技術標籤：pythonpythonubuntulinux

在Ubuntu 16.04(18.04) 系統上編譯安裝Python 3.8 方法

安裝編譯依賴

sudo apt install -y wget build-essential libreadline-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev

sudo apt update 

下載解壓原始碼

sudo wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.0/Python-3.8.6.tgz
 

tar xf Python-3.8.6.tgz

設定編譯引數

cd Python-3.8.6/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations

編譯及安裝

sudo make && sudo make install

如有需要 make 編譯完後可以將整個原始碼包打包

打包命令

tar cf py38make.tar Python-3.8.6 && gzip py38make.tar

到相同配置的機器上安裝，適用於雲端多臺相同的伺服器

sudo rm -rf Python-3.x.x  # 刪除舊的原始碼資料夾
 

sudo rm -rf /usr/local/python3/  # 刪除舊二進位制檔案

解壓命令

tar xf py38make.tar.gz

cd Python-3.8.6

sudo make && sudo make install  # 安裝3.8 版本

軟連線pip3 和python3.8，-f 強制建立有則覆蓋

sudo ln -sf /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3.8

sudo ln -sf /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

測試pip 安裝軟體

pip list

可能出現報錯

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 395, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 487, in run
    output=stdout, stderr=stderr)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '('lsb_release', '-a')' returned non-zero exit status 1.

注意：是/usr/local/lib/python3.8/路徑下缺少lsb_release.py檔案（具體報錯路徑檢視自己電腦報錯路徑），解決方法

sudo find / -name 'lsb_release.py'

# 注意檢視自己報錯路徑再複製
sudo cp /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/lsb_release.py /usr/local/lib/python3.8/

pip list

升級pip

sudo pip install --upgrade pip