PostgreSQL 多個數組聚合為一維陣列加速(array_agg)
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-05
標籤
PostgreSQL , array_agg , arragg
背景
多個數組聚合為一維陣列,求PC。業務背景見:
由於PostgreSQL內建的聚合函式array_agg支援的陣列聚合實際上是將多個數組聚合為多維陣列。並不是一維陣列。
例如:
postgres=# select array_agg(arr) from (values(array[1,2,3]), (array[4,5,6])) t(arr);
array_agg
-------------------
{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}
(1 row)
而實際上我們要的是一維陣列的結果
{1,2,3,4,5,6}
此時需要自定義一個聚合函式
create aggregate arragg (anyarray) (sfunc = array_cat, stype=anyarray, PARALLEL=safe);
效果如下
postgres=# select arragg(arr) from (values(array[1,2,3]), (array[4,5,6])) t(arr);
arragg
---------------
{1,2,3,4,5,6}
(1 row)
但是這個新加的聚合用到了array_cat,大量的memcpy導致效能並不好。
array_agg效能對比arragg
聚合100萬個元素.
1、array_agg,耗時0.14秒
postgres=# explain (analyze,verbose,timing,costs,buffers) select array_agg(array[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]) from generate_series(1,100000);
QUERY PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aggregate (cost=12.50 ..12.51 rows=1 width=32) (actual time=113.134..113.134 rows=1 loops=1)
Output: array_agg('{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}'::integer[])
-> Function Scan on pg_catalog.generate_series (cost=0.00..10.00 rows=1000 width=0) (actual time=53.585..66.200 rows=100000 loops=1)
Output: generate_series
Function Call: generate_series(1, 100000)
Planning time: 0.064 ms
Execution time: 143.075 ms
(7 rows)
2、arragg(use array_cat),耗時108.15秒
postgres=# explain (analyze,verbose,timing,costs,buffers) select arragg(array[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]) from generate_series(1,100000);
QUERY PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aggregate (cost=12.50..12.51 rows=1 width=32) (actual time=108081.186..108081.186 rows=1 loops=1)
Output: arragg('{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}'::integer[])
-> Function Scan on pg_catalog.generate_series (cost=0.00..10.00 rows=1000 width=0) (actual time=11.121..81.467 rows=100000 loops=1)
Output: generate_series
Function Call: generate_series(1, 100000)
Planning time: 0.148 ms
Execution time: 108154.846 ms
(7 rows)
3、unnest聚合,耗時0.59秒
postgres=# explain (analyze,verbose,timing,costs,buffers) select array(select unnest(array[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]) from generate_series(1,100000));
QUERY PLAN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Result (cost=517.50..517.51 rows=1 width=32) (actual time=520.327..520.327 rows=1 loops=1)
Output: $0
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
-> ProjectSet (cost=0.00..517.50 rows=100000 width=4) (actual time=11.979..223.223 rows=1000000 loops=1)
Output: unnest('{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}'::integer[])
-> Function Scan on pg_catalog.generate_series (cost=0.00..10.00 rows=1000 width=0) (actual time=11.972..27.014 rows=100000 loops=1)
Output: generate_series
Function Call: generate_series(1, 100000)
Planning time: 0.082 ms
Execution time: 590.976 ms
(10 rows)