python configparse模塊&xml模塊
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-04-11
count 讀取配置文件 move 支持 調用 金融 bucket for ali
configparse模塊
用於生成和修改常見配置文檔,當前模塊的名稱在 python 3.x 版本中變更為 configparser。
[DEFAULT] serveraliveinterval = 45 compression = yes compressionlevel = 9 forwardx11 = yes [bitbucket.org] user = hg [topsecret.server.com] port = 50022 forwardx11 = no [group]
import configparser # ------------------------------------讀----------------------------------# 讀取文件內容 config = configparser.ConfigParser() # 實例化(生成對象) config.read("config_file.cnf", encoding="utf-8") # 讀取配置文件 ret = config.sections() # 調用sections方法(默認不會讀取default) print(ret) print("bitbucket.org" in config) # 判斷元素是否在sections列表內print(config["bitbucket.org"]["user"]) # 通過字典的形式取值 for i in config["topsecret.server.com"]: # for 循環"topsecret.server.com"字典中key print(i) for i,v in config["topsecret.server.com"].items(): # 使用items函數循環"topsecret.server.com"字典的鍵和值 print(i,v) # 還有另一種讀法 options = config.options("bitbucket.org") # 獲取指定section的keys,(default 下的key默認讀取) print(options) item_li = config.items("bitbucket.org") # 使用items獲取指定section的鍵和值,元祖的形式,(default 下的key默認讀取) print(item_li) val = config.get("bitbucket.org", "user") # 使用get獲取指定鍵的值 print(val) # -------------------------改---------------------------- # config.add_section("group") # 新增一個sections,指定的section已存在時,報錯 #has = config.has_section("group",name) # 檢查 # print(has) # config.set("group", "name", "sb") # 修改指定的section下的指定的鍵的值,若鍵不存在,自動添加 # config.add_section("group1") config.remove_section("group1") # 刪除指定的sections ,sections不存在不會報錯 config.remove_option("group","name") # 刪除指定的sections下指定的鍵值對 config.write(open("config_file.cnf", "w")) # 修改後寫入文件生效
xml模塊
xml是實現不同語言或程序之間進行數據交換的協議,跟json差不多,但json使用起來更簡單,不過,古時候,在json還沒誕生的黑暗年代,大家只能選擇用xml呀,至今很多傳統公司如金融行業的很多系統的接口還主要是xml。
<data> <country name="Liechtenstein"> <rank updated="yes">2</rank> <year update="yes">2016</year> <gdppc>141100</gdppc> <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" /> <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" /> </country> <country name="Singapore"> <rank updated="yes">5</rank> <year update="yes">2019</year> <gdppc>59900</gdppc> <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" /> </country> <country name="Panama"> <rank updated="yes">69</rank> <year update="yes">2019</year> <gdppc>13600</gdppc> <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" /> <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" /> </country> </data>
# xml協議在各個語言裏的都 是支持的,在python中可以用以下模塊操作xml import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("xml_file.xml") root = tree.getroot() print(root.tag) # 遍歷xml文檔 for xx in root: print(xx.tag, xx.attrib) for i in xx: print(i.tag,i.text) # 只遍歷年 for i in root.iter("year"): print(i.tag,i.text) # 修改 for i in root.iter("year"): new_year = int(i.text) + 1 i.text = str(new_year) i.set("update","yes") tree.write("xml_file.xml") # 刪除 for country in root.findall("country"): rank = int(country.find("rank").text) if rank >= 50: root.remove(country) tree.write("out_file.xml")
創建一個xml文件
# 創建一個xml new_xml = ET.Element("name_list") name = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"}) age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"cheked": "no"}) sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex") sex.text = "33" name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled": "no"}) age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age") age.text = "19" et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) et.write("test.xml",encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True) ET.dump(new_xml)
<?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?> <name_list><name enrolled="yes"><age cheked="no" /><sex>33</sex></name><name enrolled="no"><age>19</age></name></name_list>
python configparse模塊&xml模塊