曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(12)-- Spring解析xml檔案,到底從中得到了什麼(context:component-scan完整解析)
寫在前面的話
相關背景及資源:
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(1)-- Bean Definition到底是什麼,附spring思維導圖分享
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(2)-- Bean Definition到底是什麼,咱們對著介面,逐個方法講解
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(3)-- 手動註冊Bean Definition不比遊戲好玩嗎,我們來試一下
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(4)-- 我是怎麼自定義ApplicationContext,從json檔案讀取bean definition的?
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(5)-- 怎麼從properties檔案讀取bean
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(6)-- Spring怎麼從xml檔案裡解析bean的
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(7)-- Spring解析xml檔案,到底從中得到了什麼(上)
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(8)-- Spring解析xml檔案,到底從中得到了什麼(util名稱空間)
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(9)-- Spring解析xml檔案,到底從中得到了什麼(context名稱空間上)
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(10)-- Spring解析xml檔案,到底從中得到了什麼(context:annotation-config 解析)
曹工說Spring Boot原始碼(11)-- context:component-scan,你真的會用嗎(這次來說說它的奇技淫巧)
工程程式碼地址 思維導圖地址
工程結構圖:
概要
本篇已經是spring原始碼第12篇,前一篇講了context:component-scan這個元素的用法,其中涉及到了各個屬性的作用。本節呢,主要就是講解該元素的解析流程,其中就會涉及到各個屬性是怎麼發揮作用的。
大體流程
本來吧,這裡畫時序圖比較好,但是uml圖一直是半桶水,visio這臺電腦也沒裝,就隨便花了下流程圖,將就看吧。
ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse
這個就是在contextnamespacehandler裡註冊的,component-scan對應的beanDefinitionParser實現。
這個類呢,也是相當簡潔明瞭,沒有亂七八糟的類結構。
public class ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser implements BeanDefinitionParser {
configureScanner
類圖
這個方法,最終返回了一個ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner
,這個類的結構如下:
父類ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider中的欄位
幾個介面都沒實質性內容,主要是繼承了一個父類,我整理了一下,父類裡,大概有如下欄位:
// ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider 中的fields
// 指定包下,檔案很多,可能不止有class,還有xml,比如mybatis的mapper等;這裡指定要獲取的資源的pattern
static final String DEFAULT_RESOURCE_PATTERN = "**/*.class";
// 沒啥說的,環境
private Environment environment;
// 因為使用者可以自己指定resource_pattern, (不喜歡前面那個**/*.class),這個field負責來解析使用者的resouce_pattern
private ResourcePatternResolver resourcePatternResolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
// 這個很重要,你給它一個class,它負責給你返回一個本class的元資料reader,通過元資料reader,你能取到class上的註解等資訊
private MetadataReaderFactory metadataReaderFactory =
new CachingMetadataReaderFactory(this.resourcePatternResolver);
private String resourcePattern = DEFAULT_RESOURCE_PATTERN;
// 通過這個來劃定,是不是我的小弟
private final List<TypeFilter> includeFilters = new LinkedList<TypeFilter>();
// 通過這個來劃定,不是我的小弟,這個裡面的都是拉黑了的
private final List<TypeFilter> excludeFilters = new LinkedList<TypeFilter>();
這裡說下MetadataReaderFactory
,因為吧,以後可能會頻繁出現。
這是個介面,在spring-core包裡,資訊如下:
MetadataReader 的工廠介面,呼叫這個介面的方法,能得到一個MetadataReader
/**
* Factory interface for {@link MetadataReader} instances.
* Allows for caching a MetadataReader per original resource.
*
*/
public interface MetadataReaderFactory {
/**
* 根據一個類名,獲取MetadataReader;這個reader,可以幫你獲取class的class/註解等資訊
*
* Obtain a MetadataReader for the given class name.
* @param className the class name (to be resolved to a ".class" file)
* @return a holder for the ClassReader instance (never {@code null})
* @throws IOException in case of I/O failure
*/
MetadataReader getMetadataReader(String className) throws IOException;
/**
* Obtain a MetadataReader for the given resource.
* @param resource the resource (pointing to a ".class" file)
* @return a holder for the ClassReader instance (never {@code null})
* @throws IOException in case of I/O failure
*/
MetadataReader getMetadataReader(Resource resource) throws IOException;
}
MetadataReader
這個介面,也是以後的重點,這裡概覽一下:
/**
* 通過asm,獲取類的元資料,包括註解資料
* Simple facade for accessing class metadata,
* as read by an ASM {@link org.springframework.asm.ClassReader}.
*
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @since 2.5
*/
public interface MetadataReader {
/**
* Return the resource reference for the class file.
*/
Resource getResource();
/**
* 獲取Class的相關資訊
* Read basic class metadata for the underlying class.
*/
ClassMetadata getClassMetadata();
/**
* 這個就叼了,獲取Class上的註解資訊
* Read full annotation metadata for the underlying class,
* including metadata for annotated methods.
*/
AnnotationMetadata getAnnotationMetadata();
}
有人可能覺得沒啥用,通過java反射也能獲取;但這裡的和java反射的方式不衝突,這個是通過asm框架來獲取,效率會更高(效率比反射低的話,spring團隊為啥不用反射呢,對吧?)
回到前面的metadataReader的factory介面,其實現類就兩個,我們這次分析的原始碼,用了CachingMetadataReaderFactory
:
子類ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner中的欄位
// beanDefinition註冊中心,拿到beanDefinition後就往這裡面放
private final BeanDefinitionRegistry registry;
// 預設的beanDefinition配置,和xml裡<beans>元素裡的屬性是對應的
private BeanDefinitionDefaults beanDefinitionDefaults = new BeanDefinitionDefaults();
// 自動注入時,候選bean需要滿足的pattern
private String[] autowireCandidatePatterns;
// beanName 生成器
private BeanNameGenerator beanNameGenerator = new AnnotationBeanNameGenerator();
// 不是很瞭解,skip
private ScopeMetadataResolver scopeMetadataResolver = new AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver();
// 要不要啟用 context:annotation-config元素的作用;具體可看本博文往前的兩篇
private boolean includeAnnotationConfig = true;
其實,把前面父類,和現在這個子類的欄位,合起來看,也就那麼回事吧,主要是些配置資料,把xml裡使用者的配置給存起來了。
具體配置過程解析
org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser#configureScanner
protected ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner configureScanner(ParserContext parserContext, Element element) {
XmlReaderContext readerContext = parserContext.getReaderContext();
// 是否使用預設的filter,預設filter,只解析component等官方註解
boolean useDefaultFilters = true;
if (element.hasAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
useDefaultFilters = Boolean.valueOf(element.getAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE));
}
// 建立scanner
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = createScanner(readerContext, useDefaultFilters);
// 設定預設的東西
scanner.setResourceLoader(readerContext.getResourceLoader());
scanner.setEnvironment(parserContext.getDelegate().getEnvironment());
// 設定預設的東西,包括了beanDefinition的預設屬性,這個是可以從外邊傳進來的
scanner.setBeanDefinitionDefaults(parserContext.getDelegate().getBeanDefinitionDefaults());
//這個也是外邊來的,xml裡沒這個屬性
scanner.setAutowireCandidatePatterns(parserContext.getDelegate().getAutowireCandidatePatterns());
if (element.hasAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
// 這個是從xml元素來的
scanner.setResourcePattern(element.getAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE));
}
try {
// 這個也是xml屬性來的
parseBeanNameGenerator(element, scanner);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
readerContext.error(ex.getMessage(), readerContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
}
try {
// 這個也是xml屬性來的
parseScope(element, scanner);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
readerContext.error(ex.getMessage(), readerContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
}
// 這個也是xml屬性來的,主要是解析include/exclude filter
parseTypeFilters(element, scanner, readerContext, parserContext);
return scanner;
}
其中,有兩個點值得細說:
預設的filter
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = createScanner(readerContext, useDefaultFilters); 一路簡單跳轉後,進入到: public ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(boolean useDefaultFilters, Environment environment) { if (useDefaultFilters) { // 註冊預設的filter registerDefaultFilters(); } this.environment = environment; } // 註冊3個註解型別的fitler,分別對應了Component/javax.annotation.ManagedBean/javax.inject.Named 這幾個註解 protected void registerDefaultFilters() { /** * 預設掃描Component註解 */ this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class)); ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader(); try { this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter( ((Class<? extends Annotation>) cl.loadClass("javax.annotation.ManagedBean")), false)); } try { this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter( ((Class<? extends Annotation>) cl.loadClass("javax.inject.Named")), false)); } }
解析自定義的filter
protected void parseTypeFilters( Element element, ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner, XmlReaderContext readerContext, ParserContext parserContext) { // Parse exclude and include filter elements. ClassLoader classLoader = scanner.getResourceLoader().getClassLoader(); // 因為include-filter和exclude-filter是以子元素方式配置的,不是屬性來配置的;所以獲取子節點並便利 NodeList nodeList = element.getChildNodes(); for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) { Node node = nodeList.item(i); if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) { String localName = parserContext.getDelegate().getLocalName(node); // 如果是include型別... if (INCLUDE_FILTER_ELEMENT.equals(localName)) { // 建立typefilter TypeFilter typeFilter = createTypeFilter((Element) node, classLoader); scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter); } else if (EXCLUDE_FILTER_ELEMENT.equals(localName)) { TypeFilter typeFilter = createTypeFilter((Element) node, classLoader); scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter); } } } } }
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") protected TypeFilter createTypeFilter(Element element, ClassLoader classLoader) { String filterType = element.getAttribute(FILTER_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE); String expression = element.getAttribute(FILTER_EXPRESSION_ATTRIBUTE); // filter 一共5種類型,所以下面在各種if判斷 if ("annotation".equals(filterType)) { return new AnnotationTypeFilter((Class<Annotation>) classLoader.loadClass(expression)); } else if ("assignable".equals(filterType)) { return new AssignableTypeFilter(classLoader.loadClass(expression)); } else if ("aspectj".equals(filterType)) { return new AspectJTypeFilter(expression, classLoader); } else if ("regex".equals(filterType)) { return new RegexPatternTypeFilter(Pattern.compile(expression)); } else if ("custom".equals(filterType)) { Class filterClass = classLoader.loadClass(expression); if (!TypeFilter.class.isAssignableFrom(filterClass)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Class is not assignable to [" + TypeFilter.class.getName() + "]: " + expression); } return (TypeFilter) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(filterClass); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported filter type: " + filterType); } }
表格總結一下,就是:
filter-type 對應型別的class 說明 我的理解 annotation AnnotationTypeFilter "annotation" indicates an annotation to be present at the type level in target components; 匹配指定型別的註解 assignable AssignableTypeFilter "assignable" indicates a class (or interface) that the target components are assignable to (extend/implement); 判斷一個class是不是這裡指定的型別或其子類 aspectj AspectJTypeFilter "aspectj" indicates an AspectJ type expression to be matched by the target components; 需要滿足aspectj表示式,類似於指定切點那種 regex RegexPatternTypeFilter "regex" indicates a regex expression to be matched by the target components' class names; 需要滿足正則表示式 custom 由xml元素裡指定型別 "custom" indicates a custom implementation of the org.springframework.core.type.TypeFilter interface. 自定義實現TypeFilter介面 這裡的typefilter介面,介面如下,主要就是,傳給你一個class的元資料,你判斷是否留下,留下就返回true:
public interface TypeFilter { /** * Determine whether this filter matches for the class described by * the given metadata. * @param metadataReader the metadata reader for the target class * @param metadataReaderFactory a factory for obtaining metadata readers * for other classes (such as superclasses and interfaces) * @return whether this filter matches * @throws IOException in case of I/O failure when reading metadata */ boolean match(MetadataReader metadataReader, MetadataReaderFactory metadataReaderFactory) throws IOException; }
有如下實現(圖小,可單獨tab檢視):
doScan-具體掃描beanDefinition執行者
如果大家有點忘了,可以回到最前面看下之前的圖,這是主線的最後一個環節。
我們直接上code:
protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinitionHolder>();
for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
/**
* 1:基於前面的include/exclude filter等,篩選出滿足條件的beanDefinition集合
* 但這時候的beanDefinition還不是完整的,還有些屬性沒設定
*/
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
// 一些處理,根據autowireCandidatePatterns field,判斷當前bean是否夠格,作為自動注入的候選者
if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
}
// 呼叫setPrimary/setLazyInit/setDependsOn/setTole來設定beanDefiniiton屬性
if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
}
// 這裡,註冊到beanDefinitionRegistry
if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
// 註冊到beanDefinitionRegistry
registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}
}
}
return beanDefinitions;
}
大體流程,就這樣結束了。
裡面有意思的細節,主要是,查詢指定包下,滿足條件的beanDefiniiton這塊。
/**
* Scan the class path for candidate components.
* @param basePackage the package to check for annotated classes
* @return a corresponding Set of autodetected bean definitions
*/
public Set<BeanDefinition> findCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinition>();
try {
String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + "/" + this.resourcePattern;
Resource[] resources = this.resourcePatternResolver.getResources(packageSearchPath);
boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
for (Resource resource : resources) {
if (traceEnabled) {
logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);
}
if (resource.isReadable()) {
try {
MetadataReader metadataReader = this.metadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(resource);
if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
sbd.setResource(resource);
sbd.setSource(resource);
if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Identified candidate component class: " + resource);
}
candidates.add(sbd);
}
else {
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Ignored because not a concrete top-level class: " + resource);
}
}
}
else {
if (traceEnabled) {
logger.trace("Ignored because not matching any filter: " + resource);
}
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Failed to read candidate component class: " + resource, ex);
}
}
else {
if (traceEnabled) {
logger.trace("Ignored because not readable: " + resource);
}
}
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("I/O failure during classpath scanning", ex);
}
return candidates;
}
注意哈,這裡獲取的beanDefinition的型別是什麼?
是ScannedGenericBeanDefinition
。
學了這麼多講,是時候回頭看看曾經走過的路了:
根據include/exclude filter來判斷的過程也很有意思:
/**
* Determine whether the given class does not match any exclude filter
* and does match at least one include filter.
* @param metadataReader the ASM ClassReader for the class
* @return whether the class qualifies as a candidate component
*/
protected boolean isCandidateComponent(MetadataReader metadataReader) throws IOException {
for (TypeFilter tf : this.excludeFilters) {
if (tf.match(metadataReader, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
return false;
}
}
for (TypeFilter tf : this.includeFilters) {
if (tf.match(metadataReader, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
AnnotationMetadata metadata = metadataReader.getAnnotationMetadata();
if (!metadata.isAnnotated(Profile.class.getName())) {
return true;
}
AnnotationAttributes profile = MetadataUtils.attributesFor(metadata, Profile.class);
return this.environment.acceptsProfiles(profile.getStringArray("value"));
}
}
return false;
}
總結
component-scan的探索之旅就這麼結束了。歡迎大家留言,覺得有幫助的話,請關注我,後續會輸出更多內容