七種方式遍歷HashMap
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-12-13
一 動靜分離概述
1.1 動靜分離介紹
為了提高網站的響應速度,減輕程式伺服器(Tomcat,Jboss等)的負載,對於靜態資源,如圖片、js、css等檔案,可以在反向代理伺服器中進行快取,這樣瀏覽器在請求一個靜態資源時,代理伺服器就可以直接處理,而不用將請求轉發給後端伺服器。對於使用者請求的動態檔案,如servlet、jsp,則轉發給Tomcat,Jboss伺服器處理,這就是動靜分離。即動態檔案與靜態檔案的分離。1.2 動靜分離原理
動靜分離可通過location對請求url進行匹配,將網站靜態資源(HTML,JavaScript,CSS,img等檔案)與後臺應用分開部署,提高使用者訪問靜態程式碼的速度,降低對後臺應用訪問。通常將靜態資源放到nginx中,動態資源轉發到tomcat伺服器中。二 動靜分離實現--根據檔案字尾
2.1 環境準備
主機 |
IP |
角色 |
備註 |
nginx01 |
172.24.10.21 |
Nginx Proxy主機 |
接受請求,並代理至後端css儲存點 |
nginx02 |
172.24.10.22 |
Nginx 靜態伺服器 |
處理靜態請求 |
nginx03 |
172.24.10.23 |
Nginx 動態伺服器 |
處理動態請求 |
2.2 建立靜態站點
[root@nginx02 ~]# mkdir /usr/share/nginx/staticrs/ [root@nginx02 ~]# echo '<h1>Static_Web</h1>' > /usr/share/nginx/staticrs/index.html [root@nginx02 ~]# ll /usr/share/nginx/staticrs/ #上傳示例圖片靜態資源 total 16K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Jun 20 14:32 index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11K Jun 20 14:35 nginx.jpg [root@nginx02~]# mv /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf.bak
[root@nginx02 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/staticrs.conf server { listen 80; server_name staticrs.linuxds.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/staticrs.access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/staticrs.error.log warn; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/staticrs; index index.html; } }
1 [root@nginx02 ~]# nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #檢查配置檔案 2 [root@nginx02 ~]# nginx -s reload #過載配置檔案手動訪問後端靜態站點及資源:http://staticrs.linuxds.com/及http://staticrs.linuxds.com/nginx.jpg。
2.3 建立動態站點
1 [root@nginx03 ~]# yum install -y tomcat 2 [root@nginx03 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/ROOT
[root@nginx03 ~]# vi /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/javatest.jsp #構建動態測試頁面 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>JSP Test Page</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <% Random rand = new Random(); out.println("<h1>隨機數:<h1>"); out.println(rand.nextInt(99)+100); %> </BODY> </HTML>
1 [root@nginx03 ~]# systemctl start tomcat.service #啟動tomcat
2.4 配置前端動靜分離
1 [root@nginx01 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/share/nginx/dss 2 [root@nginx01 ~]# ll /usr/share/nginx/dss/ 3 total 4.0K 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.9K Jun 20 18:10 test.css #模擬css
[root@nginx01 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/dss.conf #配置Dynamic-Static Separation upstream static_server { server 172.24.10.22; } upstream tomcat_server { server 172.24.10.23:8080; } server { listen 80; server_name dss.linuxds.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/dss.access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/dss.error.log warn; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; # location / { # root html; # index index.html; # } location / { proxy_pass http://static_server; } location ~ .*\.(css)$ { root /usr/share/nginx/dss; } location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma) { proxy_pass http://static_server; expires 5d; } location ~ .*\.jsp$ { proxy_pass http://tomcat_server; expires 1h; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }
1 [root@nginx01 ~]# nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #檢查配置檔案 2 [root@nginx01 ~]# nginx -s reload #過載配置檔案
2.5 訪問測試
瀏覽器分別訪問:http://dss.linuxds.com/,http://dss.linuxds.com/javatest.jsp,http://staticrs.linuxds.com/nginx.jpg,http://dss.linuxds.com/test.css。三 動靜分離實現--根據檔案路徑
3.1 環境準備
參考2.1.3.2 建立靜態站點
[root@nginx02 ~]# mkdir /usr/share/nginx/staticrs/ [root@nginx02 ~]# echo '<h1>Static_Web</h1>' > /usr/share/nginx/staticrs/index.html [root@nginx02 ~]# ll /usr/share/nginx/staticrs/ #上傳示例圖片靜態資源 total 16K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Jun 20 14:32 index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11K Jun 20 14:35 nginx.jpg [root@nginx02 ~]# mv /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf.bak
[root@nginx02 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/staticrs.conf server { listen 80; server_name staticrs.linuxds.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/staticrs.access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/staticrs.error.log warn; location /static { alias /usr/share/nginx/staticrs; index index.html; } }
1 [root@nginx02 ~]# nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #檢查配置檔案 2 [root@nginx02 ~]# nginx -s reload #過載配置檔案手動訪問後端靜態站點及資源:http://staticrs.linuxds.com/static/及http://staticrs.linuxds.com/static/nginx.jpg。
3.3 建立動態站點
1 [root@nginx03 ~]# yum install -y tomcat 2 [root@nginx03 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/dynamic
[root@nginx03 ~]# vi /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/dynamic/javatest.jsp <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>JSP Test Page</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <% Random rand = new Random(); out.println("<h1>隨機數:<h1>"); out.println(rand.nextInt(99)+100); %> </BODY> </HTML>
1 [root@nginx03 ~]# systemctl start tomcat.service #啟動tomcat
手動訪問後端動態站點及資源:http://dynamic.linuxds.com:8080/dynamic/javatest.jsp 3.4 配置前端動靜分離
[root@nginx01 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/dss.conf #配置Dynamic-Static Separation upstream static_server { server 172.24.10.22; } upstream tomcat_server { server 172.24.10.23:8080; } server { listen 80; server_name dss.linuxds.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/dss.access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/dss.error.log warn; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; # location / { # root html; # index index.html; # } location / { proxy_pass http://static_server; } location ~ .*\.(css)$ { root /usr/share/nginx/dss; } location /static/ { proxy_pass http://static_server; expires 5d; } location /dynamic/ { proxy_pass http://tomcat_server; expires 1h; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }
1 [root@nginx01 ~]# nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #檢查配置檔案 2 [root@nginx01 ~]# nginx -s reload #過載配置檔案