spring cloud : 閘道器Zuul(過濾:安全、監控、限流、路由)
單點搭建
注意：藍色虛線代表註冊；綠色虛線代表呼叫、紅色虛線代表心跳
1. 新增依賴
建立專案tcloud-gateway-zuulserver , pom.xml內容如下
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion> <groupId> com.svw.tbox.tcloud.gateway</groupId> <artifactId>tcloud-gateway-zuulserver</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>tcloud-gateway-zuulserver</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <parent <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <!-- 引入spring cloud的依賴 --> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Camden.SR4</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project> |
2. 啟動類開啟zuul
package com.svw.tbox.tcloud.gateway.zuul; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy; @SpringBootApplication @EnableZuulProxy publicclass ZuulApplication { publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args); } } |
3. application.yml配置埠和註冊到eurekaserver
server: port: 8200 spring: application: name: tcloud-gateway-zuulserver eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka/ instance: prefer-ip-address:true |
4. 效果
啟動tcloud-user-eurekaserver 2個例項程序
啟動tcloud-user-provider 2個例項程序
啟動tcloud-user-consumer 1個例項程序
啟動tcloud-gateway-zuulserver
ü 小結
前提條件： Eureka Server註冊的微服務的serviceId 在此處簡稱ms_id ； Eureka Server註冊的微服務的IP 在此處簡稱 ms_ip ； Eureka Server註冊的微服務的埠號 在此處簡稱 ms_port 。 |
Zuul轉發規則是： http://閘道器IP地址:閘道器埠號/ms_id/** 會被轉發到 =》 http:// ms_ip: ms_port/** |
1. 高可用
原理：
Zuul 作為 Eureka Client ，建立多個ZuulEureka Client註冊到Eureka Server叢集
=>將多個Zuul節點註冊到eureka sever
操作：
1.tcloud-gateway-zuulserver修改依賴pom.xml改成:
server: port: 8200 spring: application: name: tcloud-gateway-zuulserver eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka/,http://localhost:8101/eureka/ instance: prefer-ip-address:true |
複製tcloud-gateway-zuulserver 專案 ，命名tcloud-gateway-zuulserver2修改 pom.xml
server: port: 8201 spring: application: name: tcloud-gateway-zuulserver eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka/,http://localhost:8101/eureka/ instance: prefer-ip-address:true |
啟動兩個zuul server
=》重啟provider和consumer微服務 ，執行效果和單節點一樣
如果微服務下線了，針對每個微服務，都需要回復一箇中文提示，而不是報異常
1. 修改zuul server
1. 針對微服務tcloud-user-consumer添加回退類
package com.svw.tbox.tcloud.gateway.zuul.fallback; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.ZuulFallbackProvider; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.nio.charset.Charset; @Component public class ConsumerFallbackProvider implements ZuulFallbackProvider { @Override public String getRoute() { // 表明是為哪個微服務提供回退 return "tcloud-user-consumer"; } @Override public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse() { return new ClientHttpResponse() { @Override public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException { // fallback時的狀態碼 return HttpStatus.OK; } @Override public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException { // 數字型別的狀態碼，本例返回的其實就是200，詳見HttpStatus return this.getStatusCode().value(); } @Override public String getStatusText() throws IOException { // 狀態文字，本例返回的其實就是OK，詳見HttpStatus return this.getStatusCode().getReasonPhrase(); } @Override public void close() { } @Override public InputStream getBody() throws IOException { // 響應體 return new ByteArrayInputStream("tcloud-user-consumer微服務不可用，請稍後再試。".getBytes()); } @Override public HttpHeaders getHeaders() { // headers設定 HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); MediaType mt = new MediaType("application","json", Charset.forName("UTF-8")); headers.setContentType(mt); return headers; } }; } } |
2. 效果
按照如下順序啟動：
=> tcloud-base-eurekaserver
=>tcloud-commons-configserver
=>tcloud-gateway-zuulserver
=>tcloud-user-provider
=>tcloud-user-consumer
關閉：tcloud-user-consumer
參考3.9.4配置檔案動態更新,將閘道器作為一個config client,註冊到Eureka、config server ，連線到kafka。
1. Pom.xml新增依賴
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-kafka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> |
2. 新增配置引數
eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:8100/eureka/ instance: prefer-ip-address:true server: port: 8200 spring: application: name: tcloud-gateway cloud: stream: default-binder: kafka kafka: binder: zk-nodes: localhost:2181 brokers: localhost:9092 config: failFast:true profile: local label: develop discovery: enabled:true serviceId: tcloud-commons-config-server |
3. 啟動類中註冊自動配置bean @RefreshScope
@SpringBootApplication @EnableZuulProxy @EnableFeignClients @EnableHystrix publicclass GatewayApplication { publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args); } @RefreshScope @ConfigurationProperties("zuul") public ZuulProperties zuulProperties() { returnnew ZuulProperties(); } } |
4. 配置路由引數
zuul: add-host-header:true routes: tcloud-security-auth: /auth/** tcloud-commons-config-server: /config/** tcloud-gateway: /gateway/** management: security: enabled:false |
5. 效果
1. 開啟基礎服務
開啟zookeeper、kafka
2. 寫一個微服務測試controller
@RefreshScope @RestController @RequestMapping("/mqtt") publicclass MqttController { @Value("${profile}") private String profile; @RequestMapping(value = "/profile", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String profile() { returnprofile; } …… |
3. 修改路由地址
zuul: add-host-header:true routes: tcloud-security-auth: /check/** tcloud-commons-config-server: /config/** tcloud-gateway: /gateway/** management: security: enabled:false |
4. 請求自動重新整理引數
5. 再次請求
