之前也做過多實便的安裝，不過當時的版本是5.6的，由於5.7和5.6mysql的安裝方式還是有所不同的，今天就測試一下mysql5.7多例項的安裝。

環境說明：

os:  rhel6.3 64bit

mysql: 5.7.21

目前已存在一個例項：

root      2564  2538  0 23:31 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root      1533     1  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/u01/mysql --pid-file=/u01/mysql/mysqld.pid
mysql     1880  1533  0 23:28 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/u01/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/u01/log/mysql/mysql_3306.err --open-files-limit=8192 --pid-file=/u01/mysql/mysqld.pid --socket=/u01/mysql/mysql.sock
root      2566  2538  0 23:31 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysql
 

1.修改my.cnf

[[email protected] mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld    = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /u01/log/mysql_multi.log

[mysqld1]
character_set_server= utf8
init_connect= 'SET NAMES utf8'
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir= /u01/mysql
socket = /u01/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql #必須用mysql帳戶啟動mysql，避免用root來啟動
port=3306
performance_schema=off
innodb_buffer_pool_size=32M
bind_address=0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve=0
[mysqld2]
character_set_server= utf8
init_connect= 'SET NAMES utf8'
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir= /u01/mysql2
socket = /u01/mysql2/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3307
performance_schema=off
innodb_buffer_pool_size=32M
bind_address=0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve=0
character_set_server= utf8
init_connect= 'SET NAMES utf8'
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir= /u01/mysql3
socket = /u01/mysql3/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3308
performance_schema=off
innodb_buffer_pool_size=32M
bind_address=0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve=0
 

2.建立需要的目錄：

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /u01/mysql2
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /u01/log/mysql2
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /u01/mysql3
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /u01/log/mysql3
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /u01

3.初始化各例項 以及開啟SSL連線：

[[email protected]
 
 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/u01/mysql2

2018-05-04T22:32:19.567383Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-04T22:32:20.937886Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-05-04T22:32:21.154932Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-05-04T22:32:21.244128Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 027cc829-4feb-11e8-9103-000c29aa0615.
2018-05-04T22:32:21.246035Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-05-04T22:32:21.246980Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: vd539qdjd#,B

2018-05-04T22:33:34.514887Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-05-04T22:33:35.948344Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-05-04T22:33:36.150828Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-05-04T22:33:36.217487Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 2f2ccf35-4feb-11e8-9402-000c29aa0615.
2018-05-04T22:33:36.221292Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-05-04T22:33:36.227321Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: RcwAsh&A%9mr

[[email protected] mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup  --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/u01/mysql2
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.............................................................+++
.....+++
writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.......................+++
................+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
....+++
..........................+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----
[[email protected] mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup  --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/u01/mysql3
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..............................................+++
...........................+++
writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
...................................................................................................................+++
..+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..+++
..+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----

4.配置自動啟動

[[email protected] mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
[[email protected] mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld_multi

5.啟動所有的例項

[[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  start
[[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running

[[email protected] mysql]# netstat -lntp | grep mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6800/mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3307                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6803/mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3308                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6806/mysqld

已成功啟動！

6.記得先要修改新新增的兩個例項的root密碼：

[[email protected] mysql2]# mysql -S /u01/mysql2/mysql.sock -uroot -pvd539qdjd#,B

mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[[email protected] mysql2]# mysql -S /u01/mysql2/mysql.sock -uroot -pRcwAsh&A%9mr


mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7.接著試下能否正常關閉

[[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  stop

[[email protected] mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running

沒有關閉成功，檢視一下多例項的Log:

[[email protected] log]# tail -f mysql_multi.log
2018-05-04T21:52:32.951509Z 10 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'
2018-05-04T21:52:32.958002Z 10 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'
2018-05-04T21:52:32.965020Z 10 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'

發現mysqladmin連線不到資料庫，在/etc/my.cnf中增加user和password試一下：

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld    = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /u01/log/mysql_multi.log
user=root  #增加的user和password 
password=123456

增加了使用者名稱和密碼後還是不行，原因是mysqld_multi是通過呼叫my_print_defaults來讀取例項的各項引數的，讀取的結果如下：

[root[email protected] mysql2]# my_print_defaults mysqld_multi mysql1
--mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
--mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
--log=/u01/log//mysql_multi.log
[[email protected] mysql2]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[[email protected] mysql2]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  stop
[[email protected] mysql2]# my_print_defaults mysqld_multi mysql1
--mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
--mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
--log=/u01/log/mysql_multi.log
--user=root
--password=*****

由於讀取的密碼是加密的，自然就登入不了。解決的方法就是修改一下mysqld_multi指令碼：

接著再關閉資料庫就成功了：

[[email protected] bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  stop
[[email protected] bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi  report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running

參考：https://blog.csdn.net/zhengwei125/article/details/52413835

8.開啟和關閉單個例項：

如果啟動第一個也就是Port為3306的例項:

[[email protected] u01]# mysqld_multi start 1
[[email protected] u01]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running

[[email protected] u01]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
mysql    12945     1  4 17:49 pts/2    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --character_set_server=utf8 --init_connect=SET NAMES utf8 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/u01/mysql --socket=/u01/mysql/mysql.sock --user=mysql --port=3306 --performance_schema=off --innodb_buffer_pool_size=32M --bind_address=0.0.0.0 --skip-name-resolve=0 --log-error=/u01/log/mysql/mysql_3306.err
root     12975  2781  0 17:49 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysqld

我的情況GNR分別為1,2,3。所以單個啟動時指定1，2，3就可以了。官方文件的說明如下：

Each GNR value represents an option group number or range of group numbers. The value should be the number at the end of the group name in the option file. For example, the GNR for a group named [mysqld17] is 17. 

關閉也是同理：

[[email protected] u01]# mysqld_multi stop 1
[[email protected] u01]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running

也可以用mysqladmin進行關閉

[[email protected] u01]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /u01/mysql/mysql.sock shutdown

9.連線單例項，通過指定例項的sock檔案來連線例項：

[[email protected] u01]# mysql -uroot -p -S /u01/mysql/mysql.sock

[[email protected] u01]# mysql -uroot -p -S /u01/mysql2/mysql.sock

[[email protected] u01]# mysql -uroot -p -S /u01/mysql3/mysql.sock