1. 程式人生 > >SpringCloud之Eureka

SpringCloud之Eureka

【前面的話】SpringCloud為開發人員提供了快速構建分散式系統的一些工具,包括配置管理、服務發現、斷路器、路由、微代理、事件匯流排、全域性鎖、決策競選、分散式會話等等。它配置簡單,上手快,而且生態成熟,便於應用。但是它對SpringBoot有很強的依賴,需要有一定基礎,但是SpringBoot倆小時就可以入門。另外對於“微服務架構” 不瞭解的話,可以通過搜尋引擎搜尋“微服務架構”瞭解下。另外這是SpringCloud的版本為Greenwich.SR2,JDK版本為1.8,SpringBoot的版本為2.1.7.RELEASE。


壹、新建父工程

  • 新建一個Maven父工程lovincloud,便於版本管理,然後刪除src資料夾
  • 新增pom依賴和SpringCloud和SpringBoot的版本
<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.eelve.lovincloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>lovincloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>lovincloud</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

貳、新增一個註冊中心

在這裡,我們需要用的的元件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,eureka是一個服務註冊和發現模組。

  • 新建一個子工程lovin-eureka-server作為服務的註冊中心
<parent>
        <artifactId>lovincloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.eelve.lovincloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>lovin-eureka-server</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>eurekaserver</name>
    <version>0.0.1</version>
    <description>eureka服務端</description>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
  • 然後在啟動類上新增@EnableEurekaServer註解:
package com.eelve.lovin;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

/**
 * @ClassName LovinEurekaServerApplication
 * @Description TDO
 * @Author zhao.zhilue
 * @Date 2019/8/15 16:20
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class LovinEurekaServerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(LovinEurekaServerApplication.class,args);
    }
}
  • eureka是一個高可用的元件,它沒有後端快取,每一個例項註冊之後需要向註冊中心傳送心跳(因此可以在記憶體中完成),在預設情況下erureka server也是一個eureka client ,必須要指定一個 server。eureka server的配置檔案appication.yml:
spring:
  application:
    naem: lovineurkaserver  # 服務模組名稱
server:
  port: 8881  # 設定的eureka埠號
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost   # 設定eureka的主機地址
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false  #表示是否將自己註冊到Eureka Server,預設為true。由於當前應用就是Eureka Server,故而設定為false
    fetchRegistry: false  #表示是否從Eureka Server獲取註冊資訊,預設為true。因為這是一個單點的Eureka Server,不需要同步其他的Eureka Server節點的資料,故而設定為false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/   #Eureka server地址,查詢服務和註冊服務都需要依賴這個地址,多個地址可用逗號(英文的)分割

叄、新增一個服務消費端

  • 新建一個子工程lovin-eureka-server作為服務的註冊中心
<parent>
        <artifactId>lovincloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.eelve.lovincloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>lovin-eureka-client</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>eurekaclient</name>
    <version>0.0.1</version>
    <description>eureka的一個消費端</description>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
  • 然後在啟動類上新增@EnableEurekaClient註解:
package com.eelve.lovin;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

/**
 * @ClassName LovinEurekaClientApplication
 * @Description TDO
 * @Author zhao.zhilue
 * @Date 2019/8/15 16:37
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class LovinEurekaClientApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(LovinEurekaClientApplication.class,args);
    }
}
  • 然後我們需要連線到服務端,具體配置如下
server:
  port: 8801   # 服務埠號
spring:
  application:
    name: lovineurkaclient     # 服務名稱
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8881/eureka/   # 註冊到的eureka服務地址
  • 新建一個Controller寫一個測試介面
package com.eelve.lovin.controller;

import com.eelve.lovin.config.ServerConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @ClassName HelloController
 * @Description TDO應用預設訪問介面
 * @Author zhao.zhilue
 * @Date 2019/8/15 16:45
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired
    ServerConfig serverConfig;

    @RequestMapping("hello")
    public String hello(){
        return serverConfig.getUrl()+"###"+ HelloController.class.getName();
    }
}

肆、分別啟動註冊中心的服務端和客戶端

訪問localhost:8881檢視結果

到這裡我們可以已經看到已經成功將客戶端註冊到服務端了,然後我們訪問測試介面

可以看到已經訪問成功,至此Eureka的搭建已經完成。

伍、加入安全配置

在網際網路中我們一般都會考慮安全性,尤其是管理服務的註冊中心,所以我們可以用spring-boot-starter-security來做安全限制

  • 給lovin-eureka-server新增spring-boot-starter-security的pom依賴
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
  • 修改配置檔案
spring:
  application:
    naem: lovineurkaserver  # 服務模組名稱
  security:
    basic:
      enabled: true
    user:
      name: lovin
      password: ${REGISTRY_SERVER_PASSWORD:lovin}
server:
  port: 8881  # 設定的eureka埠號
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost   # 設定eureka的主機地址
    metadata-map:
      user.name: ${security.user.name}
      user.password: ${security.user.password}
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false  #表示是否將自己註冊到Eureka Server,預設為true。由於當前應用就是Eureka Server,故而設定為false
    fetchRegistry: false  #表示是否從Eureka Server獲取註冊資訊,預設為true。因為這是一個單點的Eureka Server,不需要同步其他的Eureka Server節點的資料,故而設定為false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${spring.security.user.name}:${spring.security.user.password}@${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/   #Eureka server地址,查詢服務和註冊服務都需要依賴這個地址,多個地址可用逗號(英文的)分割
  • 新增security配置
package com.eelve.lovin.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * @ClassName SecurityConfig
 * @Description TDO
 * @Author zhao.zhilue
 * @Date 2019/8/16 14:13
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf().disable();
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/css/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .and()
                .httpBasic();
        super.configure(http);
    }
}
  • 給lovin-eureka-client新增spring-boot-starter-security的pom依賴
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
  • 修改yaml配置檔案
server:
  port: 8801   # 服務埠號
spring:
  application:
    name: lovineurkaclient     # 服務名稱
  security:
    basic:
      enabled: true
    user:
      name: lovin
      password: ${REGISTRY_SERVER_PASSWORD:lovin}
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://lovin:lovin@localhost:8881/eureka/   # 註冊到的eureka服務地址
  instance:
    leaseRenewalIntervalInSeconds: 10
    health-check-url-path: /actuator/health
    metadata-map:
      user.name: lovin
      user.password: lovin
  • 新增security配置
package com.eelve.lovin.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * @ClassName SecurityConfig
 * @Description TDO
 * @Author zhao.zhilue
 * @Date 2019/8/16 14:13
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().permitAll()
                .and().csrf().disable();
    }
}
  • 另外為了測試多客服端註冊,我們可以修改再給客戶端新建一個配置檔案,然後開啟IDEA的多節點執行,如下圖所示勾選Allow parallel run
  • 然後為了區分是哪個節點的請求我們可以新增獲取埠
package com.eelve.lovin.config;

import org.springframework.boot.web.context.WebServerInitializedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @ClassName ServerConfig
 * @Description TDO
 * @Author zhao.zhilue
 * @Date 2019/8/18 12:03
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Component
public class ServerConfig  implements ApplicationListener<WebServerInitializedEvent> {
    private int serverPort;

    public String getUrl() {
        InetAddress address = null;
        try {
            address = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "http://"+address.getHostAddress() +":"+this.serverPort;
    }

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(WebServerInitializedEvent event) {
        this.serverPort = event.getWebServer().getPort();
    }

}
  • 然後我們一次重啟服務端和兩個客戶端,這個時候我們訪問http://localhost:8881/

    可以看到,這裡已經讓我們輸入使用者名稱和密碼了,說明spring-boot-starter-security已經配置成功,這時我們輸入配置的使用者名稱:lovin和密碼:lovin

    這裡我們可以看到已經成功了,那麼到這裡Eureka的配置已經全部成功了。
  • 最後的最後是本部落格的原始碼,歡迎關注這一套SpringCloud的實踐