Linux程式包管理 rpm/yum
Linux程式包管理
rpm
rpm命令是RPM軟體包的管理工具。rpm原本是Red Hat Linux發行版專門用來管理Linux各項套件的程式
語法
rpm(選項)(引數) rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ... rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ... rpm {-F|--freshen} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ... rpm {-e|--erase} [--allmatches] [--nodeps] [--noscripts] [--test] PACKAGE_NAME ... rpm {-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options] rpm {-V|--verify} [select-options] [verify-options]
選項
-i, --install :安裝 -h:hash marks輸出進度條;每個#表示2%的進度; --test:測試安裝,檢查並報告依賴關係及衝突訊息等; --nodeps:忽略依賴關係;不建議; --replacepkgs:重新安裝; --nosignature:不檢查包簽名信息,不檢查來源合法性; --nodigest:不檢查包完整性資訊; --foce:強制安裝 -U, --update:升級或安裝 -F, --freshen :升級 -oldpackage:降級; --force:強制升級; -e, --erase:解除安裝 --allmatches:解除安裝所有匹配指定名稱的程式包的各版本; --nodeps:忽略依賴關係; --test:測試解除安裝,dry run模式; -q, --query:查詢 [select-options] PACKAGE_NAME:查詢指定的程式包是否已經安裝,及其版本; -a, --all:查詢所有已經安裝過的包; -f FILE:查詢指定的檔案由哪個程式包安裝生成; -p, --package PACKAGE_FILE:用於實現對未安裝的程式包執行查詢操作; --whatprovides CAPABILITY:查詢指定的CAPABILITY由哪個程式包提供; --whatrequires CAPABILITY:查詢指定的CAPABILITY被哪個包所依賴; [query-options] --changelog:查詢rpm包的changlog; -l, --list:程式安裝生成的所有檔案列表; -i, --info:程式包相關的資訊,版本號、大小、所屬的包組,等; -c, --configfiles:查詢指定的程式包提供的配置檔案; -d, --docfiles:查詢指定的程式包提供的文件; --provides:列出指定的程式包提供的所有的CAPABILITY; -R, --requires:查詢指定的程式包的依賴關係; --scripts:檢視程式包自帶的指令碼片斷; -V, --verify:校驗 S file Size differs(檔案大小是否改變) M Mode differs (includes permissions and file type)(檔案的型別或檔案的許可權(rwx)是否被改變) 5 digest (formerly MD5 sum) differs(檔案MD5校驗和是否改變(可看成檔案內容是否改變)) D Device major/minor number mismatch(裝置的中,從程式碼是否改變) L readLink(2) path mismatch(檔案路徑是否改變) U User ownership differs(檔案的屬主(所有者)是否改變) G Group ownership differs(檔案的屬組是否改變) T mTime differs(檔案的修改時間是否改變) P caPabilities differ --initdb:初始化資料庫,當前無任何資料庫可實始化建立一個新的;當前有時不執行任何操作; --rebuilddb:重新構建,通過讀取當前系統上所有已經安裝過的程式包進行重新建立;
引數
- 程式
- 安裝檔案
例項
安裝檔案
安裝檔案顯示程序和詳情 -ivh
[[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7 ################################# [100%]
強制安裝,忽略依賴包 -ivh --force -- nodeps
[[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -ivh --force --nodeps zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:zabbix-rele
測試安裝 --test
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivh --test /tmp/zabbix/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: /tmp/zabbix/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep zabbix [[email protected] ~]#
查詢
根據軟體名查詢安裝包版本資訊 -q
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -q wget wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64
查詢所有安裝的軟體 -qa
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa pciutils-3.5.1-1.el7.x86_64 centos-release-7-3.1611.el7.centos.x86_64 dracut-network-033-463.el7.x86_64 filesystem-3.2-21.el7.x86_64 lvm2-libs-2.02.166-1.el7.x86_64 tzdata-2016g-2.el7.noarch ......
根據軟體名查詢詳細資訊 -qi
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qi wget Name : wget Version : 1.14 Release : 15.el7_4.1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Thu 29 Mar 2018 10:19:23 PM CST Group : Applications/Internet Size : 2055533 ............
根據檔案查詢軟體包 -qf
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qf /usr/share/doc/zabbix-release-3.4 zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch
根據軟體名查詢所有的安裝路徑 -ql
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql wget /etc/wgetrc /usr/bin/wget /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14 /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/COPYING /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/MAILING-LIST /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/NEWS /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/README /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/sample.wgetrc ........
查詢包的依賴關係 -qR or -q --requiress
rpm -qR wget /bin/sh /bin/sh /sbin/install-info /sbin/install-info config(wget) = 1.14-15.el7_4.1 libc.so.6()(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.11)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.14)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.15)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.17)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4)(64bit) ......
根據軟體名查詢配置檔案 -qc
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qc wget /etc/wgetrc
根據軟體名查詢說明文件 -qd
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qd wget /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/COPYING /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/MAILING-LIST /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/NEWS /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/README /usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/sample.wgetrc /usr/share/info/wget.info.gz /usr/share/man/man1/wget.1.gz
根據軟體名查詢版本更新日誌 -q --changelog
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -q --changelog wget | less * Tue Oct 24 2017 Tomas Hozza <[email protected]> - 1.14-15.1 - Fixed various security flaws (CVE-2017-13089, CVE-2017-13090) * Fri May 05 2017 Tomas Hozza <[email protected]> - 1.14-15 - Added TLSv1_1 and TLSv1_2 as secure-protocol values to help (#1439811) - Fixed synchronization in randomly failing unit test Test-proxied-https-auth (#1448440) * Wed Apr 12 2017 Tomas Hozza <[email protected]> - 1.14-14 - TLS v1.1 and v1.2 can now be specified with --secure-protocol option (#1439811)
根據軟體名查詢軟體包提供的能力
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -q --provides wget bundled(gnulib) config(wget) = 1.14-15.el7_4.1 webclient wget = 1.14-15.el7_4.1 wget(x86-64) = 1.14-15.el7_4.1
根據安裝包查詢程式詳細資訊
[[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -qpi zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY Name : zabbix-release Version : 3.4 Release : 2.el7 Architecture: noarch Install Date: (not installed) Group : System Environment/Base .........
根據安裝包查詢程式所有的安裝的路徑
[[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -qpl zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591 /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo /usr/share/doc/zabbix-release-3.4 /usr/share/doc/zabbix-release-3.4/GPL
升級
升級安裝,覆蓋安裝 -Uvh
[[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -Uvh zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] package zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch is already installed
只升級
[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -Fvh zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm warning: zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY
解除安裝
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -evh zabbix-release
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Cleaning up / removing...
1:zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7 ################################# [100%]
軟體校驗
修改wget配置檔案,後進行校驗
[[email protected] zabbix]# rpm -V wget S.5....T. c /etc/wgetrc
包來源合法性驗正和完整性驗正CentOS發行版
匯入證書:
[[email protected] ~]# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
驗證:
(1) 安裝此組織簽名的程式時,會自動執行驗正;
(2) 手動驗正:rpm -K PACKAGE_FILE
重建資料路
rpm資料庫路徑 /var/lib/rpm/
[[email protected] ~]# ll /var/lib/rpm total 37792 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1261568 Mar 30 02:08 Basenames -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8192 Mar 28 07:14 Conflictname -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 270336 Mar 30 02:48 __db.001 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 81920 Mar 30 02:48 __db.002 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1318912 Mar 30 02:48 __db.003 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 425984 Mar 30 02:08 Dirnames -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12288 Mar 30 02:08 Group -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12288 Mar 30 02:08 Installtid -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 24576 Mar 30 02:08 Name -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16384 Mar 28 07:14 Obsoletename -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 33591296 Mar 30 02:08 Packages -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1609728 Mar 30 02:08 Providename -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 131072 Mar 29 22:19 Requirename -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40960 Mar 30 02:08 Sha1header -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 24576 Mar 30 02:08 Sigmd5 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8192 Mar 28 07:14 Triggername
初始化資料庫
[[email protected] ~]# rpm --initdb
重構資料庫
[[email protected] ~]# rpm --rebuilddb
yum
yum命令是在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中基於rpm的軟體包管理器,它可以使系統管理人員互動和自動化地更細與管理RPM軟體包,能夠從指定的伺服器自動下載RPM包並且安裝,可以自動處理依賴性關係,並且一次安裝所有依賴的軟體包,無須繁瑣地一次次下載、安裝。
語法
yum(選項)(引數)
選項
-y:對所有的提問都回答“yes”;
-c:指定配置檔案;
-q:安靜模式;
-v:詳細模式;
-C:完全從快取中執行,而不去下載或者更新任何標頭檔案。
引數
install:安裝rpm軟體包;
update:更新rpm軟體包;
check-update:檢查是否有可用的更新rpm軟體包;
remove:刪除指定的rpm軟體包;
list:顯示軟體包的資訊;
search:檢查軟體包的資訊;
info:顯示指定的rpm軟體包的描述資訊和概要資訊;
clean:清理yum過期的快取;
shell:進入yum的shell提示符;
resolvedep:顯示rpm軟體包的依賴關係;
localinstall:安裝本地的rpm軟體包;
localupdate:顯示本地rpm軟體包進行更新;
deplist:顯示rpm軟體包的所有依賴關係。
repolist[all|enabled|disabled]:顯示倉庫列表
配置檔案
/etc/yum.conf:為所有倉庫提供公共配置
/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo:為倉庫的指向提供配置
倉庫指向的定義
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
......
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
......
定義如下:
[repositoryID]
name=Some name for this repository
baseurl=url://path/to/repository/
enabled={1|0} :啟用
gpgcheck={1|0}:校驗
gpgkey=URL:校驗key地址
enablegroups={1|0}
failovermethod={roundrobin|priority}
預設為:roundrobin,意為隨機挑選;
cost=
預設為1000
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
$releasever:表示當前系統的發行版本,可以通過rpm -qi centos-release 或 rpm -q --qf %{version} centos-release;echo
$basearch:系統硬體架構,使用命令arch得到 或rpm -q --qf %{arch} centos-release;echo
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qi centos-release
Name : centos-release
Version : 7
Release : 3.1611.el7.centos
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Wed 28 Mar 2018 06:44:22 AM CST
Group : System Environment/Base
Size : 37000
License : GPLv2
Signature : RSA/SHA256, Wed 30 Nov 2016 02:57:12 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM : centos-release-7-3.1611.el7.centos.src.rpm
Build Date : Wed 30 Nov 2016 02:12:59 AM CST
Build Host : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor : CentOS
Summary : CentOS Linux release file
Description :
CentOS Linux release files
其中Version : 7就是系統版本號
[[email protected] ~]# arch
x86_64
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -q --qf %{version} centos-release;echo
7
[[email protected]st ~]# rpm -q --qf %{arch} centos-release;echo
x86_64
例項
顯示倉庫列表 -repolist[all|enabled|disabled]
[[email protected] ~]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com repo id repo name status base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 9,591 extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 446 updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com 2,416
顯示程式包 -list
yum list all //顯示所有程式包 yum list installed //顯示已安裝的程式包 yum list updates //顯示已升級的程式包 yum list available //顯示可安裝的程式包 [[email protected] ~]# yum list avaiable httpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Available Packages httpd.x86_64 2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 updates
安裝程式 install
yum install -y httpd
重新安裝 reinstall
yum reinstall -y httpd
升級程式包 update
yum update httpd
降級程式包 downgrade
yum downgrade httpd
檢查可用升級 check-update
yum check-update
解除安裝程式包 remove
yum remove httpd
檢視程式詳細資訊 info
[[email protected] ~]# yum info wget Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Installed Packages Name : wget Arch : x86_64 Version : 1.14 Release : 15.el7_4.1 Size : 2.0 M Repo : installed From repo : updates Summary : A utility for retrieving files using the HTTP or FTP protocols URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/ License : GPLv3+ Description : GNU Wget is a file retrieval utility which can use either the HTTP or : FTP protocols. Wget features include the ability to work in the : background while you are logged out, recursive retrieval of : directories, file name wildcard matching, remote file timestamp : storage and comparison, use of Rest with FTP servers and Range with : HTTP servers to retrieve files over slow or unstable connections, : support for Proxy servers, and configurability.
檢視指定的特性是由哪些程式包提供的 provides
[[email protected] ~]# yum provides httpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : base httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.2.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : updates httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.5.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : updates httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : updates
清理本地快取 clean
[[email protected] ~]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Cleaning repos: base extras updates Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
構建快取 makecache
yum makecache
根據程式查詢程式包名稱 search
[[email protected] ~]# yum search httpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ============================================== N/S matched: httpd =============================================== keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch : Tools to configure Apache HTTPD as Keycloak client libmicrohttpd-devel.i686 : Development files for libmicrohttpd libmicrohttpd-devel.x86_64 : Development files for libmicrohttpd libmicrohttpd-doc.noarch : Documentation for libmicrohttpd python2-keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch : Tools to configure Apache HTTPD as Keycloak client httpd.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server httpd-devel.x86_64 : Development interfaces for the Apache HTTP server httpd-manual.noarch : Documentation for the Apache HTTP server httpd-tools.x86_64 : Tools for use with the Apache HTTP Server libmicrohttpd.i686 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications libmicrohttpd.x86_64 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications mod_auth_mellon.x86_64 : A SAML 2.0 authentication module for the Apache Httpd Server mod_dav_svn.x86_64 : Apache httpd module for Subversion server
檢視指定包所依賴的capabilities:deplist
[[email protected] ~]# yum deplist wget Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com package: wget.x86_64 1.14-15.el7_4.1 dependency: /bin/sh provider: bash.x86_64 4.2.46-29.el7_4 dependency: /sbin/install-info provider: info.x86_64 5.1-4.el7 dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.17)(64bit) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-196.el7_4.2 dependency: libcrypto.so.10()(64bit) provider: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-8.el7 dependency: libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) provider: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-8.el7 dependency: libdl.so.2()(64bit) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-196.el7_4.2 dependency: libidn.so.11()(64bit) provider: libidn.x86_64 1.28-4.el7 dependency: libidn.so.11(LIBIDN_1.0)(64bit) provider: libidn.x86_64 1.28-4.el7 dependency: libpcre.so.1()(64bit) provider: pcre.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 dependency: libssl.so.10()(64bit) provider: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-8.el7 dependency: libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) provider: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-8.el7 dependency: libuuid.so.1()(64bit) provider: libuuid.x86_64 2.23.2-43.el7_4.2 dependency: libuuid.so.1(UUID_1.0)(64bit) provider: libuuid.x86_64 2.23.2-43.el7_4.2 dependency: libz.so.1()(64bit) provider: zlib.x86_64 1.2.7-17.el7 dependency: rtld(GNU_HASH) provider: glibc.x86_64 2.17-196.el7_4.2 provider: glibc.i686 2.17-196.el7_4.2
檢視yum事務歷史
[[email protected] ~]# yum history Loaded plugins: fastestmirror ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 | root <root> | 2018-04-01 18:28 | Erase | 1 7 | root <root> | 2018-04-01 18:06 | Reinstall | 1 6 | root <root> | 2018-04-01 17:47 | Install | 5 5 | root <root> | 2017-12-31 19:17 | Install | 1 4 | root <root> | 2017-12-26 22:31 | Install | 31 3 | root <root> | 2017-12-25 22:30 | I, U | 25 2 | root <root> | 2017-12-25 21:58 | Install | 1 1 | System <unset> | 2017-12-23 22:03 | Install | 356
包組相關命令
顯示包組 grouplist
[[email protected] ~]# yum grouplist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Available Environment Groups: Minimal Install Compute Node Infrastructure Server File and Print Server Basic Web Server Virtualization Host Server with GUI GNOME Desktop KDE Plasma Workspaces Development and Creative Workstation Available Groups: Compatibility Libraries Console Internet Tools Development Tools Graphical Administration Tools Legacy UNIX Compatibility Scientific Support Security Tools Smart Card Support System Administration Tools System Management Done
檢視包組資訊 groupinfo
[[email protected] ~]# yum groupinfo Development Tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Group: Development Tools Group-Id: development Description: A basic development environment. Mandatory Packages: +autoconf +automake binutils +bison +flex +gcc +gcc-c++ gettext +libtool make +patch pkgconfig +redhat-rpm-config +rpm-build +rpm-sign Default Packages: +byacc ......
安裝包組 groupinstall
yum groupinstall Development Tools
更新包組 groupupdate
yum groupupdate Development Tools
移除包組 groupremove
yum groupremove Development Tools
綜合例項
配置阿里雲epel源
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cat Centos-epel.repo [epel] name=CentOS-$releasever - epel - mirrors.aliyun.com baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enalbed=1 [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com repo id repo name status base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 9,591 epel/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - epel - mirrors.aliyun.com 12,454 extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 446 updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com 2,416
配置本地yum源,以/tmp/os為原始檔
[[email protected] os]# ll total 42964 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 43988984 Jan 13 2017 java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7_3.x86_64.rpm [[email protected] os]# createrepo /tmp/os //建立repodata Spawning worker 0 with 1 pkgs Workers Finished Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete [[email protected] os]# ll total 42964 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 43988984 Jan 13 2017 java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el7_3.x86_64.rpm drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 1 20:04 repodata [[email protected] os]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Local.repo [local] name=CentOS-$releasever - local baseurl=file:///tmp/os enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [[email protected] os]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com repo id repo name status base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 9,591 epel/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - epel - mirrors.aliyun.com 12,454 extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 446 local CentOS-7 - local 1 updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com 2,416 repolist: 24,908 [[email protected] os]#
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