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python3 xpath和requests應用

根據一個爬取豆瓣電影排名的小應用,來簡單使用etree和request庫。

etree使用xpath語法。

import requests
import ssl
from lxml import etree


ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

session = requests.Session()
for id in range(0, 251, 25):
    URL = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250/?start=' + str(id)
    req = session.get
(URL) # 設定網頁編碼格式 req.encoding = 'utf8' # 將request.content 轉化為 Element root = etree.HTML(req.content) # 選取 ol/li/div[@class="item"] 不管它們在文件中的位置 items = root.xpath('//ol/li/div[@class="item"]') for item in items: # 注意可能只有中文名,沒有英文名;可能沒有quote簡評 rank, name, alias, rating_num, quote
, url = "", "", "", "", "", "" try: url = item.xpath('./div[@class="pic"]/a/@href')[0] rank = item.xpath('./div[@class="pic"]/em/text()')[0] title = item.xpath('./div[@class="info"]//a/span[@class="title"]/text()') name = title[0].encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312'
) alias = title[1].encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312') if len(title) == 2 else "" rating_num = item.xpath('.//div[@class="bd"]//span[@class="rating_num"]/text()')[0] quote_tag = item.xpath('.//div[@class="bd"]//span[@class="inq"]') if len(quote_tag) is not 0: quote = quote_tag[0].text.encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312').replace('\xa0', '') # 輸出 排名,評分,簡介 print(rank, rating_num, quote) # 輸出 中文名,英文名 print(name.encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312'), alias.encode('gb2312', 'ignore').decode('gb2312').replace('/', ',')) except: print('faild!') pass

程式執行結果:

這裡寫圖片描述