ES基本查詢

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-03-03

rop and operator 版本號 pre led lar time cor

數據準備

# 創建索引
PUT /lib1
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 5
    , "number_of_replicas": 0
  },
  "mappings": {
    "user":{
      "properties": {
        "name":{"type":"text"},
        "adress":{"type":"text"},
        "age":{"type":"integer"},
        "interests":{"type":"text"},
        "birthday":{"type":"date"}
 
      }
    }
  }
}
# 添加數據
PUT /lib1/user/1
{
  "name":"zhaoliu",
  "adress":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
  "age":50,
  "birthday":"1970-10-12",
  "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib1/user/2
{
  "name":"zhaoming",
  "adress":"bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
  "age":20,
  "birthday":"1998-10-12",
  "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
 
}
PUT /lib1/user/3
{
  "name":"lisi",
  "adress":"bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
  "age":50,
  "birthday":"1998-10-12",
  "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib1/user/4
{
  "name":"wangwu",
  "adress":"bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
  "age":20,
  "birthday":"1995-10-12",
  "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
 
}
PUT /lib1/user/5
{
  "name":"zhangsan",
  "adress":"bei jing chao yang qu",
  "age":29,
  "birthday":"1988-10-12",
  "interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"
}
# 簡單條件查詢
GET /lib1/user/_search?q=name:lisi
GET /lib1/user/_search?q=interests:changge&sort=age:desc

term查詢和terms查詢

term query回去倒排索引中尋找確切的term，它並不知道分詞器的存在。這種查詢適合keyword、numeric、date。

term：查詢某個字段含有某個關鍵詞的文檔

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "name": "zhaoliu"
    }
  }
}
# 查詢結果
{
  "took": 2,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 0.2876821,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoliuwu",
          "adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
          "age": 49,
          "birthday": "1970-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

terms:查詢某個字段裏含有多個關鍵詞的文檔

# 查詢
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "terms": {
      "interests": ["hejiu","changge"]
    }
  }
}
# 查詢的結果為interests字段包含heijiu、changge、hejiu和changge的文檔
{
  "took": 5,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1.5467954,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1.5467954,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoming",
          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
          "age": 20,
          "birthday": "1998-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "5",
        "_score": 0.2824934,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhangsan",
          "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu",
          "age": 29,
          "birthday": "1988-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.2824934,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoliuwu",
          "adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
          "age": 49,
          "birthday": "1970-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
# 指定返回結果為2個文檔
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "from": 0, 
  "size": 2, 
  "query": {
    "terms": {
      "interests": ["hejiu","changge"]
    }
  }
}
# 指定返回結果中含版本號
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "from": 0, 
  "size": 2,    "version": true,   "query": {    "terms": {      "interests": ["hejiu","changge"]    }  }}# 查詢結果{  "took": 5,  "timed_out": false,  "_shards": {    "total": 5,    "successful": 5,    "failed": 0  },  "hits": {    "total": 3,    "max_score": 1.5467954,    "hits": [      {        "_index": "lib1",        "_type": "user",        "_id": "2",        "_version": 3,        "_score": 1.5467954,        "_source": {          "name": "zhaoming",          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",          "age": 20,          "birthday": "1998-10-12",          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"        }      },      {        "_index": "lib1",        "_type": "user",        "_id": "5",        "_version": 2,        "_score": 0.2824934,        "_source": {          "name": "zhangsan",          "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu",          "age": 29,          "birthday": "1988-10-12",          "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"        }      }    ]  }}

match查詢

math query指定分詞器的存在，會對filed進行分詞操作，然後再查詢

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "zhaoliuwu"
    }
  }
}
# 執行結果
{
  "took": 2,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 0.2876821,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoliuwu",
          "adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
          "age": 49,
          "birthday": "1970-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
?
# 查詢
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "zhaoliuwu zhaoming"
    }
  }
}
# 執行結果
{
  "took": 4,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 0.80259144,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.80259144,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoming",
          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
          "age": 20,
          "birthday": "1998-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoliuwu",
          "adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
          "age": 49,
          "birthday": "1970-10-12",          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"        }      }    ]  }}

match_all：查詢所有文檔

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

multi_match：指定多個字段

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "changge",
      "fields": ["interests","name"]
    }
  }
}

match_phrase：短語匹配查詢

ElasticSearch引擎首先分析查詢字符串，從分析後的文本中構建短語查詢，這意味著必須匹配短語中的所有分詞，並且保證各個分詞的相對位置不變：

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "interests": "duanlian,changge"
    }
  }
}
# 執行結果
{
  "took": 12,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 1.5467954,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1.5467954,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoming",
          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
          "age": 20,
          "birthday": "1998-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

指定查詢字段

# 指定查詢字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "_source": {
    "includes": ["name","adress"]
  }, 
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}
# 排除查詢字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "_source": {
    "excludes": ["name","adress"]
  }, 
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}
# 通配符匹配查詢字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "_source": {
    "includes":"adr*",
    "excludes": ["name","bir*"]
  }, 
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}
# 執行結果
{
  "took": 8,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 5,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "5",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "4",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "adress": "北京海澱區清河"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,        "_source": {          "adress": "北京海澱區清河"        }      }    ]  }}

排序

使用sort實現排序：desc降序，asc升序

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "sort": [
    {
      "age": {
        "order": "desc"
      }
    }
  ]
}
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "sort": [
    {
      "age": {
        "order": "asc"
      }
    }
  ]
}

前綴匹配

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase_prefix": {
      "name": {
        "query": "zhao"
      }
    }
  }
}

範圍查詢

# []
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "birthday": {
        "from": "1990-10-10",
        "to": "2018-05-01"
      }
    }
  }
}
# ()
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "birthday": {
        "from": "1995-10-12",
        "to": "1998-10-12",
        "include_lower":false,
        "include_upper":false
      }
    }
  }
}
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "age": {
        "gte": 20,
        "lte": 28
      }
    }
  }
}

wildcard查詢

允許使用通配符*和？來進行查詢

*代表0個或多個字符
？代表任意一個字符

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "wildcard": {
      "name": {
        "value": "li?i"
      }
    }
  }
}
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "wildcard": {
      "name": "zhao*"
    }
  }
}

fuzzy實現模糊查詢

value：查詢的關鍵字
boost：查詢的權值，默認值是1.0
min_similarity：設置匹配的最小相似度，默認值是0.5，對於字符串，取值為0-1（包括0和1）；對於數值，取值可能大於1；對於日期型取值為1d，1m等。
prefix_length：指名區分詞項的共同前綴長度，默認是0

max_expansion：查詢中的詞項可以擴展的數目，默認可以無限大

# 查詢
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "fuzzy": {
      "name":"zhliuwu"
    }
  }
}
# 查詢結果
{
  "took": 5,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 0.2054872,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.2054872,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoliuwu",
          "adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
          "age": 49,
          "birthday": "1970-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
?
# 查詢
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "fuzzy": {
      "interests": {
        "value": "chagge"
      }
    }
  }
  , "highlight": {
    "fields": {
      "interests": {}
    }
  }
}
# 執行結果
{
  "took": 43,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 0.64449805,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.64449805,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoming",
          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
          "age": 20,
          "birthday": "1998-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
        },
        "highlight": {
          "interests": [
            "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,<em>changge</em>"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",        "_id": "5",        "_score": 0.23541118,        "_source": {          "name": "zhangsan",          "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu",          "age": 29,          "birthday": "1988-10-12",          "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"        },        "highlight": {          "interests": [            "xi huan tingyinyue,<em>changge</em>,lvyou"          ]        }      }    ]  }}

高亮搜索結果

GET /lib1/user/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "interests": "changge"
    }
  },
  "highlight": {
    "fields": {"interests": {}}
  }
}
# 查詢結果
{
  "took": 6,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 0.7733977,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.7733977,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhaoming",
          "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
          "age": 20,
          "birthday": "1998-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
        },
        "highlight": {
          "interests": [
            "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,<em>changge</em>"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "lib1",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": "5",
        "_score": 0.2824934,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhangsan",
          "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu",
          "age": 29,
          "birthday": "1988-10-12",
          "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"
        },
        "highlight": {
          "interests": [
            "xi huan tingyinyue,<em>changge</em>,lvyou"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

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ES基本查詢

數據準備

term查詢和terms查詢

match查詢

排序

前綴匹配

範圍查詢

wildcard查詢

fuzzy實現模糊查詢

高亮搜索結果

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