本文作者為中山大學楊超鋒同學，特此感謝。

1 CentOS 5 Linux 安裝圖解

2 PGI 安裝

2.1 將檔案pgilinux86-64-707.tar.gz 下載到/home/yourname/pgi707 目錄下解壓

[yourname @localhost pgi707]$ tar -zxvf pgilinux86-707.tar.gz

[yourname @localhost pgi707]$ ls

common install INSTALL.txt linux86 linux86-64 pgilinux86-707.tar.gz

postinstall

2.2 編譯並安裝

[yourname @localhost pgi707]$ su root

Do you accept these terms? [accept,decline]

accept

Install the ACML? [y/n]

n

Installation directory? [/usr/pgi]

/usr/local/pgi

Create an evaluation license? [y/n]

n

Do you want the files in the install directory to be read-only? [y,n]

n

還有許多其他設定可以預設進行，直接回車即可

2.3 用root 使用者把license.dat（在使用期範圍的其他版本的license.dat 也可以用）複製

(cp)到/usr/local/pgi 下

2.4 把以下幾行放到/home/yourname/.bashrc 的最後

export PGI=/usr/local/pgi/linux86/7.0-7

export PATH=$PGI/bin：＄PATH

export MANPATH=$PGI/man:＄MANPATH

export LM_LICENSE_FILE=/usr/local/pgi/license.dat

並執行：

[[email protected] pgi707]# source /home/yourname/.bashrc

2.5 測試PGI:

pgf90-Warning-No files to process

以上說明PGI 安裝成功!

3 Netcdf 安裝

3.1 將檔案netcdf.tar.gz 下載到/home/yourname/netcdf 下解壓

[yourname @localhost netcdf]$ tar -zxvf netcdf-4.0.1.tar.gz

[yourname @localhost netcdf]$ ls

netcdf-4.0.1 netcdf-4.0.1.tar.gz

3.2 編譯並安裝

[yourname @localhost netcdf]$ cd netcdf-4.0.1/

[yourname @localhost netcdf-4.0.1]$ su root

[[email protected] netcdf-4.0.1]# mkdir /usr/local/netcdf

[[email protected] netcdf-4.0.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/netcdf

FC=pgf90

[[email protected] netcdf-4.0.1]# make install

3.3 把以下幾行放到/home/yourname/.bashrc 的最後

export NETCDF=/usr/local/netcdf

export PATH=$NETCDF/bin:＄PATH

並執行：

[[email protected] netcdf-3.6.2]# source /home/yourname/.bashrc

這樣NetCDF 安裝成功！

4 NCARG 安裝

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make all install

版本。本地機器版本可以用uname -m 檢視，gcc 版本用 gcc --version 檢視。我下載的是 NCL 5.1.1 32-bit

binary for i686 chips for LINUX (compiled with gcc 4.1.2)。

4.3. 安裝

將下載的檔案解壓，把裡面的三個子資料夾bin, lib, include 解壓到目標資料夾，即/usr/local/ncarg。

命令如下：

su

輸入口令

mkidr /usr/local/ncarg

cd /usr/local/ncarg

tar zxvf /home/yourname/ncl_ncarg-5.1.1.Linux_i686_gcc412.tar.gz

cd ~

gedit .bashrc

開啟.bashrc 檔案新增下面幾行：

export NCARG_ROOT=/usr/local/ncarg

export PATH=/usr/local/ncarg/bin:$PATH

export DISPLAY=:0.0

export NCARG_LIB=/usr/local/ncarg/lib

export NCARG_INC=/usr/local/ncarg/include

然後儲存

再在~/目錄下，輸入 source .bashrc

4.5. 配置檔案：

在~/ 目錄下建立.hluresfile 檔案， 然後把下面內容複製（ 此檔案說明見：

面

!=========================================

! comments for ".res" files are preceded by a "!"

! remember quotations are not used in .res files

! White background/black foreground

*wkForegroundColor : (/0.,0.,0./)

*wkBackgroundColor : (/1.,1.,1./)

*wkColorMap : rainbow+gray

! Font stuff

*Font : helvetica

! Function Codes [Default is a colon ]

*TextFuncCode : ~

! Make default X11 window larger (adjust as necessary)

*wkWidth : 800

*wkHeight : 800

! Have a favorite colormap that you use for everything? You can

! make it your default here (note the name is NOT in quotes):

! *wkColorMap : temp1

! Increase the default (16mb) contour memory

! If you gave gridded data > 500 x 500, you may need this

*wsMaximumSize: 32556688

!==========================================

然後 cd ~， 分別執行

ng4ex gsun01n ncl gsun01n.ncl

ncargex cpex08， ctrans -d X11 cpex08.ncgm

此時，可以看到測試的顯示結果。

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到此為止，WRF 模式安裝的前期準備已經完成，下面開始正式安裝模式。在正式安裝之前，我們先在我們

自己的使用者目錄下建立一個名為WRF 的資料夾，然後把地形檔案壓縮包geog_v3.1.tar.gz、WRFV3 壓

縮包WRFV3.1.1.TAR.gz、WPSV3 壓縮包WPSV3.1.1.TAR.gz 和ARWpost 壓縮包ARWpost.tar.gz

都複製到WRF 資料夾裡，最後就可以在WRF 資料夾裡進行模式的安裝了。

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5 WRFV3 安裝

要先安裝WRF，再安裝WPS，這個順序不能顛倒。

安裝步驟：

5.1 WRF 壓縮包可以到以下網頁下載：

需要註冊，不過註冊很方便。我們已經下載好了。

5.2 在事前建立的WRF 目錄下，解壓WRFV3 的壓縮包

tar zxvf WRFV3.1.1.TAR.gz

cd WRFV3

export WRFIO_NCD_LARGE_FILE_SUPPORT=1

./configure

註釋：serial means single processor （考慮到大家機器的實際情況，請大家選擇這項）

smpar means Symmetric Multi-Processing/Shared Memory Parallel (OpenMP)

dmpar means Distributed Memory Parallel (MPI)

dm+sm means Distributed Memory with Shared Memory (for example, MPI across

nodes with OpenMP within a node)

the second option is for nesting: 0 = no nesting, 1 = standard static nesting,

2 = nesting with a prescribed set of moves, 3 = nesting that allows a domain

to follow a vortex (typhoon tracking)

注意：選擇linux with pgi 編譯器（serial）的選項，回車以後，出現compile for nesting？

選擇basic。

5.3 開始編譯

./compile em_real

ls -ls main/*.exe

註釋：you should see ndown.exe, real.exe, and wrf.exe 。代表WRFV3 安裝成功。

5.4 如果編譯失敗，請先回到WRFV3 目錄下，輸入./clean –a ，再重新查詢問題，重新安裝。

6 WPSV3 安裝

6.1 獲取WPS 的原始檔 WPSV3.TAR.gz

6.2 進入WRF 目錄，並解壓：

cd WRF

tar -zxvf WPSV3.1.1.TAR.gz

解壓後，進入WPS 目錄

cd WPS

6.3 配置：

./configure

這一佈會出現相關選項，注意事項如下：

o choose one of the options

o usually, option "1" and option “2” are for serial builds, that is the best

for an initial test

o WPS requires that you build for the appropriate Grib decoding, select an

option that suitable for the data you will use with the ungrib program

o If you select a Grib2 option, you must have those libraries prepared and

built in advance

6.4 編譯：

./compile

ls -ls *.exe

註釋：

o you should see geogrid.exe, ungrib.exe, and metgrid.exe (if you are missing

both geogrid.exe and metgrid.exe, you probably need to fix where the path to

WRF is pointing in the configure.wps file; if you are missing ungrib.exe, try

a Grib1-only build to further isolate the problem)

ls -ls util/*.exe

註釋：

o you should see a number of utility executables: avg_tsfc.exe,

calc_ecmwf_p.exe, g1print.exe, g2print.exe, mod_levs.exe, plotfmt.exe,

plotgrids.exe, and rd_intermediate.exe (files requiring NCAR Graphics are

plotfmt.exe and plotgrids.exe)

• if geogrid.exe and metgrid.exe executables are missing, probably the path

to the WRFV3 directory structure is incorrect (found inside the configure.wps

file)

• if the ungrib.exe is missing, probably the Grib2 libraries are not linked

or built correctly

• if the plotfmt.exe or the plotgrids.exe programs are missing, probably the

NCAR Graphics path is set incorrectly

6.5 如果編譯失敗，請先回到WPS 目錄下，輸入./clean –a ，再重新查詢問題，重新安裝。

7 ARWpost 安裝

ARWpost 是一個把WRF 結果轉為GrADS 或Vis5D 可以辨識的資料格式的軟體。

下面為安裝步驟：

tar zxvf ARWpost.tar.gz

cd ARWpost

解壓後進入資料夾,然後如下操作：

./configure

生成configure.arwp

如果你的WRF 目錄路徑不是在"../WRFV3" ，則要編輯configure.arwp,檔案，設定“WRF_DIR“變

量為你的WRFV3 路徑

./complie

生成 ARWpost.exe，表明安裝成功，

執行時，先修改namelist.ARWpost

然後執行 ./ARWpost.exe

這就會生成 output_root_name.dat & output_root_name.ctl 或output_root_name.v5d

然後就可以通過 GrADS 或Vis5D 畫圖。

8 GrADS 安裝

假設檔案下載位置為/home/yourname/grads-2.0.a7.1-bin-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.gz

8.1.選擇安裝路徑.一般選擇裝在 /usr/local/bin/ 目錄(也可自行選擇其他)

[[email protected] ~]$ su 轉入根使用者,以便訪問/usr/local/bin

[[email protected] yourname]# cd /usr/local/bin

8.2.解壓縮檔案

/home/yourname/grads-2.0.a7.1-bin-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.gz

[[email protected] grads-2.0.a7.1]# mkdir dat

[[email protected] grads-2.0.a7.1] # cd dat

[[email protected] bin]# tar zxvf /home/yourname/data.tar.Z

8.3.設定環境變數

轉到普通使用者(Ctrl+D),開啟 ~./.bashrc,

新增如下命令:

export GADDIR=/usr/local/bin/grads-2.0.a7.1/dat

export GASCRP=/usr/local/bin/grads-2.0.a7.1/lib

export PATH=/usr/local/bin/grads-2.0.a7.1/bin:$PATH

alias grads=/usr/local/bin/grads-2.0.a7.1/bin/grads

8.4.OK.輸入'grads'命令即可開啟GrADS.