1.ListView的簡單使用

首先建立一個新的項目，在xml文件中添加ListView控件，如下所示：

<ListView
    android:id="@+id/list_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
</ListView>
接下來修改MainActivity中的代碼：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private String[] data={"Apple","Banana","Orange","Watermelon","Pear","Grape","Pineapple","Strawberry","Cherry","Mango","Apple","Banana","Orange","Watermelon","Pear","Grape","Pineapple","Strawberry","Cherry","Mango"};
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ArrayAdapter<String> adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,data);
        ListView listView=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
 
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}
將數據存儲在數組中，借助ArrayAdapter適配器傳遞數據給ListView，最後調用setAdapter()方法，將適配器對象傳遞出去，關聯建立完成。

2.定制ListView的界面

定義一個新的實體類，作為ListView適配器的適配類型。

public class Fruit {
    private String name;//水果名字
    private int imageId;//水果對應圖片id
    public Fruit(String name,int imageId){
        this.name=name;
 
        this.imageId=imageId;
    }

    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }

    public java.lang.String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}
指定一個自定義布局，代碼如下

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        />
</LinearLayout>
其中控件ImageView用來顯示水果圖片，TextView用來顯示水果名稱。
接下來自定義一個適配器，繼承自ArrayAdapter：
public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit>{
    private int resourceId;
    public FruitAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Fruit> objects){
        super(context,textViewResourceId,objects);
        resourceId=textViewResourceId;
    }
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){
        Fruit fruit=getItem(position);
        View view= LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,parent,false);
        ImageView fruitImage=(ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
        TextView fruitName=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        return view;
    }
}
FruitAdapter重寫了父類的一組構造函數，用於將上下文、ListView子項布局的id和數據都傳遞進來。在重寫的getView()方法中，首先通過getItem()方法得到當前的Fruit實例，然後使用LayoutInflater來為這個子項加載我們傳入的數據。
接下來對MainActivity進行修改：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Fruit> fruitlist=new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits();
        FruitAdapter adapter=new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this,R.layout.fruit_item,fruitlist);
        ListView listView=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
    private void initFruits(){
        for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
        {
            Fruit apple=new Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.fruit_1);
            fruitlist.add(apple);
            Fruit banana=new Fruit("banana",R.drawable.fruit_2);
            fruitlist.add(banana);
            Fruit orange=new Fruit("orange",R.drawable.fruit_1);
            fruitlist.add(orange);
            Fruit watermelon=new Fruit("watermelon",R.drawable.fruit_1);
            fruitlist.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear=new Fruit("pear",R.drawable.fruit_2);
            fruitlist.add(pear);
        }
    }
}

運行程序，效果如下：

3.ListView的點擊事件

在MainActivity中添加如下代碼（為ListView註冊一個監聽器），點擊水果時可以顯示該水果名：

listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int position, long id) {
        Fruit fruit=fruitlist.get(position);
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,fruit.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
});
運行程序，效果如下：

Android開發學習記錄--ListView使用