1分鐘完成MySQL5.7安裝部署

 

1分鐘完成MySQL5.7安裝部署

簡介

Part1:寫在最前

MYSQL5.7.15是截止至本文撰寫當日，mysql官網的最新社群版，mysql5.7的多項功能優化可以用激動人心來形容，嫌安裝麻煩？沒關係，跟著本文，帶你1分鐘搞定MySQL5.7.15資料庫安裝部署。

 

Part2:僅僅安裝就夠了？

不，當然不夠，MySQL5.7的多項功能特性更新，無法一一贅述，因此，我們先從和本文最相關的my.cnf，來解讀一些MySQL5.7的部分新特性。

在之前我寫過一篇MySQL5.6的新特性引數，諸如：

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1

innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1

開啟這個兩個引數當資料庫重啟後把這些熱資料重新載入回去

只有正常關庫才會dump熱資料塊，宕機和kill -9不會

更多5.6安裝內容可移步：

http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1846671

 

在5.7裡，一個新的系統引數：innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct,其預設值為25

允許DBA控制每個緩衝池最近使用頁的百分比來匯出，以減緩匯出innodb buffer pool所有頁佔用過大的磁碟。如果innodb buffer pool裡快取了100個頁，那麼會將最近使用的25個頁匯出去，最大值是100，意思為全部匯出，如下圖所示：

注：在MariaDB10.1裡，同樣提供了該引數，不過其預設值是100

 

 

線上調整innodb_buffer_pool_size,不用重啟mysql程序

在MySQL5.6/MariaDB 10.1版本，調整該引數必須重啟MySQL程序才可以生效，而mysql5.7版本里，可以直接動態設定，非常方便。

這個功能應用場景如：

1.機器新增記憶體，DBA忘記調大該引數；

2.工作交接，新來的DBA發現前任DBA對該引數設定不合理。

下面在我機器裡進行測試，把512M記憶體變更為256M，見下圖：

需注意的是，在調整buffer_pool期間，使用者的請求會被阻塞，直到調整完畢，所以請勿在高峰期調整。

 

 

實戰

Part1:整個流程分3步

1.mysql官網下載二進位制版本的mysql5.7.15安裝包(mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz)至/root目錄

2.執行下文所述的mysql_auto_install.sh指令碼

3.輸入您設定的密碼登入資料庫

 

 

Part2:自動化指令碼

[root@HE2 ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh

###### 二進位制自動安裝資料庫指令碼root密碼MANAGER將指令碼和安裝包放在/root目錄即可###############

######資料庫目錄/usr/local/mysql############

######資料目錄/data/mysql############

######慢日誌目錄/data/slowlog############

######埠號預設3306其餘引數按需自行修改############

 

##################

#author：[email protected]#

##################

#!/bin/bash

 

 

# Check if user is root

if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then

    echo "Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install"

    exit 1

fi

 

clear

echo "========================================================================="

echo "A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.7.15 on Redhat/CentOS Linux "

echo "========================================================================="

cur_dir=$(pwd)

 

#set mysql root password

       echo "==========================="

 

       mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"

       echo -e "Please input the root password of mysql:"

       read -p "(Default password: MANAGER):" mysqlrootpwd

       if [ "$mysqlrootpwd" = "" ]; then

              mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"

       fi

       echo "==========================="

       echo "MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd"

       echo "==========================="

 

#which MySQL Version do you want to install?

echo "==========================="

 

 

    isinstallmysql57="n"

       echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15,Please input y"

       read -p "(Please input y , n):" isinstallmysql57

 

 

       case "$isinstallmysql57" in

       y|Y|Yes|YES|yes|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS)

       echo "You will install MySQL 5.7.15"

 

       isinstallmysql57="y"

       ;;

       *)

       echo "INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.7.15"

 

       isinstallmysql57="n"

    exit

       esac

 

       get_char()

       {

       SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`

       stty -echo

       stty cbreak

       #dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null

       stty -raw

       stty echo

       stty $SAVEDSTTY

       }

       echo ""

       echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"

       char=`get_char`

 

# Initialize  the installation related content.

function InitInstall()

{

       cat /etc/issue

       uname -a

       MemTotal=`free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print  $2}'` 

       echo -e "\n Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB "

       #Set timezone

       #rm -rf /etc/localtime

       #ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

 

 

    #Delete Old Mysql program

       rpm -qa|grep mysql

       rpm -e mysql

 

 

 

 

 

 

       #Disable SeLinux

       if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then

       sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

       fi

    setenforce 0

 

 

}

 

 

#Installation of depend on and optimization options.

function InstallDependsAndOpt()

{

cd $cur_dir

 

cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

* soft nproc 65535

* hard nproc 65535

* soft nofile 65535

* hard nofile 65535

EOF

 

echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

}

 

#Install MySQL

function InstallMySQL57()

{

echo "============================Install MySQL 5.7.15=================================="

cd $cur_dir

 

#Backup old my.cnf

#rm -f /etc/my.cnf

if [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then

    mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak

fi

 

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 installing…………========================="

#mysql directory configuration

tar xvf /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

mv /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

groupadd mysql -g 512

useradd -u 512 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mysql mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql

mkdir -p /data/slowlog

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/slowlog

 

 

#edit /etc/my.cnf

SERVERID=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $2}'| awk -F. '{ print $3$4}'`

cat >>/etc/my.cnf<<EOF

[client]

port=3306

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysqld]

port=3306

character-set-server=utf8

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

pid-file =/data/mysql/mysql.pid

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

lower_case_table_names=1

back_log=103

max_connections=3000

max_connect_errors=100000

table_open_cache=512

external-locking=FALSE

max_allowed_packet=32M

sort_buffer_size=2M

join_buffer_size=2M

thread_cache_size=51

query_cache_size=32M

#query_cache_limit=4M

transaction_isolation=REPEATABLE-READ

tmp_table_size=96M

max_heap_table_size=96M

 

###***slowqueryparameters

long_query_time=1

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file=/data/slowlog/slow.log

 

###***binlogparameters

log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_cache_size=4M

max_binlog_cache_size=4096M

max_binlog_size=1024M

binlog_format=MIXED

expire_logs_days=7

 

###***relay-logparameters

#relay-log=/data/3307/relay-bin

#relay-log-info-file=/data/3307/relay-log.info

#master-info-repository=table

#relay-log-info-repository=table

#relay-log-recovery=1

 

#***MyISAMparameters

key_buffer_size=16M

read_buffer_size=1M

read_rnd_buffer_size=16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size=1M

 

#skip-name-resolve

 

###***master-slavereplicationparameters

server-id=$SERVERID

#slave-skip-errors=all

 

#***Innodbstorageengineparameters

innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M

innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:10M:autoextend

#innodb_file_io_threads=8

innodb_thread_concurrency=16

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

innodb_log_buffer_size=16M

innodb_log_file_size=512M

innodb_log_files_in_group=2

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=50

innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50

innodb_file_per_table=on

 

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet=32M

 

[myisamchk]

key_buffer=16M

sort_buffer_size=16M

read_buffer=8M

write_buffer=8M

 

[mysqld_safe]

open-files-limit=8192

log-error=/data/mysql/error.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

 

EOF

 

 

 

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --initialize-insecure

 

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

 

cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<EOF

/usr/local/mysql/lib

EOF

ldconfig

 

if [ -d "/proc/vz" ];then

ulimit -s unlimited

fi

 

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

 

 

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib

EOF

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $mysqlrootpwd

 

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF

use mysql;

delete from mysql.user where user!='root' or host!='localhost';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'sys_admin'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';

flush privileges;

EOF

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

 

#rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

 

 

#/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

 

 

 

 

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 install completed========================="

}

 

 

 

function CheckInstall()

{

echo "===================================== Check install ==================================="

clear

ismysql=""

echo "Checking..."

 

if [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ] && [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe ] && [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then

  echo "MySQL: OK"

  ismysql="ok"

  else

  echo "Error: /usr/local/mysql not found!!!MySQL install failed."

fi

 

if [ "$ismysql" = "ok" ]; then

echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15 completed! enjoy it."

echo "========================================================================="

netstat -ntl

else

echo "Sorry,Failed to install MySQL!"

echo "You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server."

fi

}

 

#The installation log

InitInstall 2>&1 | tee /root/mysql-install.log

InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log

InstallMySQL57 > /dev/null

CheckInstall 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log

 

 

 

Part5:登入&享受吧

1.先source一下環境變數檔案使生效

[root@HE2 ~] source /etc/profile

 

2.輸入使用者名稱密碼（預設為MANAGER)登入資料庫

 

至此，MySQL5.7.15安裝完成

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