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Android中解析Json_fastJson

首先建立兩個實體類,Student.java 和 Teacher.java 

Student.java 和Teacher.java 的程式碼如下:

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. package com.android.fastjson.bean;  
  2. publicclass Student {  
  3.     privateint id;  
  4.     private String name;  
  5.     privateint age;  
  6.     /** 
  7.      * 預設的構造方法必須不能省,不然不能解析 
  8.      */
  9.     public Student(){  
  10.     }  
  11.     public Student(int id,String name,int age) {  
  12.         this.id = id;  
  13.         this.name = name;  
  14.         this.age = age;  
  15.     }  
  16.     publicint getId() {  
  17.         return id;  
  18.     }  
  19.     publicvoid setId(int id) {  
  20.         this.id = id;  
  21.     }  
  22.     public String getName() {  
  23.         return name;  
  24.     }  
  25.     publicvoid setName(String name) {  
  26.         this.name = name;  
  27.     }  
  28.     publicint getAge() {  
  29.         return age;  
  30.     }  
  31.     publicvoid setAge(int age) {  
  32.         this.age = age;  
  33.     }  
  34.     @Override
  35.     public String toString() {  
  36.         return"Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age="
     + age + "]";  
  37.     }  
  38. }  
package com.android.fastjson.bean;

public class Student {
	
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	
	/**
	 * 預設的構造方法必須不能省,不然不能解析
	 */
	
	public Student(){
		
	}
	public Student(int id,String name,int age) {
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	
}

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. package com.android.fastjson.bean;  
  2. import java.util.List;  
  3. publicclass Teacher {  
  4.     privateint id;  
  5.     private String name;  
  6.     private List<Student> students;  
  7.     /** 
  8.      * 預設的構造方法必須不能省,不然不能解析 
  9.      */
  10.     public Teacher() {  
  11.     }  
  12.     public Teacher(int id,String name) {  
  13.         this.id = id;  
  14.         this.name = name;  
  15.     }  
  16.     publicint getId() {  
  17.         return id;  
  18.     }  
  19.     publicvoid setId(int id) {  
  20.         this.id = id;  
  21.     }  
  22.     public String getName() {  
  23.         return name;  
  24.     }  
  25.     publicvoid setName(String name) {  
  26.         this.name = name;  
  27.     }  
  28.     public List<Student> getStudents() {  
  29.         return students;  
  30.     }  
  31.     publicvoid setStudents(List<Student> students) {  
  32.         this.students = students;  
  33.     }  
  34.     @Override
  35.     public String toString() {  
  36.         return"Teacher [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", mStudents="
  37.                 + students + "]";  
  38.     }  
  39. }  
package com.android.fastjson.bean;

import java.util.List;

public class Teacher {
	
	private int id;
	private String name;
	
	private List<Student> students;
	

	/**
	 * 預設的構造方法必須不能省,不然不能解析
	 */
	public Teacher() {
		
	}
	public Teacher(int id,String name) {
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public List<Student> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}
	public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Teacher [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", mStudents="
				+ students + "]";
	}
	
	
}

上面 的程式碼比較簡單,主要就幾個屬性,這裡值得注意的是, 預設的建構函式一定要寫,不然是無法解析的。(對於fastjson 嚴格按照JavaBean的規範來,有一點不對就無法解析,這裡一定要切記,每一個實體類的屬性的get , set 方法必須寫,切方法第四個字母必須大寫,最好使用Eclipse的source->genreal setters and getters 生成get,set 方法,切記,切記 )。對於Gson 這裡就沒有這麼多的要求了,但最好還是按照JavaBean來寫,避免一些位置的錯誤。

上面主要基本的介紹完了,就開始解析,首先要下載fastjson 和Gson的jar包,這個網上很多請自行下載。

首先看 fastjson 的解析

首先解析一個實體類為json 格式。

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  1. Student student = new Student(0, "Aaron", 24);  
  2.         System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(student));  
Student student = new Student(0, "Aaron", 24);
		System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(student));
[html] view plaincopyprint?
  1. 輸出結果為:{"age":24,"id":0,"name":"Aaron"}  
輸出結果為:{"age":24,"id":0,"name":"Aaron"}
輸出的json格式與我們的Student中定義的屬性其實是不一致的,這個其實不影響我們生成以及後面的解析,因為他有嚴格的get和set方法定義。

更復雜一點的資料型別也可以很方便的使用JSON.toJsonString(Object o) 這個方法進行解析成json格式。

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();  
  2.         for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {  
  3.             Student stu = new Student(i, "Student" + i, 18 +i);   
  4.             students.add(stu);  
  5.         }  
List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
		for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
			Student stu = new Student(i, "Student" + i, 18 +i); 
			students.add(stu);
		}
解析結果為: [plain] view plaincopyprint?
  1. [{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"},{"age":20,"id":2,"name":"Student2"},{"age":21,"id":3,"name":"Student3"},{"age":22,"id":4,"name":"Student4"}]  
[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"},{"age":20,"id":2,"name":"Student2"},{"age":21,"id":3,"name":"Student3"},{"age":22,"id":4,"name":"Student4"}]
   我們來看看更復雜一點的結構。  我們將一個Teacher 列表來解析,一個Teacher物件中是包含Student 列表的這個也在我們常用的資料模型,下面看看程式碼: [java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. List<Teacher> teaList = new ArrayList<Teacher>();  
  2.         long time = System.currentTimeMillis();  
  3.         for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {  
  4.             Teacher teacher = new Teacher(i, "Teacher " + i);  
  5.             List<Student> stus = new ArrayList<Student>();  
  6.             for(int j = 0 ;j<4;j++) {  
  7.                 Student s = new Student(j, "Student" + j, 18 +j);   
  8.                 stus.add(s);  
  9.             }  
  10.             teacher.setStudents(stus);  
  11.             teaList.add(teacher);  
  12.         }  
  13.         String jsonTeach = JSON.toJSONString(teaList);  
  14.         System.out.println("fastjson = " + jsonTeach);  
List<Teacher> teaList = new ArrayList<Teacher>();
		long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
		for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
			Teacher teacher = new Teacher(i, "Teacher " + i);
			List<Student> stus = new ArrayList<Student>();
			for(int j = 0 ;j<4;j++) {
				Student s = new Student(j, "Student" + j, 18 +j); 
				stus.add(s);
			}
			teacher.setStudents(stus);
			teaList.add(teacher);
		}
		String jsonTeach = JSON.toJSONString(teaList);
		System.out.println("fastjson = " + jsonTeach);

結果為:

[plain] view plaincopyprint?
  1. fastjson = [{"id":0,"name":"Teacher 0","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]},{"id":1,"name":"Teacher 1","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]},{"id":2,"name":"Teacher 2","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]},{"id":3,"name":"Teacher 3","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]}]  
fastjson = [{"id":0,"name":"Teacher 0","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]},{"id":1,"name":"Teacher 1","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]},{"id":2,"name":"Teacher 2","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]},{"id":3,"name":"Teacher 3","students":[{"age":18,"id":0,"name":"Student0"},{"age":19,"id":1,"name":"Student1"}]}]
[plain] view plaincopyprint?
  1. 還是一個簡單的函式而已,就能辦到。  
 還是一個簡單的函式而已,就能辦到。
[plain] view plaincopyprint?
  1. 這個還有toJSONString 過載的方法,有很多,在給一個就是可以按照標準的json 格式輸出,上面的輸出都不規範,我們來看看,  
這個還有toJSONString 過載的方法,有很多,在給一個就是可以按照標準的json 格式輸出,上面的輸出都不規範,我們來看看,
[plain] view plaincopyprint?
  1. Student student = new Student(0, "Aaron", 24);  
  2.         System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(student,true));  
  3. 輸出為:  
  4. {  
  5. "age":24,  
  6. "id":0,  
  7. "name":"Aaron"  
  8. }  
Student student = new Student(0, "Aaron", 24);
		System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(student,true));
輸出為:
{
"age":24,
"id":0,
"name":"Aaron"
}

如果我們想要將實體類中的某個欄位或某幾個不進行解析呢?那麼我們可以使用transient 關鍵字,來標記它為不需要的,在fastjson中還提供了一種便捷的方法來自定義我們需要序列化的欄位,

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. SimplePropertyPreFilter filter = new SimplePropertyPreFilter(實體類.class"欄位1","欄位2"); 欄位為我們需要序列化的欄位,如果實體類中沒有改欄位則不解析放棄該欄位而不會報錯。  
SimplePropertyPreFilter filter = new SimplePropertyPreFilter(實體類.class, "欄位1","欄位2"); 欄位為我們需要序列化的欄位,如果實體類中沒有改欄位則不解析放棄該欄位而不會報錯。

如下:

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. SimplePropertyPreFilter filter = new SimplePropertyPreFilter(Student.class"id","age");  
  2.         String jsonStu =JSON.toJSONString(students,filter);  
SimplePropertyPreFilter filter = new SimplePropertyPreFilter(Student.class, "id","age");
		String jsonStu =JSON.toJSONString(students,filter);
這樣就只會序列化 id和age 的欄位。

下面進行fastjson 的反序列化,這個也是很常用的功能,

還是拿最簡單的來進行示範,

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. Student student = new Student(0"Aaron"24);  
  2.         String str = JSON.toJSONString(student,true);  
  3.         System.out.println(JSON.parseObject(str,Student.class));  
Student student = new Student(0, "Aaron", 24);
		String str = JSON.toJSONString(student,true);
		System.out.println(JSON.parseObject(str,Student.class));
反序列化主要使用的是JSON.parseObject(str,class); 它就能把我們的str 轉化為class 型別的物件,當然還有更復雜的物件,比如: [java] view plaincopyprint?
  1.         List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();  
  2.         for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {  
  3.             Student stu = new Student(i, "Student" + i, 18 +i);   
  4.             students.add(stu);  
  5.         }  
  6.         // 過濾哪些屬性需要轉換
  7. //      SimplePropertyPreFilter filter = new SimplePropertyPreFilter(Student.class, "id","age");
  8. //      String jsonStu =JSON.toJSONString(students,filter);
  9.         String jsonStu =JSON.toJSONString(students);  
  10.         System.out.println(jsonStu);  
  11.         List<Student> stu =JSON.parseObject(jsonStu, new TypeReference<List<Student>>(){});  
  12.         for(int i=0;i<stu.size();i++)   
  13.         {  
  14.             System.out.println(stu.get(i));  
  15.         }  
		List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
		for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
			Student stu = new Student(i, "Student" + i, 18 +i); 
			students.add(stu);
		}
		// 過濾哪些屬性需要轉換
//		SimplePropertyPreFilter filter = new SimplePropertyPreFilter(Student.class, "id","age");
//		String jsonStu =JSON.toJSONString(students,filter);
		String jsonStu =JSON.toJSONString(students);
		System.out.println(jsonStu);
		
		List<Student> stu =JSON.parseObject(jsonStu, new TypeReference<List<Student>>(){});
		for(int i=0;i<stu.size();i++) 
		{
			System.out.println(stu.get(i));
		}
前面就是新增資料,然後在後面解析為json格式,然後在轉化為類的物件,這裡轉為List<Student> 物件,主要用到new TypeReference<資料返回型別> (){},我們使用的就是new TypeReference<List<Student>>(){} 返回的結果就是List<Student>
也不需要強制轉化,我們看看上面輸出的結果為:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. Student [id=0, name=Student0, age=18]  
  2. Student [id=1, name=Student1, age=19]  
  3. Student [id=2, name=Student2, age=20]  
  4. Student [id=3, name=Student3, age=21]  
  5. Student [id=4, name=Student4, age=22]  
Student [id=0, name=Student0, age=18]
Student [id=1, name=Student1, age=19]
Student [id=2, name=Student2, age=20]
Student [id=3, name=Student3, age=21]
Student [id=4, name=Student4, age=22]

當然fastjson 能處理的資料型別還有很多很多,我主要列了我常用的資料型別,今天主要就講到這裡。