從零搭建SpringBoot2.X整合Redis框架的詳細教程
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-12-14
最近也不知道寫啥，看之前寫過Kafka整合Springboot的文章，大家反響還挺熱烈的，嘿嘿嘿，就感覺幫助到大家了還挺好的，也算是達到了自己的目的，正好，今天業務模組是springboot整合redis，因為之前做過，所以有現成的程式碼，cv一下之後就可以了，所以時間比較多，那就給大家整理一下Springboot整合Redis的程式碼實現吧，從專案搭建到原始碼實現，下面全都有，耐心看完，相信會對你有所幫助的
好了，話不多說，我們開始吧，同樣的，還是建議能夠自己在自己的PC端實現一下
個人公眾號：Java架構師聯盟，每日更新技術好文
一、使用Spring Initializr建立專案web專案
1、File→New→Project
2、點選Next如圖所示，命名好Group和Artifact
3、Next後如圖所示，勾選中需要的依賴，Spring Initializr會自動匯入所需的starter
4、建立專案成功後，pom.xml檔案中的依賴如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.heny</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-redis</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>spring-boot-redis</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId> <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
5、在pom.xml檔案中新增redis的starter
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
6、建立JavaBean用於封裝資料庫資料，需要實現Serializable
package com.henya.springboot.bean;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Employee implements Serializable{
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private Integer gender; //性別 1男 0女
private Integer dId;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public Employee(Integer id,String lastName,String email,Integer gender,Integer dId) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.email = email;
this.gender = gender;
this.dId = dId;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Integer getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(Integer gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Integer getdId() {
return dId;
}
public void setdId(Integer dId) {
this.dId = dId;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [id=" + id + ",lastName=" + lastName + ",email=" + email + ",gender=" + gender + ",dId="
+ dId + "]";
}
}注意：
在寫JavaBean物件時需要實現Serializable介面否則會報以下錯誤：
Cannot deserialize; nested exception is org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializationFailedException
7、整合Mybatis操作資料庫，在application.properties配置檔案中配置資料來源資訊
#serverTimezone用於指定時區，不然會報錯 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cache?serverTimezone=UTC spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=123456 # 開啟駝峰命名法規則 mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true #日誌級別 logging.level.com.henya.springboot.mapper=debug
8、使用註解版Mybatis建立Mapper
package com.henya.springboot.mapper;
import com.henya.springboot.bean.Employee;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
@Mapper
public interface EmployeeMapper {
@Select("SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id=#{id}")
public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);
@Update("UPDATE employee SET lastName=#{lastName},email=#{email},gender=#{gender},d_id=#{dId} WHERE id=#{id}")
public void updateEmp(Employee employee);
@Delete("DELETE FROM emlpoyee WHERE id=#{id}")
public void delEmpById(Integer id);
@Insert("INSERT INTO employee(lastName,email,gender,d_id) VALUES (#{lastName},#{email},#{gender},#{dId})")
public Employee insertEmp(Employee employee);
@Select("SELECT * FROM employee WHERE lastName=#{lastName}")
public Employee getEmpByLastName(String lastName);
}
注意：
需要使用使用@MapperScan註解掃描Mapper所在的介面，只需要加在主程式類上即可。除此之外，還要使用@EnableCaching用於開啟快取。
@MapperScan("com.henya.springboot.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching //開啟快取
public class SpringBootRedisApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBootRedisApplication.class,args);
}
}
9、編寫Service類，用於訪問資料庫或redis快取
package com.henya.springboot.service;
import com.henya.springboot.bean.Employee;
import com.henya.springboot.mapper.EmployeeMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "emp") //抽取快取的公共配置
@Service
public class EmployeeService {
@Autowired
EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;
/**
* @param id
* @return
*/
@Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"},keyGenerator = "myKeyGenerator")
public Employee getEmpById(Integer id) {
System.err.println("開始查詢"+ id +"號員工");
Employee employee = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
return employee;
}
/**
* @CachePut：既呼叫方法（這個方法必須要執行），又更新快取資料
* @param employee
* @return
*/
@CachePut(value = "emp",key = "#result.id")
public Employee updateEmp(Employee employee){
System.err.println("開始更新" + employee.getId() + "號員工");
employeeMapper.updateEmp(employee);
return employee;
}
/**
* @CacheEvict：快取清除
* @param id
*/
@CacheEvict(value = "emp",beforeInvocation = true)
public void deleteEmp(Integer id){
System.err.println("刪除" + id + "員工");
int i = 10/0;
}
10、編寫Controller類
package com.henya.springboot.controller;
import com.henya.springboot.bean.Employee;
import com.henya.springboot.service.EmployeeService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @Description:
* @Author：HenYa
* @CreatTime：2019/12/1 12:44
*/
@RestController
public class EmployeeController {
@Autowired
EmployeeService employeeService;
@GetMapping("/emp/{id}")
public Employee getEmpById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
Employee employee = employeeService.getEmpById(id);
return employee;
}
@GetMapping("/emp")
public Employee updateEmp(Employee employee){
Employee emp = employeeService.updateEmp(employee);
return emp;
}
}
二、測試SpringBoot整合Redis是否成功
1、在瀏覽器訪問，也可以使用測試類，筆者使用了瀏覽器訪問http://localhost:8080/emp/1進行測試，初次訪問時，控制檯會提示開始查詢1號員工，如圖所示。
2、再次訪問時，控制檯並沒有sql日誌，如圖所示。
3、此時使用RedisDesktopManager工具檢視redis時有資料，並且cacheName為emp，如圖所示
只是emp物件被序列化了。檢視原始碼可知Redis預設使用Jdk進行序列化。
static RedisSerializer<Object> java(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
return new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer(classLoader);
}
檢視RedisSerializer介面的實現有以下幾種：
我們常用的就是以json的格式進行序列化。但是需要自定義RedisCacheManager。
三、自定義RedisCacheManager
package com.henya.springboot.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
/**
* @Description:
* @Author：HenYa
* @CreatTime：2019/12/6 20:50
*/
@Configuration
public class MyRedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisCacheManager empCacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
//RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager = new RedisCacheManager(redisConnectionFactory);
RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory);
RedisSerializer<Object> redisSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair<Object> pair = RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisSerializer);
RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().serializeValuesWith(pair);
// 預設會將CacheName作為key的字首
return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter,redisCacheConfiguration);
}
}
此時，Redis中快取資料就以Json的格式進行序列化，如圖所示。
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