pytest 多個PY檔案執行時共享變數及用fixture和conftest
1.pytest需要測試多個py檔案，這些檔案有一定的依賴關係，同時執行的時候，需要只執行一次初始化setup，結束再執行一次teardown；
2.多個py檔案需要使用pytest的conftest.py,這個檔名是固定的，在同級目錄還需要__init__.py；
3.由於setup這種經典的初始化方法只支援module,class.method,function,setup
module: 一個py檔案只執行一次，裡面可以是class和function；
class: 每個class執行一次；
method: class裡面的每個函式執行一次；
function ： 每個函式執行一次（函式不在class中）；
setup: 最小層級，每個函式執行一次；在allure報告中，現在在Test body中；其他級別顯示在的setup中；
4.經典初始化不支援多個py初始化，只能選用fixture;
scope值 ：預設是function；
session 多個py檔案；
module 一個py檔案裡面多個class或function；
class： class級別；
function：函式級別；
由於我們是多個py所以，只能選擇session；
yield 是setup和teardown分界線；
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def start_up_session():
try:
case_name = os.path.basename(__file__).replace('.py', '')
print(case_name + " start")
# yield 前面的是tearup的操作
yield case_name
# yield 後面的是teardown的操作
print(case_name + " finish")
autouse = True fixture裡面有個引數autouse，預設是Fasle沒開啟的，可以設定為True開啟自動使用fixture功能，這樣用例就不用每次都去傳參了；
@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
def get_status():
case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "")
print(case_name + " begin")
yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0
print(case_name + " finish")
# 不傳引數get_tstus也會執行
def test_1():
print(1111)
def test_name():
print(2222)
if __name__ == "__mian__":
pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
=========================================
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_base.py::test_1 test_base begin
PASSED [ 50%]1111
test_base finish
test_base.py::test_name test_base begin
PASSED [100%]2222
test_base finish
============================== 2 passed in 0.03s ==============================
Process finished with exit code 0
autouse = True fixture裡面有個引數autouse，預設是Fasle沒開啟的，需要顯示呼叫；
import pytest
import os
# 預設autouse=Fasle
@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
def get_status():
case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "")
print(case_name + " begin")
yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0
print(case_name + " finish")
# 顯式呼叫
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_1():
print(1111)
# 顯式呼叫
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_name():
print(2222)
if __name__ == "__mian__":
pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
5.fixture 需要返回值：用傳引數呼叫：在函式引數中，插入fixture的引數；
import pytest
import os
@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
def get_status():
case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "")
print(case_name + " begin")
yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0
print(case_name + " finish")
def test_1(get_status):
num = get_status
assert num == 0
print(1111)
def test_name(get_status):
num = get_status
assert num < 1
print(2222)
if __name__ == "__mian__":
pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
===================================
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_base.py::test_1 test_base begin
PASSED [ 50%]1111
test_base finish
test_base.py::test_name test_base begin
PASSED [100%]2222
test_base finish
6.fixture 不需要返回值：除了用傳引數呼叫，還可以用@pytest.mark.usefixtures()；對class和函式都可以使用，記得和scope搭配；
import pytest
import os
@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
def get_status():
case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "")
print(case_name + " begin")
yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0
print(case_name + " finish")
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_1():
print(1111)
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_name():
print(2222)
if __name__ == "__mian__":
pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
=======================================
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_base.py::test_1 test_base begin
PASSED [ 50%]1111
test_base finish
test_base.py::test_name test_base begin
PASSED [100%]2222
test_base finish
7. 多個py檔案使用conftest.py，名字固定，不要改；
同級需要有__init__.py；
千萬不要通過import匯入conftest，否則每個py檔案都會執行一遍conftest.py, 無法起到多個py只執行一次作用；pytest執行的時候自動去讀conftest.py配置；
import pytest
import os
# conftest.py
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def get_status():
case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "")
print(case_name + " begin")
yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0
print(case_name + " finish")
import pytest
import os
# test_base 不傳引數，不要返回值
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_1():
print(1111)
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_name():
print(2222)
if __name__ == "__mian__":
pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
====================================================================
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items
test/test_base.py::test_1 conftest begin
PASSED [ 50%]1111
test/test_base.py::test_name PASSED [100%]2222
conftest finish
============================== 2 passed in 0.03s ==============================
Process finished with exit code 0
import pytest
import os
# test_base1 傳引數，需要返回值；
def test_1(get_status):
print("test_1" + str(get_status))
print(1111)
def test_name(get_status):
print("test_name" + str(get_status))
print(2222)
if __name__ == "__mian__":
pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
==========================================
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP\test
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_base1.py::test_1 conftest begin
PASSED [ 50%]test_11
1111
test_base1.py::test_name PASSED [100%]test_name1
2222
conftest finish
============================== 2 passed in 0.05s ==============================
&n