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基於 CentOS 搭建 WordPress

搭建 WordPress 個人部落格

準備 LNMP 環境
LNMP 是 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP 的縮寫,是 WordPress 部落格系統依賴的基礎執行環境。我們先來準備 LNMP 環境

安裝 Nginx
使用 yum 安裝 Nginx:

yum install nginx -y

修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf,去除對 IPv6 地址的監聽[?],可參考下面的示例:
示例程式碼:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    # listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  _;
    root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

    # Load
configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } }

修改完成後,啟動 Nginx:

nginx
此時,可訪問實驗機器外網 HTTP 服務(http://<您的 CVM IP 地址>)來確認是否已經安裝成功。

將 Nginx 設定為開機自動啟動:

chkconfig nginx on

CentOS 6 不支援 IPv6,需要取消對 IPv6 地址的監聽,否則 Nginx 不能成功啟動。

安裝 MySQL

使用 yum 安裝 MySQL:

yum install mysql-server -y

安裝完成後,啟動 MySQL 服務:

service mysqld restart

設定 MySQL 賬戶 root 密碼:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '12345'

將 MySQL 設定為開機自動啟動:

chkconfig mysqld on

下面命令中的密碼是教程為您自動生成的,為了方便實驗的進行,不建議使用其它密碼。如果設定其它密碼,請把密碼記住,在後續的步驟會使用到。

安裝 PHP

使用 yum 安裝 PHP:

yum install php-fpm php-mysql -y

安裝之後,啟動 PHP-FPM 程序:

service php-fpm start

啟動之後,可以使用下面的命令檢視 PHP-FPM 程序監聽哪個埠 [?]

netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm

把 PHP-FPM 也設定成開機自動啟動:

chkconfig php-fpm on

CentOs 6 預設已經安裝了 PHP-FPM 及 PHP-MYSQL,下面命令執行的可能會提示已經安裝。

PHP-FPM 預設監聽 9000 埠

安裝並配置 WordPress

安裝 WordPress

配置好 LNMP 環境後,繼續使用 yum 來安裝 WordPress:

yum install wordpress -y

安裝完成後,就可以在 /usr/share/wordpress 看到 WordPress 的原始碼了。

配置資料庫

進入 MySQL:

mysql -uroot --password='MyPas$word4Word_Press'

為 WordPress 建立一個數據庫:

CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

MySQL 部分設定完了,我們退出 MySQL 環境:

exit

把上述的 DB 配置同步到 WordPress 的配置檔案中,可參考下面的配置:

示例程式碼:/etc/wordpress/wp-config.php

<?php
/**
 * The base configuration for WordPress
 *
 * The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the
 * installation. You don't have to use the web site, you can
 * copy this file to "wp-config.php" and fill in the values.
 *
 * This file contains the following configurations:
 *
 * * MySQL settings
 * * Secret keys
 * * Database table prefix
 * * ABSPATH
 *
 * @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php
 *
 * @package WordPress
 */

// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'root');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'MyPas$word4Word_Press');

/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');

/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

/**#@+
 * Authentication Unique Keys and Salts.
 *
 * Change these to different unique phrases!
 * You can generate these using the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}
 * You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies. This will force all users to have to log in again.
 *
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
define('AUTH_KEY',         'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'put your unique phrase here');

/**#@-*/

/**
 * WordPress Database Table prefix.
 *
 * You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
 * a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
 */
$table_prefix  = 'wp_';

/**
 * See http://make.wordpress.org/core/2013/10/25/the-definitive-guide-to-disabling-auto-updates-in-wordpress-3-7
 */

/* Disable all file change, as RPM base installation are read-only */
define('DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true);

/* Disable automatic updater, in case you want to allow
   above FILE_MODS for plugins, themes, ... */
define('AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true);

/* Core update is always disabled, WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE value is ignore */

/**
 * For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
 *
 * Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
 * It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
 * in their development environments.
 *
 * For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
 * visit the Codex.
 *
 * @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_in_WordPress
 */
define('WP_DEBUG', false);

/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
    define('ABSPATH', '/usr/share/wordpress');

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

如果你上面的步驟沒有使用教程建立的密碼,請修改下面命令中的密碼登入

配置 Nginx

WordPress 已經安裝完畢,我們配置 Nginx 把請求轉發給 PHP-FPM 來處理

首先,重新命名預設的配置檔案:[?]

cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
mv default.conf defaut.conf.bak

在 /etc/nginx/conf.d 建立 wordpress.conf 配置,參考下面的內容:

示例程式碼:/etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf

server {
    listen 80;
    root /usr/share/wordpress;
    location / {
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php index.php;
    }
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

配置後,通知 Nginx 程序重新載入:

nginx -s reload

預設的 Server 監聽 80 埠,與 WordPress 的服務埠衝突,將其重新命名為 .bak 字尾以禁用預設配置