Gitlab + Jenkins 構建,釋出一個基於Go的Gin測試專案
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-12-28
### 部署Go專案簡介
> 對於golang的釋出,之前一直沒有一套規範的釋出流程,來看看之前釋出流程:
#### 方案一
```
• 開發者本地環境需要將環境變數檔案改為正式環境配置
• 編譯成可執行檔案
• 傳送給運維
• (運維)將檔案覆蓋為線上
• (運維)重啟程序
(可謂“又臭又長”)
```
#### 方案二
```
開發者將程式碼commit到gitlab上交給運維同學
(運維)pull程式碼
(運維)編譯成可執行檔案
(運維)覆蓋線上檔案
(運維)重啟程序
```
> 這種對於運維屬於重度依賴,而運維同學又需要去關心程式碼的編譯,增加了運維同學的工作了。
>
>
>
> 以上兩種方案都是之前專案中發生過的,對於發版來說可謂是一種“噩夢”,易出錯,流程長,運維要是不在根本無法操作。
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609068353657-181c94ba-d236-48d7-9a33-3e49533689e5.png)
### 部署GitLab環境
**部署gitlab請看我前面寫的文章**
https://www.cnblogs.com/you-men/p/13126530.html
### 部署Jenkins環境
#### 環境清單
```
* CentOS 7.3
* git-2.9.5.tar.gz
* Jenkins 2.203.war
* apache-tomcat-9.0.12.tar.gz
* jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz
* apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz
```
#### 初始化
```
mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo &>/dev/null
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum -y install ntpdate
ntpdate -b ntp1.aliyun.com
setenforce 0
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/ s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
sed -i '/^GSSAPIAu/ s/yes/no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/^#UseDNS/ {s/^#//;s/yes/no/}' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
```
#### 下載git.tar包安裝
```
# Jenkins支援的git最低版本是1.8,使用rpm安裝版本是1.8,這裡採用原始碼安裝使用2.9版本
# git官網下載最新版本GIT:
# https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/
# 安裝git 依賴包
yum -y install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
rpm -e git --nodeps # 解除安裝掉老版本git
tar xvf git-2.9.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/git-2.9.5/
make prefix=/usr/local/git all
make prefix=/usr/local/git install
# 修改/etc/bashrc配置檔案末尾加入下面一行環境變數(建議針對使用者生效,否則使用其他使用者時候容易出問題)
tail -1 /etc/bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/git/bin
source /etc/bashrc
# 測試是否安裝成功
git --version
git version 2.9.5
```
#### JDK環境部署
```
# jenkins對jdk版本有要求,不能用jdk9和10,且需要將系統自帶的java環境清楚掉
# jdk下載地址
# http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/java-archive-javase8-2177648.html
# 解除安裝系統自帶的java環境
[root@jenkins-8 git-2.9.5]# rpm -qa |grep jdk
[root@jenkins-8 git-2.9.5]# java
bash: java: 未找到命令
# 解壓安裝jdk
tar xvf jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv jdk1.8.0_151/ jdk
# 修改/etc/bashrc配置檔案,末尾加入下面一行環境變數.
tail -2 /etc/bashrc
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
source /etc/bashrc
java -version # 儘量不要用openjdk
java version "1.8.0_151"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode)
```
#### 部署jenkins
```
# war包部署
# cp jenkins.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
# 停掉tomcat在啟動一遍
# 將Jenkins的war放到tomcat的webapps下面,重啟一下tomcat自己就解壓了,但是訪問可能有點慢
# 也可以通過jar包直接啟動jenkins
java \ -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote \ -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 \ -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false \ -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false \ -Djava.rmi.server.hostname="192.168.8.2 " \ -jar jenkins-2.138.3.war &
# 也可以用jenkins的rpm包安裝
wget https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins-2.222.1-1.1.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh jenkins-2.150.1-1.1.noarch.rpm
# Jenkins配置
grep -v "#" /etc/sysconfig/jenkins | grep -v "^$"
JENKINS_HOME="/var/lib/jenkins"
JENKINS_JAVA_CMD=""
JENKINS_USER="root"
JENKINS_JAVA_OPTIONS="-Djava.awt.headless=true \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false \
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false \
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname="149.129.38.117" "
JENKINS_PORT="8080"
JENKINS_LISTEN_ADDRESS=""
JENKINS_HTTPS_PORT=""
JENKINS_HTTPS_KEYSTORE=""
JENKINS_HTTPS_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD=""
JENKINS_HTTPS_LISTEN_ADDRESS=""
JENKINS_DEBUG_LEVEL="5"
JENKINS_ENABLE_ACCESS_LOG="no"
JENKINS_HANDLER_MAX="100"
JENKINS_HANDLER_IDLE="20"
JENKINS_ARGS=""
# 如果啟動報錯一般是你java不是openjdk的,修改下java路徑即可
vim /etc/init.d/jenkins
candidates="
/etc/alternatives/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0/bin/java
/usr/bin/java
/usr/local/jdk/bin/java # 加上你的Java路徑即可
"
```
![image](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609063304802-3edc7535-6e97-40d1-8083-200f269998ab.png)
```
cat /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword # 這個密碼以後可能會用到最後記下來,這個檔案往後初始化就沒有了
2775b0adf72e42a5bdea22297b81dd82
# 2> 複製密碼上面進入下一步會出現一個頁面安裝外掛圖2,
# 我們不弄太複雜,就安裝推薦的外掛,
# 安裝時間較長,請準備良好的網路環境,可能需要FQ
```
![image](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609063304827-e091c9c4-924c-4f16-aafb-cd1c3a8e274b.png)
```
/# 可能因為網路波動+jenkins源是國外的,會安裝失敗,重試幾次,
# 如果還不行換伺服器,比如雲伺服器,或者換源,圖3
```
![image](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609063304827-5d3f5919-2dac-4570-9535-693350e8c784.png)
![image](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609063304910-8d07fbd5-92fb-425e-b049-ca13fb80adb1.png)
**至此,就可以開始使用Jenkins了**
![image](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609063304818-a5158246-07ad-4b9e-8d20-c5de5f0f1fbb.png)
![image](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609063304874-deec7c0b-9043-4de3-b3f5-09de54513b93.png)
**
**
### 建立配置Gitlab專案
#### 新建project
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609067639877-8f8f2eaf-1db0-4b25-af34-0b9088d7f41e.png)
#### Gitlab倉庫新增jenkins主機的公鑰
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609072838863-dc49b622-a3db-4684-9295-38e9584fef2b.png)
#### 關掉Gitlab預設的Devops管道
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609072739416-aab5f304-3ea4-485b-9c0d-0232f3e90f04.png)
### 建立配置jenkins專案
#### 建立jenkins專案
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609072893846-e90c8652-f7b7-4818-9af1-82096e6ec20d.png)
#### 填寫gitlab的git地址
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609072930391-b2420deb-25b6-47df-8d21-ee7703a1b440.png)
#### 新增jenkins憑據
**此處憑據寫jenkins的私鑰**
**![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609073032630-117cfe94-8b62-4e99-8c5f-0d1cf2a7f006.png)**
#### 儲存測試jenkins專案拉取
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609073077752-c4c11113-1add-43fb-86ad-ea6b33d4a959.png)
### jenkins配置go環境和外掛
#### 安裝go環境
```
tar xf go1.15.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
mkdir /home/app
tail -6 /etc/profile
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export GOPATH=/home/app/GoProject
export GOBIN=$GOPATH/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin
export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
source /etc/profile
golang1.13可以直接進行
# 七牛雲
go env -w GO111MODULE=on
go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
# 阿里雲
go env -w GO111MODULE=on
go env -w GOPROXY=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/goproxy/,direct
```
> GOROOT:Go安裝後的根目錄,解壓的時候解壓Go安裝包的路徑,安裝過程中會由安裝程式自動寫入系統環境變數中。Go語言自帶的類庫。
>
>
>
> GOBIN:Go的二進位制檔案存放目錄。
>
>
>
> GOPATH:Go的工作空間(自己定義的goProject目錄)工作空間是一個目錄層次結構,根目錄包含三個子目錄:
>
>
>
> src:包含Go原始檔(例如:.go、.c、.h、.s 等)
>
>
>
> pkg:包含包物件,編譯好的庫檔案(例如:.a)
>
>
>
> bin:包含可執行命令(為了方便,可以把此目錄加入到 系統的 PATH 變數中,在環境變數 PATH 後追加 %GOPATH%\bin)
>
>
>
> PATH:需要將%GOBIN% 加在 PATH 變數的最後,方便在命令列下執行。
**驗證Go結果**
```
[root@jenkins src]# go version
go version go1.15.6 linux/amd64
```
#### 建立go測試程式碼
```
[root@jenkins ~]# mkdir -p /home/app/GoProject/src
[root@jenkins src]# git clone [email protected]:root/go_test1.git
[root@jenkins src]# cd /home/app/GoProject/src/go_test1
[root@jenkins test1]# go mod init go_test1
[root@jenkins test1]# cat main.go
package main
import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(200,gin.H{
"message": "Hello World",
})
})
r.Run(":10080")
}
[root@jenkins go_test1]# go run main.go
[root@jenkins ~]# curl localhost:10080
{"message":"Hello World"}
```
#### 上傳程式碼到gitlab專案
```
[root@jenkins go_test1]# git add .
[root@jenkins go_test1]# git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
[root@jenkins go_test1]# git config --global user.name "admin"
[root@jenkins go_test1]# git commit -m "add main.go v0.1"
[master 8492f92] add main.go v0.1
3 files changed, 57 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 go.mod
create mode 100644 go.sum
create mode 100644 main.go
[root@jenkins go_test1]# git push
Counting objects: 5, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (5/5), 2.36 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 5 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To 192.168.43.235:root/go_test1.git
4dbaa3a..8492f92 master -> master
```
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609078454912-4c61dd50-2b57-4659-9392-d9dc67f52a81.png)
#### 配置jenkins的Go全域性工具
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609078833373-7cd8886e-e6b7-4759-9242-dad56d39dcc3.png)
#### 配置jenkins構建引數
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609082092653-27ff49da-a13e-438a-af73-55569f74d86e.png)
#### 構建Go專案並執行測試
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609082114920-7744ff9e-4cdb-4203-b019-9cfbadd67220.png)
### 配置Nginx反代訪問服務
#### 安裝配置Nginx
```
yum -y install nginx
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:10080;
}
nginx
```
#### 驗證服務
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/2579212/1609082461111-9339f8a4-f488-4c23-bcf8-3ca2222803