1. 程式人生 > >第四章 操作列表(遍歷列表)

第四章 操作列表(遍歷列表)

    遍歷列表:

        nums = ['1','2','3','4']

        for  num in nums:                    

        print(num)

        >for後面,沒有縮排的程式碼,只執行一次,不會重複執行。

        會顯示錯誤:IndentationError: expected an indented block         

        修改為:

        nums = ['1','2','3','4']

        for  num in nums:     >for迴圈,從nums列表中逐次取出一個元素放入num中並輸出,直至nums列表中無元素存在

            print(num)            >此行縮排才可  

        >>>1  2  3  4

    建立數值列表:

        range()函式

        for value in range(1,5):

            print(value)            >>>1 2 3 4      不包含5

        使用list()可將range()的結果直接轉換成列表

        nums = list(range(1,6))

        print(nums)                 >>>[1,2,3,4,5]

        nums = list(range(2,11,2))

        print(nums)                 >>>取2到11之間的偶數,不斷加2

        square.py                    >輸出前10個整數的平方加入一個列表中

        squares = []

        for  value in range(1,11):      不要丟掉冒號(:)

            square = value**2

            squares.append(square)

        print(squares)

        對數字列表進行簡單的統計運算(求最大值、最小值、求和)

        digits = [1,2,3,4]

        min(digits)

        digits = [1,2,3,4]

        max(digits)

        digits = [1,2,3,4]

        sum(digits)

        列表解析:

squares = [value**2 for value in range(1,11)]

        print(squares)

        切片:

bicycles[0:3]  bicycles[0:]  bicycles[:3]  bicycles[:]

        遍歷切片:

for car in cars[:]:

            print(car)

        複製列表:

a_cars = cars[:]          >不能寫成    a_cars = cars

    元組:                           >不可變的列表,使用圓括號而不是方括號

        dimensions = (200,50)

        遍歷元組中的所有值(方法類似列表的操作)

        元組的元素不能修改,但是可以給元組的變數賦值

        dimensions = (200,50)

        dimensions = (400,100)

    程式碼格式相關:

       1,易於閱讀

        2,每級縮排使用四個空格,提升可讀性。(避免使用製表符和空格混用)

        3,行長:每行不超過80字元,註釋不超過72字元

    課後題:

# 4-1  遍歷列表
pizzas = ['a','b','c']
for pizza in pizzas:
    print("I Like " + pizza + "!")
print("I Really Love Pizza!")
# 4-2 動物
pets = ['cat','dog','pig']
for pet in pets:
    print("A"+ pet +"would make a great pet")
print("Any of these animals would make a great pet !")
# 4-3 列印數字 1-20
for i in range(1,21):
    print(i)
# 4-4  練習Ctrl +C 來停止執行
# 4-5  計算1-100001的總和
a = []
for i in range(1,100001):
    a.append(i)
print(min(a))
print(max(a))
print(sum(a))
# 4-6 列印 1-20的奇數
for i in range(1,21,2):
    print(i)
#  4-7 列印3的倍數
for i in range(3,31,3):
    print(i)
#  4-8  列印1-10整數的立方
nums = []
for i in range(1,11):
    nums.append(i**3)
print(nums)
for num in nums:
    print(num)
#  4-9  將上面的列表,進行解析
nums = [i**3 for i in range(1,11)]
for num in nums:
    print(num)
#  4-10  列表切片
nums = [i**3 for i in range(1,11)]
print(nums)
print("The first three items in the list are : " + str(nums[0:3]))
print("Three items from the middle of the list are : " + str(nums[3:6]))
print("The three items in the last are : " + str(nums[7:11]))
#  4-11
pizzas = ['a','b','c']
friend_pizzas = ['a','b','c']
friend_pizzas.append('d')
print(friend_pizzas)
pizzas.insert(3,'f')
print(pizzas)
print("My favorite pizzas are: ")
for pizza in pizzas:
    print(pizza)
print("My friend's favorite pizzas are: ")
for friend_pizza in friend_pizzas:
    print(friend_pizza)
#  4-12 元組初步
foods = ('a','b','c','d','f')
for food in foods:
    print(food)
# foods[0] = tf
print(foods)
foods = ('a','b','c','j','k')
for food in foods:
    print(food)