Shiro入門（整合springboot）
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-12-30
mysql備份工具mysqldump
安裝mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb* [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb //設定開機自啟動 Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service. [root@localhost ~]# ss -antl //3306埠號起來了 State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 80 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
建立school庫和student表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 8 Server version: 10.3.17-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show database; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1 MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.002 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create database school; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use school; Database changed MariaDB [school]> create table student(id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(50),age tinyint); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.008 sec) MariaDB [school]> insert student(name,age) values('tom',20),('jerry',23),('zhangshan',20); Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.002 sec) Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 MariaDB [school]> create table student1(id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(50),age tinyint); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.007 sec) MariaDB [school]> create table student2(id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(50),age tinyint); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.007 sec) MariaDB [school]> insert student1(name,age) values('hehe',20),('jerry',23),('zhangshan',20),('lisi',24); Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.002 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 MariaDB [school]> select * from student; +----+-----------+------+ | id | name | age | +----+-----------+------+ | 1 | tom | 20 | | 2 | jerry | 23 | | 3 | zhangshan | 20 | +----+-----------+------+ 3 rows in set (0.001 sec) MariaDB [school]> select * from student1; +----+-----------+------+ | id | name | age | +----+-----------+------+ | 1 | hehe | 20 | | 2 | jerry | 23 | | 3 | zhangshan | 20 | | 4 | lisi | 24 | +----+-----------+------+ 4 rows in set (0.001 sec) MariaDB [school]> show tables; +------------------+ | Tables_in_school | +------------------+ | student | | student1 | | student2 | +------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.000 sec) MariaDB [school]>
開始備份資料庫
//語法： mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables ...] mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS] mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...] //常用的OPTIONS： -uUSERNAME //指定資料庫使用者名稱 -hHOST //指定伺服器主機，請使用ip地址 -pPASSWORD //指定資料庫使用者的密碼 -P# //指定資料庫監聽的埠，這裡的#需用實際的埠號代替，如-P3307
備份school庫裡的student表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot school student > table_student.sql
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg table_student.sql
備份school裡所有的表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot school > table_school.sql
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg table_school.sql table_student.sql
[root@localhost ~]#
備份所有的資料庫（全備）
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot --all-databases > all.sql
[root@localhost ~]# du -sh *
472K all.sql
4.0K anaconda-ks.cfg
4.0K table_school.sql
4.0K table_student.sql
[root@localhost ~]#
指定備份多個庫怎麼做
MariaDB [infomation]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [infomation]>
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot --databases school infomation > databases.sql //備份school庫和infomation庫
[root@localhost ~]# ls
all.sql anaconda-ks.cfg databases.sql table_school.sql table_student.sql
[root@localhost ~]#
注意： 備份的時候記得寫日期，上面沒加日期是為了方便演示
恢復資料庫中的表
#方法一,需要建立這個庫，然後進到這個庫，source備份檔案#
模擬誤刪了school庫
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database school;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.010 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
開始恢復
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use school;
Database changed
MariaDB [school]> source table_school.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.008 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.002 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.006 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.002 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.004 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.007 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [school]> show tables; //恢復成功了
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| student |
| student1 |
| student2 |
+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [school]> select * from student;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | zhangshan | 20 |
+----+-----------+------+
3 rows in set (0.002 sec)
#方法二，需要建立這個庫，但是不用進到庫裡面，直接把這個檔案用重定向的方式恢復#
模擬誤刪了school庫
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database school;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.012 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
開始恢復
MariaDB [(none)]> create database school; //建立school庫
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.002 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot school < table_school.sql //重定向恢復庫
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -e 'show tables from school;' //可以看到恢復成功的表
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| student |
| student1 |
| student2 |
+------------------+
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -e 'select * from school.student;' //可以看到表裡面的內容
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | zhangshan | 20 |
+----+-----------+------+
[root@localhost ~]#
恢復資料庫
誤刪了school庫和infomation庫
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database infomation;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.003 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
開始恢復
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot < databases.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -e 'show databases;'
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
+--------------------+
[root@localhost ~]#
mysql差異備份與恢復
mysql差異備份
開啟mysql二進位制日誌功能
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#
[mysqld]
log-bin = mysql_bin //開啟二進位制日誌功能
server-id = 10 //設定伺服器識別符號
# This group is read both both by the client and the server
# use it for options that affect everything
#
[client-server]
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mariadb //重啟服務
完全備份
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot --single-transaction --flush-logs --master-data=2 --all-databases --delete-master-logs > all-20201230.sql
[root@localhost ~]# ls
all-20201230.sql anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]#
新增新內容
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.3.17-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use school;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [school]> insert student2(name,age)values('tom',20),('jerry',23),('lisi',127);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.003 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [school]> select * from student2;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | lisi | 127 |
+----+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [school]> update student2 set age = 27 where id =3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.003 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [school]> select * from student2;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | lisi | 27 |
+----+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [school]>
mysql差異備份恢復
模擬誤刪了school庫
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [school]> drop database school;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.008 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| infomation |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
重新整理建立新的二進位制日誌
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
aria_log.00000001 ibdata1 ibtmp1 mysql mysql.sock
aria_log_control ib_logfile0 infomation mysql_bin.000002 mysql_upgrade_info
ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile1 multi-master.info mysql_bin.index performance_schema
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot flush-logs
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
total 122924
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 16384 Dec 30 23:36 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 52 Dec 30 23:36 aria_log_control
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 1812 Dec 30 23:36 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Dec 31 00:03 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Dec 31 00:03 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Dec 30 22:02 ib_logfile1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Dec 30 23:36 ibtmp1
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 52 Dec 30 23:20 infomation
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 0 Dec 30 22:02 multi-master.info
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 30 22:02 mysql
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 1084 Dec 31 00:07 mysql_bin.000002
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 385 Dec 31 00:07 mysql_bin.000003 //多出來了一個003
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 38 Dec 31 00:07 mysql_bin.index
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 Dec 30 23:36 mysql.sock
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 16 Dec 30 22:02 mysql_upgrade_info
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 20 Dec 30 22:02 performance_schema
[root@localhost mysql]#
注意： 誤刪之後立馬重新整理日誌
恢復完全備份
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot < all-20201230.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 15
Server version: 10.3.17-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> use school;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [school]> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| student |
| student1 |
| student2 |
+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.000 sec)
檢查誤刪資料庫的位置在什麼地方
MariaDB [school]> show binlog events in 'mysql_bin.000002'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 4
Event_type: Format_desc
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 256
Info: Server ver: 10.3.17-MariaDB-log, Binlog ver: 4
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 256
Event_type: Gtid_list
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 285
Info: []
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 285
Event_type: Binlog_checkpoint
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 328
Info: mysql_bin.000001
*************************** 4. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 328
Event_type: Binlog_checkpoint
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 371
Info: mysql_bin.000002
*************************** 5. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 371
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 413
Info: BEGIN GTID 0-10-1
*************************** 6. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 413
Event_type: Annotate_rows
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 503
Info: insert student2(name,age)values('tom',20),('jerry',23),('lisi',127)
*************************** 7. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 503
Event_type: Table_map
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 560
Info: table_id: 53 (school.student2)
*************************** 8. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 560
Event_type: Write_rows_v1
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 626
Info: table_id: 53 flags: STMT_END_F
*************************** 9. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 626
Event_type: Xid
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 657
Info: COMMIT /* xid=480 */
*************************** 10. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 657
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 699
Info: BEGIN GTID 0-10-2
*************************** 11. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 699
Event_type: Annotate_rows
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 762
Info: update student2 set age = 27 where id =3
*************************** 12. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 762
Event_type: Table_map
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 819
Info: table_id: 53 (school.student2)
*************************** 13. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 819
Event_type: Update_rows_v1
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 875
Info: table_id: 53 flags: STMT_END_F
*************************** 14. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 875
Event_type: Xid
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 906
Info: COMMIT /* xid=483 */
*************************** 15. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 906
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 948
Info: GTID 0-10-3
*************************** 16. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 948
Event_type: Query
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 1037
Info: drop database school
*************************** 17. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql_bin.000002
Pos: 1037
Event_type: Rotate
Server_id: 10
End_log_pos: 1084
Info: mysql_bin.000003;pos=4
17 rows in set (0.000 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
MariaDB [school]>
使用mysqlbinlog恢復差異備份
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --stop-position=948 /var/lib/mysql/mysql_bin.000002 |mysql -uroot //恢復到948，也就是刪除school庫的前一步，修改lisi年齡age的時候
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 17
Server version: 10.3.17-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> use school;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [school]> select * from student2;
+----+-------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | lisi | 27 |
+----+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [school]>