本文是對Tool Interface Standard (TIS) Executable and Linking Format (ELF) Specification Version 1.2的翻譯

工具介面標準(TIS)可執行連結格式(ELF)規範版本 1.2

翻譯以中英對照方式，英語水平有限，如有翻譯不當的地方，請諒解。

Preface
前言
This Executable and Linking Format Specification, Version 1.2, is the result of the work of the Tool Interface Standards (TIS) Committee--an association of members of the microcomputer industry formed to work toward standardization of the software interfaces visible to development tools for 32-bit Intel Architecture operating environments. Such interfaces include object module formats, executable file formats, and debug record information and formats.
版本1.2的可執行連結標準是TIS委員會（一個微型計算機行業成員，微型計算機行業是為了標準化32位Intel架構操作環境下軟體開發介面而成立的）的成果。這些介面包括物件模組格式、可執行檔案格式，以及除錯記錄資訊和格式。

The goal of the committee is to help streamline the software development process throughout the microcomputer industry, currently concentrating on 32-bit operating environments. To that end, the committee has developed specifications--some for file formats that are portable across leading industry operating systems, and others describing formats for 32-bit Windows* operating systems. Originally distributed collectively as the TIS Portable Formats Specifications Version 1.1, these specifications are now separated and distributed individually.
TIS委員會的成果是為了幫助微型計算機行業軟體開發過程實現流水線化，當前關注點在32位操作環境。為此，TIS委員會設計了標準（標準中的一些用於跨越主導產業的作業系統，其它用於描述32位Windows作業系統檔案格式）。最初這些標準被作為TIS可移植格式標準版本1.1共同釋出，但現在這些標準被分開單獨釋出。

TIS Committee members include representatives from Absoft, Autodesk, Borland International Corporation, IBM Corporation, Intel Corporation, Lahey, Lotus Corporation, MetaWare Corporation, Microtec Research, Microsoft Corporation, Novell Corporation, The Santa Cruz Operation, and WATCOM International Corporation. PharLap Software Incorporated and Symantec Corporation also participated in the specification definition efforts.This specification like the others in the TIS collection of specifications is based on existing, proven formats in keeping with the TIS Committee's goal to adopt, and when necessary, extend existing standards rather than invent new ones.
TIS委員會成員包括來自以下公司的代表：Absoft, Autodesk, Borland International Corporation, IBM Corporation, Intel Corporation, Lahey, Lotus Corporation, MetaWare Corporation, Microtec Research, Microsoft Corporation, Novell Corporation, The Santa Cruz Operation, and WATCOM International Corporation。PharLap Software Incorporated 和 Symantec Corporation也參與了標準的定義。
同TIS委員會收集的其它規範，本規範也基於已存在、久經考驗的格式，符合TIS委員會採納的目標，擴充套件已有標準比發明一個新的標準更有必要。

About ELF: Executable and Linking Format
關於ELF：可執行連結格式

The Executable and Linking Format was originally developed and published by UNIX System Laboratories (USL) as part of the Application Binary Interface (ABI). The Tool Interface Standards committee (TIS) has selected the evolving ELF standard as a portable object file format that works on 32-bit Intel Architecture environments for a variety of operating systems.The ELF standard is intended to streamline software development by providing developers with a set of binary interface definitions that extend across multiple operating environments. This should reduce the number of different interface implementations, thereby reducing the need for recoding and recompiling code.
可執行連結格式初始是UNIX系統實驗室(USL)作為應用程式二進位制介面(ABI)的一部分進行開發和釋出的。TIS委員會選擇了演變的ELF標準作為可移植物件檔案，該檔案能夠工作在32位Intel架構環境下的各種作業系統上。ELF標準的設計意圖是通過為開發者提供跨作業系統的二進位制介面定義的集合，實現軟體開發的流水線化。這樣將會減少不同介面定義的數量，從而減少重編碼和重編譯的需求。

About This Document
關於本文件

This document is intended for developers who are creating object or executable files on various 32-bit environment operating systems. In order to extend ELf into different operating systems, the current ELF version 1.2 document has been reorganized based on operating system-specific information. It is divided into the following three books:
• Book I: Executable and Linking Format, describes the object file format called ELF. This book also contains an appendix that describes historical references and lists processor and operating system reserved names and words.
• Book II: Processor Specific(Intel Achitecture), conveys hardware-specific ELF information, such as Intel Architecture information.
• Book III: Operating System Specific, describes ELF information that is operating system dependent, such as System V Release 4 information. This book also contains an appendix that describes ELF information that is both operating system and processor dependent.
本文件為在不同32位作業系統下建立物件和可執行檔案的開發者準備。為了擴充套件ELF到不同的作業系統，當前的1.2版本的ELF文件已經被基於作業系統特性進行重新組織。被分成了以下三卷：

• 卷I：可執行連結檔案格式，描述ELF檔案格式。本卷的附錄部分包含描述歷史參照、編目處理和作業系統保留字；
• 卷II：特定處理器（Intel架構），表述硬體相關ELF資訊，比如Intel架構資訊；
• 卷III：作業系統特性，描述作業系統依賴的ELF資訊，比如System V Release 4的資訊。本卷附錄描述了同時依賴作業系統和處理器的ELF資訊。