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【LeetCode】Min Stack 解題報告

【題目】

Design a stack that supports push, pop, top, and retrieving the minimum element in constant time.

  • push(x) -- Push element x onto stack.
  • pop() -- Removes the element on top of the stack.
  • top() -- Get the top element.
  • getMin() -- Retrieve the minimum element in the stack.
【用Java內建的Stack實現】

來自:https://oj.leetcode.com/discuss/15659/simple-java-solution-using-two-build-in-stacks?state=edit-15691&show=15659#q15659

class MinStack {
    // stack: store the stack numbers
    private Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<Integer>();
    // minStack: store the current min values
    private Stack<Integer> minStack = new Stack<Integer>();

    public void push(int x) {
        // store current min value into minStack
        if (minStack.isEmpty() || x <= minStack.peek())
            minStack.push(x);
        stack.push(x);
    }

    public void pop() {
        // use equals to compare the value of two object, if equal, pop both of them
        if (stack.peek().equals(minStack.peek()))
            minStack.pop();
        stack.pop();
    }

    public int top() {
        return stack.peek();
    }

    public int getMin() {
        return minStack.peek();
    }
}

【分析】

這道題的關鍵之處就在於 minStack 的設計,push() pop() top() 這些操作Java內建的Stack都有,不必多說。

我最初想著再弄兩個陣列,分別記錄每個元素的前一個比它大的和後一個比它小的,想複雜了。

第一次看上面的程式碼,還覺得它有問題,為啥只在 x<minStack.peek() 時壓棧?如果,push(5), push(1), push(3) 這樣minStack裡不就只有5和1,這樣pop()出1後, getMin() 不就得到5而不是3嗎?其實這樣想是錯的,因為要想pop()出1之前,3就已經被pop()出了。. 

minStack 記錄的永遠是當前所有元素中最小的,無論 minStack.peek() 在stack 中所處的位置。

【不用內建Stack的實現】

來自:https://oj.leetcode.com/discuss/15651/my-java-solution-without-build-in-stack

class MinStack {
    Node top = null;

    public void push(int x) {
        if (top == null) {
            top = new Node(x);
            top.min = x;
        } else {
            Node temp = new Node(x);
            temp.next = top;
            top = temp;
            top.min = Math.min(top.next.min, x);
        }
    }

    public void pop() {
        top = top.next;
        return;
    }

    public int top() {
        return top == null ? 0 : top.val;
    }

    public int getMin() {
        return top == null ? 0 : top.min;
    }
}

class Node {
    int val;
    int min;
    Node next;

    public Node(int val) {
        this.val = val;
    }
}