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字元驅動理解(四)中斷

在linux核心中寫中斷 的思想和過程是:

1. 申請中斷

2. 使能中斷

3.填寫中斷服務函式。

下面是例程程式:

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include 
<asm/io.h> #include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h> #include <asm/hardware.h> static struct class *thirddrv_class; static struct class_device *thirddrv_class_dev; volatile unsigned long *gpfcon; volatile unsigned long *gpfdat; volatile unsigned long *gpgcon; volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq); /* 中斷事件標誌, 中斷服務程式將它置1,third_drv_read將它清0 */ static volatile int ev_press = 0; struct pin_desc{ unsigned int pin; unsigned int key_val; }; /* 鍵值: 按下時, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */ /* 鍵值: 鬆開時, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */ static unsigned char key_val; struct pin_desc pins_desc[4
] = { {S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01}, {S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02}, {S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03}, {S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04}, }; /* * 確定按鍵值 */ static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id) { struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id; unsigned int pinval; pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin); if (pinval) { /* 鬆開 */ key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val; } else { /* 按下 */ key_val = pindesc->key_val; } ev_press = 1; /* 表示中斷髮生了 */ wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 喚醒休眠的程序 */ return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED); } static int third_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { /* 配置GPF0,2為輸入引腳 */ /* 配置GPG3,11為輸入引腳 */ request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]); request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]); request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]); request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]); return 0; } ssize_t third_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos) { if (size != 1) return -EINVAL; /* 如果沒有按鍵動作, 休眠 */ wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press); /* 如果有按鍵動作, 返回鍵值 */ copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1); ev_press = 0; return 1; } int third_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]); free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]); free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]); free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]); return 0; } static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 這是一個巨集,推向編譯模組時自動建立的__this_module變數 */ .open = third_drv_open, .read = third_drv_read, .release = third_drv_close, }; int major; static int third_drv_init(void) { major = register_chrdev(0, "third_drv", &sencod_drv_fops); thirddrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "third_drv"); thirddrv_class_dev = class_device_create(thirddrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */ gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16); gpfdat = gpfcon + 1; gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16); gpgdat = gpgcon + 1; return 0; } static void third_drv_exit(void) { unregister_chrdev(major, "third_drv"); class_device_unregister(thirddrv_class_dev); class_destroy(thirddrv_class); iounmap(gpfcon); iounmap(gpgcon); return 0; } module_init(third_drv_init); module_exit(third_drv_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

函式分析:

int request_irq(unsigned int irq, irq_handler_t handler, unsigned long irqflags, const char *devname, void *dev_id)

這個函式 第一個是中斷的服務巨集定義:

IRQ_EINT0
IRQ_EINT2
IRQ_EINT3
此類中斷巨集定義

irq_handler_t handler: 這個是中斷服務型函式。
irqflags: 中斷的型別,是高電平觸發還是低電平觸發。
devname: 給一個device的名稱,此名稱會被顯示在proc/dev
dev_id: 這個ID號, free_IRQ的時候會運用這個。

下面這兩個函式: ev_press 必須置於1
 ev_press = 1;                  /* 表示中斷髮生了 */ 表示按鍵被按了下去
 wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);   /* 喚醒休眠的程序 */
當中斷執行完了之後 這個
wake_up_interruptible把button_waitq 啟用 啟用之後 read函式中的
    /* 如果沒有按鍵動作, 休眠 */
    wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press); 函式就可以繼續的執行下面的內容但是ev_press = 0;必須清零 為了之後程式的執行。


static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);在這裡設定了一個巨集,button_waitq 是這個巨集的指標的頭。