virtualenvwrapper 時一個基於virtualenv之上的工具，它將所有的虛擬環境統一管理。

安裝

使用pip進行安裝

# whoami at iamwho in [~]
$ pip install virtualenvwrapper -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/

初次啟動

• Ubuntu自帶python安裝的virtualenvwrapper

source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

• miniconda或者anaconda安裝的virtualenvwrapper

source miniconda2/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
 

還可以將該命令新增到~/.bashrc或~/.profie等shell啟動檔案中，以便登陸shell後可直接使用virtualenvwrapper提供的命令。

對於virtualenvwrapper的配置：

if [ `id -u` != '0' ]; then

  export VIRTUALENV_USE_DISTRIBUTE=1        	# <-- Always use pip/distribute
  export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs       	# <-- Where all virtualenvs will be stored
 

  source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
  export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME
  export PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=true

fi

將上面的配置新增到 ~/.bashrc 的末尾或者~/.zshrc

虛擬環境

virtualenvwrapper預設將所有的虛擬環境放在~/.virtualenvs目錄下管理，

# whoami at iamwho in [~]
$ source miniconda2/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh 
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/premkproject
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/postmkproject
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/initialize
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/premkvirtualenv
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/postmkvirtualenv
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/prermvirtualenv
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/postrmvirtualenv
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/get_env_details
 

可以修改環境變數WORKON_HOME來指定虛擬環境的儲存目錄。

常用命令

• mkvirtualenv

  usage:

  mkvirtualenv 	[-a project_path] 
  				[-i package] 
  				[-r requirements_file] 
  				[virtualenv options] env_name
  

• workon

  workon env_name
      Deactivate any currently activated virtualenv
      and activate the named environment, triggering
      any hooks in the process.
  
  workon == lsvirtualenv
      Print a list of available environments.
      (See also lsvirtualenv -b)
  
  workon (-h|--help)
  	Show this help message.
  
  workon (-c|--cd) envname
      After activating the environment, cd to the associated
      project directory if it is set.
  
  workon (-n|--no-cd) envname
  	After activating the environment, do not cd to the
  	associated project directory.
  

• lsvirtualenv is equal to workon without params

• deactivate 跟virtualenv的一樣

• rmvirtualenv

  $ rmvirtualenv --help
  Removing --help...
  Did not find environment /home/whoami/.virtualenvs/--help to remove.
  

以上為常用的命令足夠用，具體引數其實跟virtualenv差不多。