市區擇房分析（ArcPy實現）
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-10-09
如何找到環境好、購物方便、小孩上學方便的居住區地段是購房者最關心的問題。因此購房者就需要從總體上對商品房的資訊進行研究分析，選擇最適宜的購房地段。
1， 背景
如何找到環境好、購物方便、小孩上學方便的居住區地段是購房者最關心的問題。因此購房者就需要從總體上對商品房的資訊進行研究分析，選擇最適宜的購房地段。
2，目的
學會利用緩衝區分析和疊置分析解決實際問題。
3，資料
試驗資料位於，“\Chp7\Ex_1.
4，要求
所尋求的市區是噪聲要小，距離商業中心和各大名牌高中要近，是為了環境優雅離名勝古蹟較近。綜合上述條件，給定一個定量的限定如下：
（1）離主要市區交通要道200m之外，交通要道的車流量大，噪聲產生的主要源於此(ST為道路型別中的主要市區交通要道）；
（2）距大型商業中心的影響，以商業中心的大小來確定影響區域，具體是以其屬性欄位YUZHI;
（3）距名牌高中在750m之內，以便小孩上學便捷；
（4）距名勝古蹟500m之內環境優雅；
具體流程圖如下
5，模型構建器
6，ArcPy實現
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 7-1 市區擇房分析.py # Created on: 2021-10-09 20:55:29.00000 # (generated by ArcGIS/ModelBuilder) # Description: # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Import arcpy module import arcpy import os path = raw_input("請輸入所需資料的對應絕對路徑：").decode("utf-8") paths = path + '\\result' if not os.path.exists(paths): os.mkdir(paths) # Local variables: network = path + "\\network.shp" network_Select_shp = "network_Select.shp" network_Select_Buffer200_shp = "network_Select_Buffer200.shp" Marketplace = path + "\\Marketplace.shp" Marketplace_Buffer_shp = "Marketplace_Buffer.shp" school = path + "\\school.shp" school_Buffer_shp = "school_Buffer.shp" famous_place = path + "\\famous place.shp" famousplace_Buffer_shp = "famousplace_Buffer.shp" suitable_shp = u"區域居住適宜性分級.shp" # Set Geoprocessing environments arcpy.env.scratchWorkspace = paths arcpy.env.workspace = paths # Process: 篩選 print "print Process: 篩選" arcpy.Select_analysis(network, network_Select_shp, "\"TYPE\" = 'ST'") # Process: 緩衝區 print "Process: 緩衝區" arcpy.Buffer_analysis(network_Select_shp, network_Select_Buffer200_shp, "200 Meters", "FULL", "ROUND", "ALL", "", "PLANAR") # Process: 新增欄位 print "Process: 新增欄位" arcpy.AddField_management(network_Select_Buffer200_shp, "voice", "SHORT", "", "", "", "", "NULLABLE", "NON_REQUIRED", "") # Process: 計算欄位 print "Process: 計算欄位" arcpy.CalculateField_management(network_Select_Buffer200_shp, "voice", "-1", "VB", "") # Process: 緩衝區 (2) print "Process: 緩衝區 (2)" arcpy.Buffer_analysis(Marketplace, Marketplace_Buffer_shp, "YUZHI_", "FULL", "ROUND", "ALL", "", "PLANAR") # Process: 新增欄位 (2) print "Process: 新增欄位 (2)" arcpy.AddField_management(Marketplace_Buffer_shp, "market", "SHORT", "", "", "", "", "NULLABLE", "NON_REQUIRED", "") # Process: 計算欄位 (2) print "Process: 計算欄位 (2)" arcpy.CalculateField_management(Marketplace_Buffer_shp, "market", "1", "VB", "") # Process: 緩衝區 (3) print "Process: 緩衝區 (3)" arcpy.Buffer_analysis(school, school_Buffer_shp, "750 Meters", "FULL", "ROUND", "ALL", "", "PLANAR") # Process: 新增欄位 (3) print "Process: 新增欄位 (3)" arcpy.AddField_management(school_Buffer_shp, "school", "SHORT", "", "", "", "", "NULLABLE", "NON_REQUIRED", "") # Process: 計算欄位 (3) print "Process: 計算欄位 (3)" arcpy.CalculateField_management(school_Buffer_shp, "school", "1", "VB", "") # Process: 緩衝區 (4) print "Process: 緩衝區 (4)" arcpy.Buffer_analysis(famous_place, famousplace_Buffer_shp, "500 Meters", "FULL", "ROUND", "ALL", "", "PLANAR") # Process: 新增欄位 (4) print "Process: 新增欄位 (4)" arcpy.AddField_management(famousplace_Buffer_shp, "famous", "SHORT", "", "", "", "", "NULLABLE", "NON_REQUIRED", "") # Process: 計算欄位 (4) print "Process: 計算欄位 (4)" arcpy.CalculateField_management(famousplace_Buffer_shp, "famous", "1", "VB", "") # Process: 聯合 print "Process: 聯合" arcpy.Union_analysis(u"{}\\network_Select_Buffer200.shp #;{}\\Marketplace_Buffer.shp #;{}\\school_Buffer.shp #;{}\\famousplace_Buffer.shp #".format(paths,paths,paths,paths), suitable_shp, "ALL", "", "GAPS") # Process: 刪除欄位 print "Process: 刪除欄位" arcpy.DeleteField_management(suitable_shp, "METERS;NAME;TYPE;L_F_ADD;R_T_ADD;CALLE;ONEWAY;L_T_ADD;R_F_ADD;FT_SPEED;TF_SPEED;TF_MINUTES;FT_MINUTES;MINUTES;SPEED;value;BUFF_DIST;ORIG_FID;ID;NAME_1;TYPE_1;YUZHI_;LABEL;value_1;BUFF_DIS_1;ORIG_FID_1;Id_1;name_12;value_12;BUFF_DIS_2;ORIG_FID_2;ID_12;NAME_12_13;LABEL_1;ADDRESS;ʱDDͨESS;ʱDDͨͨSS;ʱDDͨͨ_1;ʱDDͨͨ_2;value_1_13;BUFF_DIS_3;ORIG_FID_3") # Process: 新增欄位 (5) print "Process: 新增欄位 (5)" arcpy.AddField_management(suitable_shp, "class", "SHORT", "", "", "", "", "NULLABLE", "NON_REQUIRED", "") # Process: 計算欄位 (5) print "Process: 計算欄位 (5)" arcpy.CalculateField_management(suitable_shp, "class", "[voice] + [market] + [famous] + [school]", "VB", "") ListFeatureClasses = arcpy.ListFeatureClasses() # 統計要素類個數 for Feature in ListFeatureClasses: # 迴圈遍歷，刪除不必要要素類 if u"適宜" not in Feature: print "正在刪除{}".format(Feature) arcpy.Delete_management(Feature) print "執行完畢~~~"
注意：刪除欄位那裡，如果出現錯誤的話，可能是亂碼問題，乾脆直接把刪除欄位這程式碼刪除，繼續執行也可以，
刪除欄位只是簡化屬性表罷了！
(o)/繼續下一個實驗~~
Collection：因為這些東西是非常簡單的。不要抱怨自己學不會，那是因為你沒有足夠用心。