Linux curl 表單登入或提交與cookie使用
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-08-11
本文主要講解通過curl 實現表單提交登入。單獨的表單提交與表單登入都差不多,因此就不單獨說了。
說明:針對curl表單提交實現登入,不是所有網站都適用,原因是有些網站後臺做了限制或有其他校驗。我們不知道這些網站後臺的限制或校驗機制具體是什麼,因此直接curl表單登入可能是不行的。
當然,如下案例是可以用curl登入的。
案例:LeanCloud登入
要求和結果
要求:通過curl登入後,能正常訪問leancloud的應用頁面。
登入頁面連結如下:
1 https://leancloud.cn/dashboard/login.html#/signin
能正常訪問如下頁面:
1 https://leancloud.cn/dashboard/applist.html#/apps
瀏覽器訪問效果:
無登入直接訪問結果
瀏覽器訪問結果
上圖紅框 403 中的訪問連線如下:
1 https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps
通過curl 驗證是否登入
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z ~]# curl -i https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 2 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden 3 Server: openresty 4 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:35:28 GMT 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 7 Connection: keep-alive 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 10 Pragma: no-cache 11 12 {"code":1,"error":"User doesn't sign in."}
獲取表單欄位資訊
獲取表單提交連結
通過下圖可得到表單提交的連結資訊。具體如下:
1 https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin
curl 表單登入並儲存cookie資訊
1 curl -v -c leancloud1.info -X POST -F 'email=yourname' -F 'password=yourpassword' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin 2 # 或則 3 curl -v -c leancloud3.info -X POST -d 'email=yourname&password=yourpassword' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin
檢視cookie資訊
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# ll 2 total 32 3 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 337 Jul 14 19:45 leancloud1.info 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 335 Jul 14 19:46 leancloud3.info 5 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# cat leancloud1.info 6 # Netscape HTTP Cookie File 7 # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html 8 # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk. 9 10 #HttpOnly_leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709522 uluru_user Ff1IPOiMX%2F6ipevuxy0OOg%3D%3D 11 leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709522 XSRF-TOKEN 5647dc84bd6eaea37eca2d07ae0e401cca4ba76803989c8559XXXXX7283da 12 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# cat leancloud3.info 13 # Netscape HTTP Cookie File 14 # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html 15 # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk. 16 17 #HttpOnly_leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709591 uluru_user arTwQm6JylzLjBaQt7TpiQ%3D%3D 18 leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709591 XSRF-TOKEN 751e12827c7c046408541bc1bf962b5912ac35b0d07f88120XXXXXX40704704
每列欄位說明:
domain:建立並可以讀取變數的域名。
flag:一個 TRUE/FALSE 值,表明給定域中的所有機器是否都可以訪問該變數。此值由瀏覽器自動設定,具體取決於你為域設定的值。
path:變數在域中有效的路徑。
secure:一個 TRUE/FALSE 值,表明是否需要與域的安全連線來訪問變數。
expiration:該變數將過期的UNIX時間。UNIX時間定義為自1970年1月1日00:00:00 GMT開始的秒數。
name:變數名稱
value:變數值
校驗是否登入成功
直接訪問和帶有cookie訪問,這兩種訪問方式,請對比檢視。
直接訪問
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 2 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden 3 Server: openresty 4 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:52:47 GMT 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 7 Connection: keep-alive 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 10 Pragma: no-cache 11 12 {"code":1,"error":"User doesn't sign in."}
帶有cookie檔案的訪問
1 # 使用cookie 2 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i -b leancloud1.info https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 3 ## 或者 4 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i -b leancloud3.info https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 5 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 6 Server: openresty 7 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:53:29 GMT 8 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 9 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 10 Connection: keep-alive 11 Vary: Accept-Encoding 12 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 13 Pragma: no-cache 14 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 15 16 [{"app_domain":null,"description":null,"archive_status":0,"biz_type":"dev","master_key": ………………
複製瀏覽器的cookie訪問
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190720]# curl -i -H 'cookie: _ga=GA1.2.2055706705.1560005524; …………' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 2 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 3 Server: openresty 4 Date: Sat, 20 Jul 2019 08:11:37 GMT 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 7 Connection: keep-alive 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 10 Pragma: no-cache 11 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 12 13 [{"app_domain":null,"description":null,"archive_status":0,"biz_type":"dev","master_key": ………………
由上可知curl登入成功。
推薦閱讀
Linux curl 命令詳解
Linux curl 常用示例
Linux curl 表單登入或提交與cookie使用
如果覺得不錯就點個讚唄 (-^O^-) !
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