python3 xpath和requests應用
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-08
根據一個爬取豆瓣電影排名的小應用,來簡單使用etree和request庫。
etree使用xpath語法。
import requests
import ssl
from lxml import etree
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
session = requests.Session()
for id in range(0, 251, 25):
URL = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250/?start=' + str(id)
req = session.get (URL)
# 設定網頁編碼格式
req.encoding = 'utf8'
# 將request.content 轉化為 Element
root = etree.HTML(req.content)
# 選取 ol/li/div[@class="item"] 不管它們在文件中的位置
items = root.xpath('//ol/li/div[@class="item"]')
for item in items:
# 注意可能只有中文名,沒有英文名;可能沒有quote簡評
rank, name, alias, rating_num, quote , url = "", "", "", "", "", ""
try:
url = item.xpath('./div[@class="pic"]/a/@href')[0]
rank = item.xpath('./div[@class="pic"]/em/text()')[0]
title = item.xpath('./div[@class="info"]//a/span[@class="title"]/text()')
name = title[0].encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312' )
alias = title[1].encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312') if len(title) == 2 else ""
rating_num = item.xpath('.//div[@class="bd"]//span[@class="rating_num"]/text()')[0]
quote_tag = item.xpath('.//div[@class="bd"]//span[@class="inq"]')
if len(quote_tag) is not 0:
quote = quote_tag[0].text.encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312').replace('\xa0', '')
# 輸出 排名,評分,簡介
print(rank, rating_num, quote)
# 輸出 中文名,英文名
print(name.encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312'),
alias.encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312').replace('/', ','))
except:
print('faild!')
pass
程式執行結果: