Hibernate 進階(12)HQL常用語句彙總
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-04
// HQL: Hibernate Query Language. // 特點: // >> 1,與SQL相似,SQL中的語法基本上都可以直接使用。 // >> 2,SQL查詢的是表和表中的列;HQL查詢的是物件與物件中的屬性。 // >> 3,HQL的關鍵字不區分大小寫,類名與屬性名是區分大小寫的。 // >> 4,SELECT可以省略. // 1,簡單的查詢,Employee為實體名而不是資料庫中的表名(面向物件特性) hql = "FROM Employee"; hql = "FROM Employee AS e"; // 使用別名 hql = "FROM Employee e"; // 使用別名,as關鍵字可省略 // 2,帶上過濾條件的(可以使用別名):Where hql = "FROM Employee WHERE id<10"; hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10"; hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 AND e.id>5"; // 3,帶上排序條件的:Order By hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 ORDER BY e.name"; hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 ORDER BY e.name DESC"; hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 ORDER BY e.name DESC, id ASC"; // 4,指定select子句(不可以使用select *) hql = "SELECT e FROM Employee e"; // 相當於"FROM Employee e" hql = "SELECT e.name FROM Employee e"; // 只查詢一個列,返回的集合的元素型別就是這個屬性的型別 hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name FROM Employee e"; // 查詢多個列,返回的集合的元素型別是Object陣列 hql = "SELECT new Employee(e.id,e.name) FROM Employee e"; // 可以使用new語法,指定把查詢出的部分屬性封裝到物件中 // 5,執行查詢,獲得結果(list、uniqueResult、分頁 ) Query query = session.createQuery("FROM Employee e WHERE id<3"); query.setFirstResult(0); query.setMaxResults(10); // 等同於 limit 0,10 //兩種查詢結果list、uniqueResult // List list = query.list(); // 查詢的結果是一個List集合 // Employee employee = (Employee) query.uniqueResult();// 查詢的結果是唯一的一個結果,當結果有多個,就會拋異常 // 6,方法鏈 List list = session.createQuery(// "FROM Employee e")// .setFirstResult(0)// .setMaxResults(10)// .list(); // 7,聚集函式:count(), max(), min(), avg(), sum() hql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Employee"; // 返回的結果是Long型的 hql = "SELECT min(id) FROM Employee"; // 返回的結果是id屬性的型別 //8,分組: Group By ... Having hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) FROM Employee e GROUP BY e.name"; hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) FROM Employee e GROUP BY e.name HAVING count(e.id)>1"; hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) FROM Employee e WHERE id<9 GROUP BY e.name HAVING count(e.id)>1"; hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) " + // "FROM Employee e " + // "WHERE id<9 " + // "GROUP BY e.name " + // "HAVING count(e.id)>1 " + // "ORDER BY count(e.id) ASC"; hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) AS c " + // "FROM Employee e " + // "WHERE id<9 " + // "GROUP BY e.name " + // "HAVING count(e.id)>1 " + // 在having子句中不能使用列別名 "ORDER BY c ASC"; // 在orderby子句中可以使用列別名 // 9,連線查詢 / HQL是面向物件的查詢 //>> 內連線(inner關鍵字可以省略) hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e JOIN e.department d"; hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e INNER JOIN e.department d"; //>> 左外連線(outer關鍵字可以省略) hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e LEFT OUTER JOIN e.department d"; //>> 右外連線(outer關鍵字可以省略) hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e RIGHT JOIN e.department d"; //可以使用更方便的方法 hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,e.department.name FROM Employee e"; // 10,查詢時使用引數 // >> 方式一:使用'?'佔位 hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE id BETWEEN ? AND ?"; List list2 = session.createQuery(hql)// .setParameter(0, 5)// 設定引數,第1個引數的索引為0。 .setParameter(1, 15)// .list(); // >> 方式二:使用變數名 hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE id BETWEEN :idMin AND :idMax"; List list3 = session.createQuery(hql)// .setParameter("idMax", 15)// .setParameter("idMin", 5)// .list(); // 當引數是集合時,一定要使用setParameterList()設定引數值 hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE id IN (:ids)"; List list4 = session.createQuery(hql)// .setParameterList("ids", new Object[] { 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 100 })// .list(); // 11,update與delete,不會通知Session快取 // >> Update int result = session.createQuery(// "UPDATE Employee e SET e.name=? WHERE id>15")// .setParameter(0, "無名氏")// .executeUpdate(); // 返回int型的結果,表示影響了多少行。 // >> Delete int result1 = session.createQuery(// "DELETE FROM Employee e WHERE id>15")// .executeUpdate(); // 返回int型的結果,表示影響了多少行。
另外推薦兩篇:http://carolli.iteye.com/blog/909542
http://www.cnblogs.com/zilong882008/archive/2011/11/05/2237123.html
http://www.360doc.com/content/14/0407/01/7669533_366908015.shtml
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_ba1bed340101lvx1.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/mabaishui/archive/2009/10/16/1584510.html
where語句:
http://blog.csdn.net/syf1970/article/details/52398681