STEP 1. 下載

去往官方下載MySQL包.http://dev.mysql.com

mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

STEP 2. 解壓縮

[root@study mysql]pwd
/root/mysql
[root@study mysql]tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@study mysql]ll
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root      4096 March 19 11:49 mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12
 
-x86_64

STEP 3. 將解壓後的目錄的內容移動到指定的安裝目錄下，我選擇在/usr/local/mysql, 建立相關文件以及修改文件和目錄的屬性

[root@study mysql]test -d /usr/local/mysql || mkdir /usr/local/mysql
#移動第二步中解壓目錄中的所有數據到 /usr/local/mysql中
[root@study mysql] mv mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql

# 查看是否有mysql用戶名和mysql用戶組
[root@study mysql] cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
[root@study mysql] cat /etc/group | grep mysql
 


#如果存在，則刪除用戶和用戶組
[root@study mysql] userdel -r mysql

# 接下來，新建mysql用戶(系統賬號)、mysql用戶組
[root@study mysql] groupadd mysql
[root@study mysql] useradd -r -g mysql mysql

#更改/usr/local/mysql目錄的用戶以及用戶組
[root@study mysql]chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

# 設置mysql用戶為非登錄用戶
[root@study mysql]usermod -s /sbin/nologin mysql
 


# 設置mysql用戶家目錄為/usr/local/mysql
[root@study mysql]usermode -d /usr/local/mysql mysql

####或者可以直接在建立用戶時候指定
[root@study mysql] useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/mysql/ -g mysql

# 創建MySQL 數據目錄
[root@study mysql]mkdir /var/mysql

# 更改目錄權限(用戶以及用戶組)
[root@study mysql]chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql

# 創建 socket文件
[root@study mysql] touch /tmp/mysqld.sock
[root@study mysql] chown mysql:mysql /tmp/mysqld.sock

# 創建pid文件
[root@study mysql] touch /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
[root@study mysql] chow mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid

# 創建 日誌
[root@study mysql] test -d /var/log/mysql || mkdir /var/log/mysql
[root@study mysql] touch /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
[root@study mysql] chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql

STEP 4. 修改配置文件 /etc/my.cnf

[root@study mysql] vim /etc/my.cnf

###

[mysqld]
# 數據目錄
datadir=/var/mysql
# 基礎目錄
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# MySQL監聽端口
port=3306
# soket文件
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock
# 服務器字符集
character-set-server = utf8
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
# mysql 日誌文件
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
# mysql pid文件
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid

STEP 5. 安裝初始化

[root@study mysql] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --intialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/mysql 

出現錯誤
Can‘t find error-message file ‘/usr/local/mysql/share/errmsg.sys‘. Check error-message file location and ‘lc-messages-dir‘ configuration directive

嘗試
將源碼包裏面的/usr/local/mysql/share/english/errmsg.sys復制到/usr/share/mysql/errmsg.sys

STEP 6. 啟動測試以及service文件創建

[root@study mysql] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# 如果能夠通過 ps aux | grep mysqld 能看到信息，證明mysql啟動成功，否則去找相應的日誌錯誤，查明原因

# 建立啟動service，能夠以守護進程的方式運行mysql

[root@sutyd mysql] vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Service]
Type=forking
User=mysql
Group=mysql
PIDFile=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysql.service

# 相應的service 介紹，可以參見 man systems.service 中

STEP 7. 設置開機啟動以及打開防火墻設置

#開機啟動
[root@study mysql] systemctl enable mysqld.service
#防火墻
[root@study mysql] firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=pulibc --add-port=3306/tcp

CentOS 7 安裝MySQL5.7.25