習題 13:  引數、解包、變數

大體來說就是寫個接受引數的指令碼

argv  是所謂的“引數變數 (argument variable)”，是一個非常標準的程式設計術語。在其他的程式語言裡你

也可以看到它。這個變數包含了你傳遞給  Python 的引數。

ex11.py

#-*- coding:utf-8-*-

from sys import argv  #其實就是允許使用argv這個內建變數，而import就是模組(modules）

script, first, second, third = argv

#解包，script是指令碼（xxx.py）檔名

#first, second, third分別是第1,2,3個命令列引數

print "The script is called:", script

print "Your first variable is:", first

print "Your second variable is:", second

print "Your third variable is:",third

執行結果:

感悟與自我測試:

raw_input()與argv的區別：使用的時機不同，由以上例子可以看出，

argv是在在使用者執行時候使用的。

raw_input()則是在使用中使用的。

以下進行合併測試：

ex13_1.py

#-*- coding:utf-8-*-

from

script, first, second, third, fourth = argv

print "The script is called:",script

print "The first dog is called:", first

print "The second dog is called:", second

print "The third dog is called:", third

print "The fourth dog is called:", fourth

name =raw_input("What's you name?")

print "Oh, %r, your are so good!" %name

執行結果:

習題 14:  提示和傳遞

目標：

v 和 raw_input，為如何讀寫檔案做基礎

ex14.py

# -*- coding: utf-8-*-

from sys import argv

script,user_name = argv  #此處只定義一個，所以之後需要跟一個命令引數

prompt = '>'

prompt1 = '>>>>'

print "Hi %s, I'm the %s script." %(user_name, script)

#此處也很好理解，一個是我們跟的命令引數，

#一個是這個指令碼的名稱，此處為ex14.py

print "I'd like to ask you a few questions."

print "Do you like me %s?" % user_name

likes = raw_input(prompt)

print "Where do you live %s?" %user_name

lives = raw_input(prompt1)

print "What kind of computer do you have?"

computer = raw_input(prompt)

print """

Alright, so you said %r about likingme.

You live in %r. Not sure where thatis.

And you have a %r computer. Nice.

""" %(likes , lives, computer)

執行結果:

習題 15:  讀取檔案

目標與感悟：

ex15.py

# -*- coding:utf-8-*-

from sys import argv

script, filename = argv 

txt = open(filename)  #txt表示動作，開啟filename

print "Here'syour file %r:" %filename #列印所跟的命令引數

print txt.read()   #理解為固定用法，讀取txt的內容

print "Typethe filename again:" #詢問是否再一次讀取

file_again = raw_input(">") #用>來引導輸入，將輸入的結果定義給file_again

txt_again = open(file_again) #將開啟輸入結果檔案的動作定義給txt_again

printtxt_again.read()   #列印讀取txt_again的內容

ex15_sample.txt

This is stuff Ityped into a file.

It is really coolstuff.

Lots and lots of funto have in here.

執行結果: