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每日閱讀2019年04月04日(時代周刊)

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那些被父母過度保護的孩子,後來都怎麽樣了?

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The unstoppable love of the snowplow parent

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Helicopter parenting, the practice of hovering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some affluent mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines chugging ahead, clearing any obstacles in their child’s path to success, so they don’t have to encounter failure, frustration or lost opportunities.
Taken to its criminal extreme, that means bribing SAT proctors and paying off college coaches to get children into elite colleges—and then going to great lengths to make sure they never face the humiliation of knowing how they got there. It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for elite preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their toddlers never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running a forgotten assignment to school or calling a coach to request that their child make the team.
Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from toddlers to avoid temper tantrums or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.
But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced an obstacle, what happens when they get into the real world? Learning to solve problems, take risks and overcome frustration are crucial life skills, many child development experts say, and if parents don’t let their children encounter failure, the children don’t acquire them.

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教育
那些被父母過度保護的孩子,後來都怎麽樣了?
宇軒2019-03-27 宇軒
芝加哥大學語言學學士
媒體內容策略規劃師
今日導讀
我們時常聽到有這樣一種父母,“作業不會做,有爸爸幫忙解決;手工不會做,有媽媽來完成。” 他們為了孩子的成功,努力幫助孩子清除前進道路上的所有障礙,這樣的父母被稱為“掃雪機父母”,但如果成長的路上缺乏了挫折和障礙,將來孩子是否能夠面對現實世界中的挑戰呢?今天我們來看一篇《紐約時報》的文章,來了解一下作者如何看待這樣的育兒方式。
帶著問題聽講解
Q1: 如何理解 snowplow parenting?
Q2: temper tantrum 是什麽意思?
Q3: 文中專家對“掃雪機父母”如何評價?
新聞正文
The unstoppable love of the snowplow parent
“掃雪機父母”勢不可擋的愛
Helicopter parenting, the practice of hovering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some affluent mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines chugging ahead, clearing any obstacles in their child’s path to success, so they don’t have to encounter failure, frustration or lost opportunities.
“直升機式”育兒,是指父母一直焦慮地徘徊在孩子身邊,監控著他們的一舉一動的育兒方式,而這已經是 20 世紀的說法了。現在,一些富裕的父母更像是掃雪機:像機器一樣,突突地向前推進,為他們的孩子通往成功的道路上清除一切可能出現的障礙,這樣他們的孩子就不必遭遇失敗和挫折,或是失去機會。
Taken to its criminal extreme, that means bribing SAT proctors and paying off college coaches to get children into elite colleges—and then going to great lengths to make sure they never face the humiliation of knowing how they got there.
如果走到犯罪的極端,那意味著“掃雪機父母”會為了讓他們的孩子進入精英大學,賄賂 SAT 監考人員和大學教練,然後竭盡全力確保他們的孩子不會因為知道自己是如何進入名牌大學而蒙羞。
It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for elite preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their toddlers never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running a forgotten assignment to school or calling a coach to request that their child make the team.
這樣掃雪機式的養育方式其實很早就開始了,父母在孩子出生前就進入了精英學前班的候選名單,並試圖確保他們的孩子永遠不會做任何有可能讓他們沮喪的事。當他們的孩子上學後,這種做法愈演愈烈:把忘在家裏的作業開車送到學校,或者給教練打電話,要求他們的孩子加入球隊。
Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from toddlers to avoid temper tantrums or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.
的確,撫養孩子是父母的職責,當他們的孩子還不夠成熟時,用成年人的智慧為孩子的將來做準備無可厚非。這就是為什麽父母會把某些玩具藏起來,不讓蹣跚學步的孩子看到,以免他們發脾氣,或者在孩子完成大學申請前拿走他們的車鑰匙。
But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced an obstacle, what happens when they get into the real world?
但是一些專家說,掃雪機父母可能做過頭了。如果孩子們從來沒有遇到過障礙,當他們進入現實世界時會發生什麽?
Learning to solve problems, take risks and overcome frustration are crucial life skills, many child development experts say, and if parents don’t let their children encounter failure, the children don’t acquire them.
許多兒童發展專家說,學會解決問題、承擔風險和克服挫折是至關重要的生活技能。如果父母不讓他們的孩子遭遇失敗,孩子們將無法獲得這些技能。
————— 文章來源 / 紐約時報
重點詞匯
snowplow/?sno?pla?/
n. 雪犁;掃雪機
e.g.
相關詞匯:snow(n. 雪);plow(n. 犁)
hover/?h?v?r/
v. 盤旋;徘徊
e.g.
例句:A hawk hovered over the hill.
affluent/?æflu?nt/
adj. 富足的,富裕的
e.g.
相關詞匯:fluent(adj. 流暢的,流利的)
搭配短語:affluent parents
chug/t??ɡ/
v. 突突地緩慢行駛
e.g.
英文釋義:If a car, train etc. chugs somewhere, it moves there slowly, with the engine making a repeated low sound.
take sth. to extremes
使…走至極端
e.g.
近義詞: take sth. to the extreme
例句:If you take exercise to its extreme, it can be dangerous.
bribe/bra?b/
v. 向…行賄
e.g.
搭配短語:bribe sb. with sth.
pay off
(某事)很值得;賄賂
e.g.
例句:All the hard work has paid off tremendously.
例句:All the witnesses have been paid off.
go to great lengths
不遺余力,竭盡全力
humiliation/hju??m?li?e??n/
n. 屈辱;丟臉
e.g.
詞性拓展:humiliate(v. 羞辱某人)
近義詞:shame
搭配短語:the humiliation of defeat
toddler/?tɑ?dl?r/
n. 學步的兒童
e.g.
詞義辨析
toddler, infant, child
toddler 指“學步的兒童;剛學會走路的孩子”;infant 指“嬰兒;四歲到七歲之間的學童”;child 泛指“兒童;小孩”。通常情況下,toddler 比嬰兒 infant 要大,但是比兒童 child 又要小一點。
temper tantrum
脾氣發作
e.g.
相關詞匯:temper(n. 脾氣);tantrum(n. 耍性子,孩子鬧脾氣)
tantrum 英文釋義:a sudden period of uncontrolled anger, especially that of a young child
例句:Children often have temper tantrums around the age of two.
acquire/??kwa??r/
v. 獲得(技能);養成(習慣)
e.g.
英文釋義:to gain something by your own efforts, ability or behaviour
例句:Many college students have acquired a good knowledge of English.
拓展內容
英國、德國、日本的“挫折教育”
英國家長們常常把“給孩子失敗的機會”這句話掛在嘴邊。孩子做某件事失敗了,英國人的觀念不是索性不讓孩子去做或幹脆家長包辦,而是再提供一次機會,讓他們學會避免失敗的方法。同時,學校教育也十分重視“接受失敗”的學習。據報道,英國一所頂級中學推出了一套極富挑戰性的數學考試試題,校方坦言這份試題的難度遠超過中學生的解題能力,聲稱考生“不可能拿滿分”。據稱,此法是為了讓學生從小就擺脫完美主義思想,了解“失敗是完全可以接受的”。 有人說教育孩子應該盡可能地展示一個真善美的世界,然而,德國的家長與老師們卻另辟蹊徑,讓孩子們直面人生和社會的陰暗面。 德國學校推出的教材中,不僅有“陽光”的內容,還有涉及社會“陰暗面”的內容,如種族歧視、違法犯法等課題,其宗旨是引導學生思考和解釋各種社會現象。 在日本,父母非常重視對孩子進行自立與忍耐的教育,因為日本人信奉這樣的理念:只有讓孩子經受一定的以忍耐為主題的訓練,才能培養兒童獨立克服困難的能力,形成堅韌和頑強的品質。 在日本,經常有這樣的訓練課程,一些孩子在沒有成人帶領的情況下,面對艱苦的自然環境,搭建帳篷、尋覓野果、撿拾柴草、尋找水源,克服重重困難,進行自救活動。 以上內容原載於網絡,由流利閱讀團隊修改編輯。

每日閱讀2019年04月04日(時代周刊)