITY + 1);
}
進入 transfer
方法
void transfer(Entry[] newTable, boolean rehash) {
int newCapacity = newTable.length;
for (Entry<K,V> e : table) {//直接遍歷table變數
//連結串列跟table[i]斷裂遍歷,頭部往後遍歷插入到newTable中
while(null != e) {
Entry<K,V> next = e.next;
if (rehash) {
e.hash = null == e.key ? 0 : hash(e.key);
}
int i = indexFor(e.hash, newCapacity);
e.next = newTable[i];
newTable[i] = e;
e = next;
}
}
}
擴容過程總結:
建立一個新的陣列newTable,容量是oldTable的一倍
遍歷oldTable,拿到每個連結串列
遍歷連結串列,頭插法插入newTable
JDK 8
final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
int oldThr = threshold;
int newCap, newThr = 0;
//一系列校驗
if (oldCap > 0) {
if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
return oldTab;
}
else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && //容量翻倍
oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
newThr = oldThr << 1; //擴容閾值也翻倍
}
else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
newCap = oldThr;
else { // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
}
if (newThr == 0) {
float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
(int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
threshold = newThr;
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
table = newTab;
if (oldTab != null) {
for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {//開始遍歷oldTable
Node<K,V> e;
if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
oldTab[j] = null;
if (e.next == null) //table[i]沒值
newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
else if (e instanceof TreeNode) //table[i]是紅黑樹的結構
((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
else { //table[i]是連結串列的結構,擴容後還是保持順序的
Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null; //“低連結串列”的頭和尾,即擴容後的在new table的index和old index是一樣的
Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null; //“高連結串列”的頭和尾,即擴容後的在new table的index是old index的2倍
Node<K,V> next;
do {
next = e.next;
if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {//newTable index == oldTable index
if (loTail == null)
loHead = e;//頭只當初始時才賦值
else
loTail.next = e;//新插入的都到新增到tail中
loTail = e;
}
else {//newTable index == oldTable index * 2
if (hiTail == null)
hiHead = e;//頭只當初始時才賦值
else
hiTail.next = e;//新插入的都到新增到tail中
hiTail = e;
}
} while ((e = next) != null);
if (loTail != null) { //將“低連結串列”新增到newTable中
loTail.next = null;
newTab[j] = loHead;
}
if (hiTail != null) {//將“高連結串列”新增到newTable中
hiTail.next = null;
newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
}
}
}
}
}
return newTab;
}
總結(先針對連結串列操作的總結,紅黑樹的後續文章會寫):
如果是連結串列處理(紅黑樹的後續文章討論),那麼就將oldTable[i]分成高低連結串列,生成後插入到newTable中
對比
JDK7是每拿到一個Node就直接插入到newTable,而JDK8是先插入到高低連結串列中,然後再一次性插入到newTable。
所以連結串列的擴容過程JDK7會出現死迴圈問題,而JDK8避免了這個問題。
JDK8跟原先的連結串列對比Node之間順序是一致的,而JDK7是是反過來的。