一、部署規劃

使用3306埠，安裝前請確保宿主機3306埠是否已被佔用。Mysql的預設字符集為latin1，根據配置檔案將字符集集修改為utf8mb4，該字符集支援emoji特殊字元。

二、安裝Mysql5.7

• 在安裝目錄下新建並按照規劃編輯docker-compose.yml檔案，編輯完後儲存退出

  vim docker-compose.yml
  

  version: '3'
  services:
    mysql:
      image: mysql:5.7
      container_name: mysql-5.7
      #使用該引數，container內的root擁有真正的root許可權，否則，container內的root只是外部的一個普通使用者許可權
      #設定為true，不然資料卷可能掛載不了，啟動不起
      privileged: true
      restart: always
      ports:
        - "3306:3306"
      environment:
        MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
        MYSQL_USER: root
        MYSQL_PASS: root
        TZ: Asia/Shanghai
      command:
        --wait_timeout=31536000
        --interactive_timeout=31536000
        --max_connections=1000
        --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
      volumes:
        #對映mysql的資料目錄到宿主機，儲存資料
        - "/home/work/docker-mysql-5.7/data:/var/lib/mysql"
        #根據宿主機下的配置檔案建立容器
        - "/home/work/docker-mysql-5.7/config/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf"
   
  

  根據需要root使用者密碼可自行決定；連線時間、最大連線數可根據需要進行修改；

  --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password主要解決遠端訪問問題。若MySQL為8.0版本，請修改為--default-authentication-plugin=caching_sha2_password

• 在安裝目錄下建立config目錄，並編寫my.cnf配置檔案

  [client]
  # 客戶端來源資料的預設字符集
  default-character-set=utf8mb4
  
  [mysqld]
  # 服務端預設字符集
  character-set-server=utf8mb4
  # 連線層預設字符集
  collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
  
  [mysql]
  # 資料庫預設字符集
  default-character-set=utf8mb4
   
  

• 在安裝目錄下執行相關命令，啟動容器

  docker-compose up -d
  

  檢視並進入容器當中，登入mysql，檢視字符集是否修改：

  [root@node03 docker-mysql-5.7]# docker-compose ps
    Name                 Command               State                 Ports              
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  mysql-5.7   docker-entrypoint.sh --wai ...   Up      0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp
  [root@node03 docker-mysql-5.7]# docker-compose exec mysql bash
  root@72f9ad3a4f36:/# mysql -uroot -proot
  mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  Your MySQL connection id is 35
  Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  
  Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  
  Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  owners.
  
  Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  
  mysql> show variables like '%character%';
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  | Variable_name            | Value                      |
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  | character_set_client     | utf8mb4                    |
  | character_set_connection | utf8mb4                    |
  | character_set_database   | utf8mb4                    |
  | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
  | character_set_results    | utf8mb4                    |
  | character_set_server     | utf8mb4                    |
  | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
  | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> 
  

三、驗證遠端訪問Mysql

• 利用工具連線資料庫