據我瞭解的前端的下載方式有三種，第一種是通過a標籤來進行下載，第二種時候通過window.location來下載，第三種是通過請求後臺的介面來下載，今天就來記錄一下這三種下載方式。
方法一：通過a標籤

// href為檔案的儲存路徑或者地址，download為問檔名
<a href="/images/logo.jpg" download="logo" />
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優點：簡單方便。
缺點：這種下載方式只支援Firefox和Chrome不支援IE和Safari，相容性不夠好。

方法二：通過window.location

window.location = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/download?name=xxx&type=xxx'
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優點：簡單方便。
缺點：只能進行get請求，當有token校驗的時候不方便。

方法三：通過請求後臺介面

// download.js
import axios from 'axios'

export function download(type, name) {
axios({
method: 'post',
url: 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/download',
// headers裡面設定token
headers: {
loginCode: 'xxx',
authorization: 'xxx'
},
data: {
name: name,
type: type
},
// 二進位制流檔案，一定要設定成blob，預設是json
responseType: 'blob'
}).then(res => {
const link = document.createElement('a')
const blob = new Blob([res.data], { type: 'application/vnd.ms-excel' })
link.style.display = 'none'
link.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob)
link.setAttribute('download', `${name}.xlsx`)
document.body.appendChild(link)
link.click()
document.body.removeChild(link)
})
}
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// download.java
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/download",produces = "application/octet-stream", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public void downloadTemplate(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> paramsMap, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
if (paramsMap.get("type").equals("xxx") && paramsMap.get("name").equals("xxx")) {
String[] str = new String[]{"區縣","所屬省份","所屬地市"};
Workbook workbook = ExportExcel.exportExcel("行政區劃表模版", str, null, "yyyy-MM-dd");
download(response, workbook, "CityDict");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

private void download(HttpServletResponse response, Workbook workbook, String fileName) {
try {
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream;charset=UTF-8;");
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + fileName + ".xlsx");
ByteArrayOutputStream by = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
OutputStream osOut = response.getOutputStream();
// 將指定的位元組寫入此輸出流
workbook.write(osOut);
// 重新整理此輸出流並強制將所有緩衝的輸出位元組被寫出
osOut.flush();
// 關閉流
osOut.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
LogUtils.getExceptionLogger().info("下載模板錯誤:{}", e.getMessage());
}
}
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原文連結：https://blog.csdn.net/aSmallProgrammer/article/details/91440793