[Linux]使用三種分割槽工具進行分割槽
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-09-06
目錄
要求：
新增一塊硬碟
分別使用fdisk，gdisk，parted工具進行分割槽
每個分割槽1GiB
一、新增硬碟
1.1 新增一塊5G硬碟
1.2 掃描新新增的硬碟
[root@localhost /]# ls /sys/class/scsi_host/ host0 host1 host2 #掃描 echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
1.3 檢查新硬碟
二、fdisk 分割槽
2.1 分割槽前硬碟資訊
[root@localhost /]# lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
2.2 使用fdisk進行分割槽
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x929b758e. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x929b758e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759): +1G Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x929b758e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
2.3 更新分割槽資訊
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
2.4 檢視分割槽
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part
三、gdisk 分割槽
3.1 安裝gdisk工具
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gdisk -y
3.2 使用gdisk進行分割槽
[root@localhost ~]# gdisk /dev/sdb GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10 Partition table scan: MBR: MBR only BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: not present *************************************************************** Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions to GPT format! *************************************************************** Command (? for help): n Partition number (2-128, default 2): ^C [root@localhost ~]# clear [root@localhost ~]# gdisk /dev/sdb GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10 Partition table scan: MBR: MBR only BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: not present *************************************************************** Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions to GPT format! *************************************************************** Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): FA179ECF-C5B2-4511-8AFD-F556C0CF7E26 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 8388541 sectors (4.0 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem Command (? for help): n Partition number (2-128, default 2): First sector (34-10485726, default = 2099200) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: Last sector (2099200-10485726, default = 10485726) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): L 0700 Microsoft basic data 0c01 Microsoft reserved 2700 Windows RE 3000 ONIE boot 3001 ONIE config 4100 PowerPC PReP boot 4200 Windows LDM data 4201 Windows LDM metadata 7501 IBM GPFS 7f00 ChromeOS kernel 7f01 ChromeOS root 7f02 ChromeOS reserved 8200 Linux swap 8300 Linux filesystem 8301 Linux reserved 8302 Linux /home 8400 Intel Rapid Start 8e00 Linux LVM a500 FreeBSD disklabel a501 FreeBSD boot a502 FreeBSD swap a503 FreeBSD UFS a504 FreeBSD ZFS a505 FreeBSD Vinum/RAID a580 Midnight BSD data a581 Midnight BSD boot a582 Midnight BSD swap a583 Midnight BSD UFS a584 Midnight BSD ZFS a585 Midnight BSD Vinum a800 Apple UFS a901 NetBSD swap a902 NetBSD FFS a903 NetBSD LFS a904 NetBSD concatenated a905 NetBSD encrypted a906 NetBSD RAID ab00 Apple boot af00 Apple HFS/HFS+ af01 Apple RAID af02 Apple RAID offline af03 Apple label af04 AppleTV recovery af05 Apple Core Storage be00 Solaris boot bf00 Solaris root bf01 Solaris /usr & Mac Z bf02 Solaris swap bf03 Solaris backup bf04 Solaris /var bf05 Solaris /home bf06 Solaris alternate se bf07 Solaris Reserved 1 bf08 Solaris Reserved 2 bf09 Solaris Reserved 3 bf0a Solaris Reserved 4 bf0b Solaris Reserved 5 c001 HP-UX data c002 HP-UX service ea00 Freedesktop $BOOT eb00 Haiku BFS ed00 Sony system partitio ed01 Lenovo system partit Press the <enter> key to see more codes: 8300 ef00 EFI System ef01 MBR partition scheme ef02 BIOS boot partition fb00 VMWare VMFS fb01 VMWare reserved fc00 VMWare kcore crash p fd00 Linux RAID Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem' Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): FA179ECF-C5B2-4511-8AFD-F556C0CF7E26 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 6291389 sectors (3.0 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem 2 2099200 4196351 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem Command (? for help): w Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING PARTITIONS!! Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdb. The operation has completed successfully.
3.3 檢視分割槽
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part
└─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part
四、parted 分割槽
4.1 安裝parted工具（預設有）
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep parted
parted-3.1-23.el7.x86_64
4.2 使用parted分割槽
[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 5369MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB Linux filesystem
2 1075MB 2149MB 1074MB Linux filesystem
(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []? part3
File system type? [ext2]? xfs
Start? 2149
End? 3223
(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
4.3 更新分割槽表
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part
└─sdb3 8:19 0 1G 0 part