SSH JavaWeb學生資訊管理系統實現
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-04
上週週末斷網。。。。。無聊的時候寫的demo，SSH的。
SIMS(Student Information Management System，學生資訊管理系統) 包括登入、學生資訊錄入，修改，刪除，查詢，資料批量匯出等等功能。
開發環境：Eclipse ,jdk1.6
框架：SpringMvc+Hibernate(ORM工具)
前臺：JSP
資料庫：MySQL
眾所周知，Spring配置是相當頭疼的，後面儘量用Springboot寫一下(當然得先學，省去自己配製還是相當方便的)。本來想把專案原始碼放到Github上面，
但是還要自己配置，就懶得放了。。。
話不多說，先看下目錄結構：
配置檔案有三個，Springmvc.xml，applicationContext.xml,web.xml;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>SIMS</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <async-supported>true</async-supported> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> <async-supported>true</async-supported> <init-param> <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name> <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>loginFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.SIMS.controller.LoginFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>loginFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
跟普通的web.xml一樣，多了一個簡單的過濾器，功能是判斷當前使用者是否登陸過。有的話放行，沒有的話讓其跳轉到登入介面。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="/WEB-INF/config/resources.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"/> <!-- 掃描註解Bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="org.**.service,org.**.dao"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- apache dbcp連線池配置--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${connection.driverClassName}"></property> <property name="url" value="${connection.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${connection.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${connection.password}"/> </bean> <!-- SessionFactory配置 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="packagesToScan" value="org.**.domain"/> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> <!-- 只掃描class檔案，不掃描hbm，預設兩個都搜尋 --> <prop key="hibernate.archive.autodetection">class</prop> <!-- 不檢查@NamedQuery --> <prop key="hibernate.query.startup_check">false</prop> <prop key="hibernate.query.substitutions">${hibernate.query.substitutions}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.default_batch_fetch_size">${hibernate.default_batch_fetch_size}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.max_fetch_depth">${hibernate.max_fetch_depth}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.generate_statistics">${hibernate.generate_statistics}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer">${hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer}</prop> </props> </property> <property name="namingStrategy"> <bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" /> </property> </bean> <!-- 事務管理 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- 事務註解 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> </beans>
上面這個applicationContext.xml是配置一些bean，主要包括資料庫，事務管理，上傳檔案等等。
SpringMvc的話功能主要是掃描註解，對映處理器，檢視解析器，靜態資源對映等等。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 開啟controller註解支援 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.**.controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 註冊DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapte -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="redirect:/index"/>
<!-- 當在web.xml 中 DispatcherServlet使用 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 對映時，能對映靜態資源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 靜態資源對映 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/"/>
<!-- 預設的檢視解析器 在上邊的解析錯誤時使用 (預設使用html)- -->
<bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="contentType" value="text/html"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>有了這幾個檔案，就可以完成Mvc的操作了，前臺發起交易，後臺處理完成返回檢視經過檢視解析器處理得到一個JSP頁面。
這個系統有兩種角色，Administrator和Student，由於是簡單的demo，我就沒給註冊介面，手動添加了管理員資訊入庫，然後過濾器實現登入過濾，登入過濾如下：
package org.SIMS.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.SIMS.domain.Administrator;
/**
* Servlet Filter implementation class LoginFilter
*/
@WebFilter("/LoginFilter")
public class LoginFilter implements Filter {
/**
* Default constructor.
*/
public LoginFilter() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see Filter#destroy()
*/
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
/**
* @see Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
*/
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// place your code here
HttpServletRequest req= (HttpServletRequest)request;
HttpServletResponse res= (HttpServletResponse)response;
String url = req.getRequestURI();
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
Administrator ad = (Administrator) session.getAttribute("Admin");
System.out.println(session.getAttribute("Admin"));
if(ad!=null || url.endsWith("login")||url.endsWith(".css")||url.endsWith(".js")||url.endsWith("gakki.png")||url.endsWith("loginfmbg.png")||url.endsWith("SSH_market/")){//第一次登入的話放行，不然跳轉至登陸頁面
// pass the request along the filter chain
chain.doFilter(req, res);
}else{
//未登入的話就跳轉至登陸頁面
req.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(req, res);
}
}
/**
* @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)
*/
public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
下面以登入為例，請求到後臺，dispatchServlet分發請求，HandlerMapping來處理對映，根據前臺發的交易名字去找註解為"/login/login"的方法，即下面的Controller中的login方法。找到之後進行操作，完成返回檢視，經viewResolver渲染得到JSP檔案來展示。
package org.SIMS.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.SIMS.domain.Administrator;
import org.SIMS.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/login")
public class LoginController {
@Autowired
private StudentService studentservice;
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String pwd =request.getParameter("pwd");
Administrator ad = studentservice.getAdmin(name,pwd);
if(ad==null){
//失敗的情況，跳轉失敗頁面要麼重新登入
System.out.println("沒有該使用者!");
}
request.getSession().setAttribute("Admin", ad);
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}
程式碼就不一一羅列了，相信大家應該會。登陸進去之後，就是普通的CRUD操作了，我不會寫介面，難看了別罵我。。。。
CRUD就是普通的前臺發起交易，後臺Controller-service-dao呼叫完成之後生成檢視用檢視解析器解析之後返回jsp頁面作展示。
下面是登入介面：
登陸進來之後，是首頁：
選中某個記錄進行編輯：
修改完電話號碼身份證號之後更新如圖：
然後是各按條件查詢的功能：
查詢完了結果如下：
資料批量匯出：
其它功能就不一一羅列了。
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看完《李狗嗨》和《逃避可恥但有用》，簡直太好看了，被gakki萌化了,好看！！！