wxpython入門第十一步（俄羅斯方塊）
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-11-16
俄羅斯方塊是由俄羅斯程式設計師 Alexey Pajitnov在1985年設計和程式設計的。
在這個遊戲中，我們有七種不同的形狀：S形，Z形，T形，L形，線形，鏡面L形，和一個方形。每一個形狀都是由四個小正方形組成的。這些形狀都是從棋盤上掉下來的。俄羅斯方塊遊戲的目的是移動和旋轉這些形狀，使它們儘可能地適合。如果我們成功地形成一排，這一排就會被銷燬，我們就會得分。我們玩俄羅斯方塊遊戲，直到我們達到頂點。
<img src="https://mymarkdowm.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/markdownimg/tetrominoes.png" alt="Tetrominoes" style="zoom:50%;" />
wxPython 是一個用於建立應用程式的工具包。還有一些其他的庫比如pygame是針對建立電腦遊戲的，但wxPython也可以用來建立遊戲。
開發過程
我們的俄羅斯方塊遊戲沒有影象，我們使用wxPython中提供的繪圖API繪製俄羅斯方塊。每一個電腦遊戲的背後，都有一個數學模型。俄羅斯方塊中也是如此。
遊戲背後的一些基礎想法。
- 用wx.Timer來建立一個遊戲迴圈。
- 畫出不同形狀
- 形狀以方塊為單位移動（而不是以畫素為單位）。
- 在數學上，棋盤是一個簡單的數字列表。
#tetris_game.py
import wx
import random
class Tetris(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, size=(180, 380),
style=wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE ^ wx.RESIZE_BORDER ^ wx.MAXIMIZE_BOX)
self.initFrame()
def initFrame(self):
#狀態列 顯示分數 self.statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar() self.statusbar.SetStatusText('0') #主board self.board = Board(self) self.board.SetFocus() self.board.start() self.SetTitle("俄羅斯方塊") self.Centre() class Board(wx.Panel): BoardWidth = 10 BoardHeight = 22 Speed = 300 ID_TIMER = 1 def __init__(self, *args, **kw): super(Board, self).__init__(*args, **kw) self.initBoard() def initBoard(self): self.timer = wx.Timer(self, Board.ID_TIMER) self.isWaitingAfterLine = False self.curPiece = Shape() self.nextPiece = Shape() self.curX = 0 self.curY = 0 self.numLinesRemoved = 0 self.board = [] self.isStarted = False self.isPaused = False self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.OnPaint) self.Bind(wx.EVT_KEY_DOWN, self.OnKeyDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.OnTimer, id=Board.ID_TIMER) self.clearBoard() def shapeAt(self, x, y): return self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] def setShapeAt(self, x, y, shape): self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] = shape def squareWidth(self): return self.GetClientSize().GetWidth() // Board.BoardWidth def squareHeight(self): return self.GetClientSize().GetHeight() // Board.BoardHeight def start(self): if self.isPaused: return self.isStarted = True self.isWaitingAfterLine = False self.numLinesRemoved = 0 self.clearBoard() self.newPiece() self.timer.Start(Board.Speed) def pause(self): if not self.isStarted: return self.isPaused = not self.isPaused statusbar = self.GetParent().statusbar if self.isPaused: self.timer.Stop() statusbar.SetStatusText('paused') else: self.timer.Start(Board.Speed) statusbar.SetStatusText(str(self.numLinesRemoved)) self.Refresh() def clearBoard(self): for i in range(Board.BoardHeight * Board.BoardWidth): self.board.append(Tetrominoes.NoShape) def OnPaint(self, event): dc = wx.PaintDC(self) size = self.GetClientSize() boardTop = size.GetHeight() - Board.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight() for i in range(Board.BoardHeight): for j in range(Board.BoardWidth): shape = self.shapeAt(j, Board.BoardHeight - i - 1) if shape != Tetrominoes.NoShape: self.drawSquare(dc, 0 + j * self.squareWidth(), boardTop + i * self.squareHeight(), shape) if self.curPiece.shape() != Tetrominoes.NoShape: for i in range(4): x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i) y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i) self.drawSquare(dc, 0 + x * self.squareWidth(), boardTop + (Board.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(), self.curPiece.shape()) def OnKeyDown(self, event): if not self.isStarted or self.curPiece.shape() == Tetrominoes.NoShape: event.Skip() return keycode = event.GetKeyCode() if keycode == ord('P') or keycode == ord('p'): self.pause() return if self.isPaused: return elif keycode == wx.WXK_LEFT: self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX - 1, self.curY) elif keycode == wx.WXK_RIGHT: self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX + 1, self.curY) elif keycode == wx.WXK_DOWN: self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotatedRight(), self.curX, self.curY) elif keycode == wx.WXK_UP: self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotatedLeft(), self.curX, self.curY) elif keycode == wx.WXK_SPACE: self.dropDown() elif keycode == ord('D') or keycode == ord('d'): self.oneLineDown() else: event.Skip() def OnTimer(self, event): if event.GetId() == Board.ID_TIMER: if self.isWaitingAfterLine: self.isWaitingAfterLine = False self.newPiece() else: self.oneLineDown() else: event.Skip() def dropDown(self): newY = self.curY while newY > 0: if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, newY - 1): break newY -= 1 self.pieceDropped() def oneLineDown(self): if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY - 1): self.pieceDropped() def pieceDropped(self): for i in range(4): x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i) y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i) self.setShapeAt(x, y, self.curPiece.shape()) self.removeFullLines() if not self.isWaitingAfterLine: self.newPiece() def removeFullLines(self): numFullLines = 0 statusbar = self.GetParent().statusbar rowsToRemove = [] for i in range(Board.BoardHeight): n = 0 for j in range(Board.BoardWidth): if not self.shapeAt(j, i) == Tetrominoes.NoShape: n = n + 1 if n == 10: rowsToRemove.append(i) rowsToRemove.reverse() for m in rowsToRemove: for k in range(m, Board.BoardHeight): for l in range(Board.BoardWidth): self.setShapeAt(l, k, self.shapeAt(l, k + 1)) numFullLines = numFullLines + len(rowsToRemove) if numFullLines > 0: self.numLinesRemoved = self.numLinesRemoved + numFullLines statusbar.SetStatusText(str(self.numLinesRemoved)) self.isWaitingAfterLine = True self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoes.NoShape) self.Refresh() def newPiece(self): self.curPiece = self.nextPiece statusbar = self.GetParent().statusbar self.nextPiece.setRandomShape() self.curX = Board.BoardWidth // 2 + 1 self.curY = Board.BoardHeight - 1 + self.curPiece.minY() if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY): self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoes.NoShape) self.timer.Stop() self.isStarted = False statusbar.SetStatusText('Game over') def tryMove(self, newPiece, newX, newY): for i in range(4): x = newX + newPiece.x(i) y = newY - newPiece.y(i) if x < 0 or x >= Board.BoardWidth or y < 0 or y >= Board.BoardHeight: return False if self.shapeAt(x, y) != Tetrominoes.NoShape: return False self.curPiece = newPiece self.curX = newX self.curY = newY self.Refresh() return True def drawSquare(self, dc, x, y, shape): colors = ['#000000', '#CC6666', '#66CC66', '#6666CC', '#CCCC66', '#CC66CC', '#66CCCC', '#DAAA00'] light = ['#000000', '#F89FAB', '#79FC79', '#7979FC', '#FCFC79', '#FC79FC', '#79FCFC', '#FCC600'] dark = ['#000000',