Android學習:Gallery的相簿應用
0.前言
這個學期有嵌入式的課程,需要做一個嵌入式的成品,本來我不想做帶系統的東西,但老師說了,上海是服務型的城市,我知道你們怕帶系統的東西,做帶系統的比較好Balabalabala……好吧,按老師的要求,我們準備做安卓下的電子相簿,圖片從外部儲存SD卡上讀取(很搞笑誒,做個相簿需要用安卓麼,純粹為了學習)
之前一直沒接觸過安卓,前期查了點資料,開始起步學習Android,準備用控制元件Gallery,之後發現該控制元件“Deprecated since API level16“也就是Android4.1.2,但網路上Gallery的資料比較多,對於我這個新手比較好入手,大體效果如下:
測試系統:MIUI-4.4.4,Android-4.1.1
1.佈局
首先在佈局檔案中加入兩個Gallery,上面的叫biggallery,由於原有的Gallery一滑動就會滑過許多格,要實現一次滑一屏的效果,我們寫了自定義的myGallery類,繼承Gallery,下面縮圖的是原有的Gallery
佈局檔案如下:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:context="com.example.test.MainActivity$PlaceholderFragment" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <com.example.test.myGallery android:id="@+id/biggalleryid" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:background="#000000" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:spacing="5dip"/> <Gallery android:id="@+id/galleryid" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:background="#000000" android:layout_height="80dip" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:spacing="1dip"/> </RelativeLayout>
新建一個myGallery類繼承Gallery:
3.讀取圖片package com.example.test; import android.content.Context; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.KeyEvent; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.widget.Gallery; public class myGallery extends Gallery { public myGallery(Context context) { super(context); this.setStaticTransformationsEnabled(true); } public myGallery(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); this.setStaticTransformationsEnabled(true); } public myGallery(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); this.setStaticTransformationsEnabled(true); } private boolean isScrollingLeft(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2) { return e2.getX() > e1.getX(); } @Override public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { // e1是按下的事件,e2是擡起的事件 int keyCode; if (isScrollingLeft(e1, e2)) { keyCode = KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT; } else { keyCode = KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT; } onKeyDown(keyCode, null); return true; } }
建立好了兩個Gallery,接下來,我們需要讀取外部SD卡中的圖片了,我是通過把圖片的路徑放入一個List中實現的,由getpicpath(String sdpath)來實現。我感覺這個應用比較難的地方是順暢地載入圖片,我們知道從外部SD卡讀取圖片是慢的,從快取中直接讀是比較快的,還有一點就是現在的相機畫素都比較高,載入照片就容易慢。對於載入慢的這個問題,我們可以在程式onCreat()的時候先把縮圖載入進記憶體(注意要是縮圖,不然容易造成記憶體溢位),供下面的Gallery使用;之前,我不是這麼做的,我是在滑動的時候進行圖片解碼decodeSampledBitmapFromFile(),這樣的話,滑動一次就要解碼載入一次,快速滑動的話會連續載入沿路的圖片,還會更加地卡。
4.載入介面卡
我們載入好圖片、建立好Gallery之後,怎麼把這兩者聯絡起來呢,一個是資料來源,一個是檢視View,這中間要有一個介面卡,我們可以使用一個繼承自BaseAdapter類的派生類ImageAdapter來裝這些圖片。
在ImageAdapter類中我們需要實現Adapter類中的如下四個抽象方法:
(1)public int getCount();
(2)public Object getItem(int position);
(3)public long getItemId(int position);
(4)public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent);
其中,getCount()方法用於獲取ImageAdapter介面卡中圖片個數;getItem()方法用於獲取圖片在ImageAdapter介面卡中的位置;getItemId()方法用於獲取圖片在ImageAdapter介面卡中位置;getView()用於獲取ImageAdapter介面卡中指定位置的檢視物件。
MainActivity類如下:
package com.example.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.ActionBar.LayoutParams;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.hardware.Sensor;
import android.hardware.SensorEvent;
import android.hardware.SensorEventListener;
import android.hardware.SensorManager;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.v4.util.LruCache;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageSwitcher;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory;
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity /*implements ViewFactory*/{
private List<String> photolist = new ArrayList<String>();
private myGallery biggallery;
private Gallery gallery;
private ImageAdapter imageAdapter;
private BigImageAdapter bigimageAdapter;
private int galleryItemBackground;
private String newFilePath;
private int downX,upX;
private LruCache<String, Bitmap> dateCache;
private int motionStatus;
private SensorManager sensormanager;
private Sensor lightsensor,orientationsensor,accelerometersensor;
private String sen;
private int delay;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.fragment_main);
//獲得感測器列表
sensormanager = (SensorManager)getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);
List<Sensor> sensors = sensormanager.getSensorList(Sensor.TYPE_ALL);
for(Sensor sensor:sensors)
sen = sensor.getName();
lightsensor = (Sensor)sensormanager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_LIGHT);
accelerometersensor = (Sensor)sensormanager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER);
orientationsensor = (Sensor)sensormanager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION);
//獲得所有圖片路徑
String sdpath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/DCIM/Camera/";
getpicpath(sdpath);
//gallery設定背景
TypedArray a = obtainStyledAttributes(R.styleable.Gallery1);
galleryItemBackground = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.Gallery1_android_galleryItemBackground, 0);
a.recycle();
//new一個快取
dateCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(photolist.size());
gallery = (Gallery)findViewById(R.id.galleryid);
biggallery = (myGallery)findViewById(R.id.biggalleryid);
imageAdapter = new ImageAdapter(photolist,this,galleryItemBackground);
gallery.setAdapter(imageAdapter);
bigimageAdapter = new BigImageAdapter(photolist,this,0);
biggallery.setAdapter(bigimageAdapter);
gallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener(){
public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,int position, long when){
imageAdapter.setSelectItem(position);
biggallery.setSelection(position);
}
public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {}
});
biggallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener(){
public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,int position, long when){
// gallery.setSelection(position);
}
public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {}
});
}
protected void onResume() {
sensormanager.registerListener(new SensorEventListener(){
public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event){
// float value0 = event.values[0];
// float value1 = event.values[1];
float value2 = event.values[2];
System.out.println("value2:"+value2);
delay += value2;
if((value2<10)&&(value2>-10))delay=0;
if(delay>100){
delay=0;
if(imageAdapter.getShowingIndex()!=0)
gallery.setSelection(imageAdapter.getShowingIndex()-1);
}
if(delay<-100){
delay=0;
if(imageAdapter.getShowingIndex()!=imageAdapter.getCount()-1)
gallery.setSelection(imageAdapter.getShowingIndex()+1);
}
}
public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor,int accuracy){
}
},orientationsensor,sensormanager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI);
super.onResume();
}
protected void onPause() {
//登出所有感測器的監聽
// sensormanager.unregisterListener();
super.onPause();
}
private class MyTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
/*int showing = adapter.getShowingIndex();// 記錄當前正在顯示圖片的id
Bitmap[] bitmaps = adapter.getNearBitmaps();//獲得Adapter中的快取圖片陣列
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 2;
if(motionStatus==-1){//向前滑動,bitmaps[0]載入新的圖片
bitmaps[2]=bitmaps[1];
bitmaps[1]=bitmaps[0];
if(showing>=2)
bitmaps[0]=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imagesId[showing - 2],
options);
}
if(motionStatus==1){//向後滑動,bitmaps[2]載入新的圖片
bitmaps[0]=bitmaps[1];
bitmaps[1]=bitmaps[2];
if(showing<=imagesId.length-3)
bitmaps[2]=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imagesId[showing + 2],
options);
}
adapter.setShowingIndex(showing+motionStatus);*/
return null;
}
}
/*
* 註冊一個觸控事件
*/
private OnTouchListener touchListener = new View.OnTouchListener() {
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if(event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)
{
downX=(int) event.getX();//取得按下時的座標
return true;
}
else if(event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_UP)
{
upX=(int) event.getX();//取得鬆開時的座標
int index=0;
if(upX-downX>70)//從左拖到右,即看前一張
{
//如果是第一,則去到尾部
if(gallery.getSelectedItemPosition()==0)
index=gallery.getCount()-1;
else
index=gallery.getSelectedItemPosition()-1;
//改變gallery圖片所選,自動觸發ImageSwitcher的setOnItemSelectedListener
biggallery.setSelection(index, true); }
else if(downX-upX>70)//從右拖到左,即看後一張
{
//如果是最後,則去到第一
if(gallery.getSelectedItemPosition()==(gallery.getCount()-1))
index=0;
else
index=gallery.getSelectedItemPosition()+1;
gallery.setSelection(index, true);
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
};
//以下三個函式的作用:獲取所有圖片的路徑,並放入LIST中
private String isSdcard(){
File sdcardDir=null;
boolean isSDExist=Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
if(isSDExist){
sdcardDir=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
return sdcardDir.toString();
}
else{
return null;
}
}
//
public void getpicpath(String sdpath){
//開啟SD卡目錄
File file = new File(sdpath);
//獲取SD卡目錄列表
File[] files =file.listFiles();
for(int z=0;z<files.length;z++){
File f = files[z];
if(f.isFile()){
isfile(f);
}
/*else{
notfile(f);
}*/
}
}
//若是檔案
public void isfile(File file){
String filename=file.getName();
int idx = filename.lastIndexOf(".");
if (idx <= 0) {
return;
}
String suffix =filename.substring(idx+1, filename.length());
if (suffix.toLowerCase().equals("jpg") ||
suffix.toLowerCase().equals("jpeg") ||
suffix.toLowerCase().equals("bmp") ||
suffix.toLowerCase().equals("png") ||
suffix.toLowerCase().equals("gif") ){
// mapsd.put("imagepath",file.getPath().toString());
String filestring = file.getPath().toString();
photolist.add(filestring);
}
}
}