PIVOT用於將列值旋轉為列名（即行轉列），在可以用聚合函式配合CASE語句實現

PIVOT的一般語法是：PIVOT(聚合函式(列) FOR 列 in (…) )AS P

完整語法：

table_source

PIVOT(

聚合函式（value_column）

FOR pivot_column

IN(<column_list>)

)

UNPIVOT用於將列明轉為列值（即列轉行），在SQL Server 2000可以用UNION來實現

完整語法：

table_source

UNPIVOT(

value_column

FOR pivot_column

IN(<column_list>)

)

--*************************************************************************************
--**********************************行轉列*********************************************
--*************************************************************************************
create table course  
(  
    id int identity(1,1),--遞增1,  
    stuNo varchar(50),  
    courseName varchar(50),  
    courseScore decimal   
)  

insert into course values('02','思想政治','85.5'),  
                         ('02','數學','70'),  
                         ('02','語文','80'),  
                         ('02','物理','90'),  
                         ('02','化學','65'),  
                         ('02','英語','96')  
                           
insert into course values('03','思想政治','60'),  
                         ('03','數學','65'),  
                         ('03','語文','84'),  
                         ('03','物理','70'),  
                         ('03','化學','76'),  
                         ('03','英語','54')   
select * from course

--方法一：
select ROW_NUMBER() over(order by stuNo asc) as ID,stuNo as '學號',
max(case courseName when '思想政治' then courseScore else 0 end) as '思想政治',
max(case courseName when '數學' then courseScore else 0 end) as '數學',
max(case courseName when '語文' then courseScore else 0 end) as '語文',
max(case courseName when '物理' then courseScore else 0 end) as '物理',
max(case courseName when '化學' then courseScore else 0 end) as '化學',
max(case courseName when '英語' then courseScore else 0 end) as '英語'
from course group by stuNo

--方法二:
select ROW_NUMBER() over(order by a.stuNo asc) as ID,a.stuNo as '學號',MAX(a.思想政治) as '思想政治',MAX(a.數學) as '數學',MAX(a.語文) as '語文',MAX(a.物理) as '物理',MAX(a.化學) as '化學',MAX(a.英語) as '英語'
from course pivot(max(courseScore) for courseName in(思想政治,數學,語文,物理,化學,英語))a 
group by a.stuNo
 

--*************************************************************************************
--**********************************列轉行*********************************************
--*************************************************************************************
create table course1  
(  
    
    ID int identity(1,1), 
    學號 varchar(50),  
    思想政治 int,  
    數學 int, 
    語文 int,  
    物理 int,  
    化學 int,  
    英語 int
)  
go
select * from course1
insert into course1 
select '02',86,70,80,90,65,96
union all 
select '03',60,65,84,70,76,54
go

select * from course1
--方法一:
select ROW_NUMBER() over(order by t.stuNo asc) as id,t.stuNo,t.courseName,t.courseScore from
(
	select 學號 as stuNo,courseName='思想政治',courseScore=思想政治 from course1
	union all
	select 學號 as stuNo,courseName='數學',courseScore=數學 from course1
	union all
	select 學號 as stuNo,courseName='語文',courseScore=語文 from course1
	union all
	select 學號 as stuNo,courseName='物理',courseScore=物理 from course1
	union all
	select 學號 as stuNo,courseName='化學',courseScore=化學 from course1
	union all
	select 學號 as stuNo,courseName='英語',courseScore=英語 from course1
) t order by t.stuNo,case t.courseName when '思想政治' then 1
									   when '數學' then 2
									   when '語文' then 3
									   when '物理' then 4
									   when '化學' then 5
									   when '英語' then 6 end
									   

--方法二:									   
select ROW_NUMBER() over(order by a.學號 asc) as id,a.學號 as stuNo,a.courseName,a.courseScore from course1 unpivot(courseScore for courseName in(思想政治,數學,語文,物理,化學,英語))a