1. 程式人生 > >linux檢視各種硬體資訊的方法

linux檢視各種硬體資訊的方法

1.顯示卡資訊
  dmesg | grep -i vga
  lspci | grep -i vga //檢視顯示卡資訊

2.dmidecode | grep -i 'serrial number' //檢視主機板資訊,檢視主機板的序列號

3.CPU資訊

  #通過/proc檔案系統
  cat /proc/cpuinfo
  dmesg | grep -i cpu
  #通過檢視開機資訊
  dmidecode -t processor

4.硬碟資訊
  fdisk -l //分割槽情況
  df -h //大小情況
  du -h //使用情況
  dmesg | grep sda

5.記憶體資訊
  cat /proc/meminfo
  dmesg | grep mem
  free -m
  vmstat
  dmldecode | grep -i mem

6.網絡卡資訊
  dmesg | grep -i eth
  lspci | grep -i eth

7.滑鼠鍵盤和USB資訊
  cat /proc/bus/input/devices 檢視鍵盤和滑鼠
  cat /proc/bus/usb/devices 檢視USB裝置
  cat /proc/interrupts

8.音效卡資訊
  lspci | grep -i vga
  dmesg | grep -i vga

9.其他命令
  lspci (顯示外裝置資訊,如USB,網絡卡等資訊)

續:

檢視主機板的序列號: dmidecode | grep -i ’serial number’

用硬體檢測程式kuduz探測新硬體:service kudzu start ( or restart)

檢視CPU資訊:cat /proc/cpuinfo [dmesg | grep -i 'cpu'][dmidecode -t processor]

檢視記憶體資訊:cat /proc/meminfo [free -m][vmstat]

查看板卡資訊:cat /proc/pci

檢視顯示卡/音效卡資訊:lspci |grep -i ‘VGA’[dmesg | grep -i 'VGA']

檢視網絡卡資訊:dmesg | grep -i ‘eth’[cat /etc/sysconfig/hwconf | grep -i eth][lspci | grep -i 'eth']
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檢視PCI資訊:lspci (相比cat /proc/pci更直觀)

檢視USB裝置:cat /proc/bus/usb/devices

檢視鍵盤和滑鼠:cat /proc/bus/input/devices

檢視系統硬碟資訊和使用情況:fdisk & disk – l & df

檢視各裝置的中斷請求(IRQ):cat /proc/interrupts

檢視系統體系結構:uname -a

檢視及啟動系統的32位或64位核心模式:isalist –v [isainfo –v][isainfo –b]

dmidecode檢視硬體資訊,包括bios、cpu、記憶體等資訊

測定當前的顯示器重新整理頻率:/usr/sbin/ffbconfig –rev \?

檢視系統配置:/usr/platform/sun4u/sbin/prtdiag –v

檢視當前系統中已經應用的補丁:showrev –p

顯示當前的執行級別:who –rH

檢視當前的bind版本資訊:nslookup –class=chaos –q=txt version.bind

dmesg | more 檢視硬體資訊
lspci 顯示外設資訊, 如usb,網絡卡等資訊
lsnod 檢視已載入的驅動
lshw
psrinfo -v 檢視當前處理器的型別和速度(主頻)
prtconf -v 列印當前的OBP版本號
iostat –E 檢視硬碟物理資訊(vendor, RPM, Capacity)
prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s 檢視磁碟的幾何引數和分割槽資訊
df –F ufs –o i 顯示已經使用和未使用的i-node數目
isalist –v

對於“/proc”中檔案可使用檔案檢視命令瀏覽其內容,檔案中包含系統特定資訊:
Cpuinfo 主機CPU資訊
Dma 主機DMA通道資訊
Filesystems 檔案系統資訊
Interrupts 主機中斷資訊
Ioprots 主機I/O埠號資訊
Meninfo 主機記憶體資訊
Version Linux記憶體版本資訊

備註: proc – process information pseudo-filesystem 程序資訊偽裝檔案系統

檢視音效卡資訊的方法:

檢視核心alsa版本(需要與alsa-utils版本一致)

cat /proc/asound/version

Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.16.

Compiled on Dec  2 2008 for kernel 2.6.24-23-generic (SMP).



音效卡資訊

~$ aplay -l

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****

card 0: ICH5 [Intel ICH5], device 0: Intel ICH [Intel ICH5]

  Subdevices: 0/1

  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

card 0: ICH5 [Intel ICH5], device 4: Intel ICH - IEC958 [Intel ICH5 - IEC958]

  Subdevices: 1/1

  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0



硬體資訊 之 音效卡(lshw指list hardware,是一個軟體)

~$ sudo lshw -C sound

  *-multimedia UNCLAIMED  

       description: Multimedia audio controller

       product: 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller

       vendor: Intel Corporation

       physical id: 1f.5

       bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.5

       version: 03

       width: 32 bits

       clock: 33MHz

       capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list

       configuration: latency=0



系統模組狀態 之 聲音

~$ lsmod | grep -i snd

snd_pcm_oss            46496  0 

snd_mixer_oss          22784  1 snd_pcm_oss

snd_pcm                83844  1 snd_pcm_oss

snd_seq_dummy          11012  0 

snd_seq_oss            39936  0 

snd_seq_midi           14368  0 

snd_rawmidi            29728  1 snd_seq_midi

snd_seq_midi_event     15232  2 snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi

snd_seq                58352  6 snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event

snd_timer              29448  2 snd_pcm,snd_seq

snd_seq_device         15500  5 snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq

snd                    64164  9 
snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_oss,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device

soundcore              15328  1 snd

snd_page_alloc         16776  1 snd_pcm



# below is the module listing with working sound in kernel 2.6.24-21

:~$ cat sndmodules

snd_intel8x0           35868  3 

snd_ac97_codec        102176  1 snd_intel8x0

ac97_bus                3200  1 snd_ac97_codec

snd_pcm_oss            42528  0 

snd_mixer_oss          18048  1 snd_pcm_oss

snd_pcm                79748  3 snd_intel8x0,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_oss

snd_seq_dummy           4996  0 

snd_seq_oss            35456  0 

snd_seq_midi            9504  0 

snd_rawmidi            25888  1 snd_seq_midi

snd_seq_midi_event      8576  2 snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi

snd_seq                54096  6 snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event

snd_timer              24964  2 snd_pcm,snd_seq

snd_seq_device          9612  5 snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_oss,snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq

snd                    59812  17 
snd_intel8x0,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_oss,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device

soundcore               8800  1 snd

snd_page_alloc         12552  2 snd_intel8x0,snd_pcm



#I have a disabled volume control applet on the panel (red cross)

# attempting to use it give the following message

The volume control did not find any elements and/or devices to control. 
This means either that you don't have the right GStreamer plugins 
installed, or that you don't have a sound card configured.