Given theheadof a singly linked list where elements aresorted in ascending order, convert it to a height balanced BST.

For this problem, a height-balanced binary tree is defined as a binary tree in which the depth of the two subtrees ofeverynode never differ by more than 1.

Example 1:

Input: head = [-10,-3,0,5,9]
Output: [0,-3,9,-10,null,5]
Explanation: One possible answer is [0,-3,9,-10,null,5], which represents the shown height balanced BST.

Example 2:

Input: head = []
Output: []

Example 3:

Input: head = [0]
Output: [0]

Example 4:

Input: head = [1,3]
Output: [3,1]

Constraints:

• The number of nodes inheadis in the range[0, 2 * 104].
• -10^5 <= Node.val <= 10^5

因為本身排序好了，所以不用擔心BST的條件，為了做到balanced，取中點作為root就好。快慢指標找中點，同時keep一個prev指標指向slow的前一個，這樣方便斷開前半部分和mid。左半邊就是left subtree右半邊就是right subtree，然後遞迴下去。要是prev指向空了，也就是此時ll裡只有一個node的時候，就不用call左右了。

實現：Time O(nlogn) 第一次n/2, 第二次2*n/4, 第三次4*n/8,...總共logn次 Space O(logn)

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* sortedListToBST(ListNode* head) {
        
        if (!head) return nullptr;
        ListNode* prev = nullptr;
        ListNode* slow = head;
        ListNode* fast = head;
        
        while
 
 (fast && fast->next){
            prev = slow;
            slow = slow->next;
            fast = fast->next->next;
        }
        
        TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(slow->val);
        if (prev){
            prev->next = nullptr;
            root->left = sortedListToBST(head);
            root->right = sortedListToBST(slow->next);
        }
        
        return root;
        
    }
};