前一段在安裝Caffe時候把Opencv2.4.11版本安裝在redhat6.4系統上，為了測試在Linux下如何編譯執行opencv程式碼,特意查詢了網上相關資料（主要參考三個網頁）。本文主要給出三種編譯執行的方式：命令列的方式；Makefile（兩種）方式；Cmake工具方式。

本文測試的源程式比較簡單，怎麼顯示lena.jpg影象的程式碼testShowLena.cpp。

#include<iostream>
#include<highgui.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(){

    Mat srcImage = imread("lena.jpg"
 
);

    imshow("raw image", srcImage);

    waitKey(0);

    return 0;

}

1. 命令列方式編譯執行
   在終端中輸入：
   g++ testShowLena.cpp -o testShowLena pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv
   或者
   icpc testShowLena.cpp -o testShowLena pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv
   icpc是Intel的C++編譯器
   使用pkg-config時，選項–cflags 它是用來指定程式在編譯時所需要標頭檔案所在的目錄,選項 –libs則是指定程式在連結時所需要的動態連結庫的目錄。
   產生testShowLena可執行檔案，然後執行./testShowLena 即可顯示影象

   

2. Makefile 檔案編譯
   2.1 採用pkg-config編寫的makefile

#================================================================================
#
# Makefile1 for testing OPENCV 
#
# Email: wjzln57@gmail.com
#
#================================================================================
#CC = g++
CC = icpc

CFLAGS
 
 = -Wall -Wconversion -O3

IFLAGS = `pkg-config --cflags opencv`
LIBS   = `pkg-config --libs   opencv`

#================================================================================

SOURCE_FILE:=testShowLena.cpp

# multifile 
# SOURCE_FILE:=testShowLena.cpp \
    # test2.cpp \
    # test3.cpp

TARGET = testShowLena

OBJS = ${SOURCE_FILE:%.cpp=%.o}

all: $(TARGET)

$(TARGET):${OBJS}
    $(CC) $(IFLAGS) -o $(TARGET) $(OBJS) $(LIBS)

.SUFFIXES:
.SUFFIXES:.cpp .o

.cpp.o:
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o [email protected] -c $< $(IFLAGS)

clean:
    rm -f *.o *~ $(TARGET)

#================================================================================

2.2 沒有采用pkg-config編寫的makefile

#================================================================================
#
# Makefile2 for testing OPENCV 
#
# Email: [email protected]
#
#================================================================================

CC = g++
# CC = icpc

CFLAGS = -Wall -Wconversion -O3

IFLAGS = -I.
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv -I/usr/local/include/opencv2
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/calib3d
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/contrib
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/core
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/features2d
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/flann
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/gpu
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/highgui
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/imgproc
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/legacy
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/ml
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/nonfree
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/objdetect
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/ocl
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/photo
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/stitching
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/superres
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/ts
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/video
IFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include/opencv2/videostab
IFLAGS += -g

LIBS = 
LIBS += -L/usr/local/lib/ -lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc \
        -lopencv_flann -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_features2d \
        -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_contrib -lopencv_gpu -lopencv_legacy \
        -lopencv_ml -lopencv_nonfree -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_photo \
        -lopencv_stitching -lopencv_superres -lopencv_ts -lopencv_video \
        -lopencv_videostab

#================================================================================

SOURCE_FILE:=testShowLena.cpp

# multifile 
# SOURCE_FILE:=testShowLena.cpp \
    # test2.cpp \
    # test3.cpp
TARGET = testShowLena

OBJS = ${SOURCE_FILE:%.cpp=%.o}

all: $(TARGET)

$(TARGET):${OBJS}
    $(CC) $(IFLAGS) -o $(TARGET) $(OBJS) $(LIBS)

.SUFFIXES:
.SUFFIXES:.cpp .o

.cpp.o:
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o [email protected] -c $< $(IFLAGS)

clean:
    rm -f *.o *~ $(TARGET)

#================================================================================

3. 採用Cmake工具編譯

把上述兩種方式生成的Makefile換成其他名字，因為Cmake編譯時會自動推導生成Makefile檔名，防止覆蓋。
3.1 在testShowLena.cpp和lena.jpg資料夾下新建一個Cmake工具編譯時所需要的檔案CMakeList.txt。
3.2 編輯CMakeList.txt

PROJECT(testShowLena) 

CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.6)

FIND_PACKAGE( OpenCV REQUIRED )

ADD_EXECUTABLE(testShowLena  testShowLena.cpp) 

TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(testShowLena ${OpenCV_LIBS})

第一行是建立一個工程專案名字；
第二行是設定Cmake工具版本的最低要求；
第三行是用來查詢opencv包的；
第四行是用工程專案名和要編譯的檔名；
第五行是連結到OpenCV庫的環節。

3.3 執行cmake .
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to :/home/users/wangjie/OPENCV/test1
同時生成Makefile檔案。
3.4 執行make 生成可執行檔案 testShowLena
3.5 執行 ./testShowLena即可